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101.
发达国家渔业现代化建设始于20世纪50年代,其基本做法:一是以机械、电力、石油为主体的现代工业装备渔业,二是以化工、建材、饲料、探测、生物技术为主的新技术广泛应用于渔业,三是现代企业制度为渔业现代化提供了高效的生产主体。本文还综述了当代渔业发达国家在水产养殖、捕捞与加工方面的发展水平 相似文献
102.
青岛市曾经引领了山东乃至全国的水产养殖业,但近几年青岛市渔业发展不容乐观。本研究对青岛市渔业产业链的众多环节进行了考察,分析了当前青岛市渔业产业链上存在的水产养殖高风险与保险缺位的困境,捕捞、养殖高投资与融资难的困境,养殖业与加工业分离以及辅链对主链支撑力度不够等困境,提出了扶持本地水产品加工、延长产业链条,着力发展水产养殖保险、有力支撑主链发展,创新贷款担保模式、破解融资难题,加大渔业研发力度、强力支撑主链发展以及积极培育合作组织等一系列整合渔业产业链的对策。 相似文献
103.
Ikerne del Valle Inmaculada Astorkiza Kepa Astorkiza 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2001,19(1):53-72
This paper sets out to assess the workability of the regulation currently in force in the European anchovy fishery of the VIII division. Particular attention is paid to the importance of the institutional regime in the allocation of natural resources. The study uses a bio-economic approach and takes into account the fact that, not only the European Union and the individual countries involved, but also some of the resource users or appropriators intervene in its management. In order to compare the effectiveness of the rules which, at the various levels, have been set up to restrict exploitation of the resource, the anchovy fishery is simulated in two extreme situations: open access and sole ownership. The results obtained by effective management will then be contrasted with those obtained from the maximum and zero profit objectives related with the two above-mentioned scenarios. Thus, if the real data come close to those derived from the sole ownership model it will have to be acknowledged that the rules at present in force are optimal. If, on the other hand, the situation more closely approach the results obtained from the open access model, we will endeavour in our conclusions to provide suggestions for economic policy measures that might improve the situation in the fishery. 相似文献
104.
105.
In this article we consider a two-country dynamic game model of whaling in discrete time. We assume that the countries have exact information, with one-period time delay, about each other's whaling efforts as measured by the number of vessels involved in whaling. It is shown how strategies that linearly depend on the whaling effort of the other country can be used to support a given Pareto-optimal agreement so that there will not be a temptation for unilateral deviation from the agreed decision. The credibility of these cooperative equilibrum strategies is discussed. 相似文献
106.
Ussif Rashid Sumaila 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1997,10(2):147-165
A two-agent model for the exploitation of the Arcto-Norwegian cod stock is developed to investigate the economic benefits that can be realized from the resource, and the effect of exploitation on stock sustainability under cooperation and non-cooperation. The two agents are identified in this study as a trawl fishery versus a coastal fishery. Unlike in Munro (1979), where conflicts in the management strategies of agents arise from differences in the perceptions of the discount factor, fishing effort costs, and consumer preferences, here conflicts arise mainly from the differences in fishing gear and grounds, and the age group of cod targeted by the two agents. Using a game theoretic framework, we show that given available data, the optimum optimorum is obtained under cooperation with side payments and no predetermined harvest shares, in which case the coastal fishery buys out the trawl fishery. However, sensitivity analysis shows that if the price premium assumed for mature cod is taken away, the trawl fishery takes over as the producer of the optimum optimorum. 相似文献
107.
108.
黑龙江干流水电梯级开发对鱼类资源 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
杨富亿 《国土与自然资源研究》2000,(1):55-57
分析了黑龙江干流水电梯级开发对鱼类资源的影响,结果表明,梯级水利枢纽建成后,对鲤、鲫、在型鱼类的影响利弊兼有。作用不明显;对以鲢、草鱼为代表的半洄游型鱼类产生的不利影响较大;对鲟、鳇、大麻土产持产鱼类的不利影响较明显。 相似文献
109.
本文在阐述渔业信息化建设在渔船安全管理、渔船监控等方面现状的基础上,分析了该技术对渔业经济和管理的促进作用:保障海洋渔业安全生产,强化渔业管理,服务海洋产业;提高渔业生产和交易效率、缩短渔业产品交易周期,促进"三农"问题的解决;提高海洋渔业信息化水平,推动海洋经济上新台阶;减少外交争端,维护我国海洋权益,促进海洋经济和谐发展等。最后,展望了卫星导航通信信息化在渔业信息化领域中的应用前景。 相似文献
110.
渔业保险对渔业经济具有重要的保障作用,但迄今中国渔业保险的发展还很薄弱,除了渔业的产业特性和渔业保险的特殊性原因之外,还因为政府有效指导的缺位和保险公司经营的缺位,即渔业保险参与者没有承担好自身的角色职能。通过对渔业保险现有研究文献的梳理提出如下建议:以政府政策支持和财政补贴为基础,在政府、互保协会(互助保险)、商业保险及渔民之间达成较好的合作关系,通过参与者之间有效的合作机制建立长期稳定的渔业风险保障制度,使渔业保险走上健康、持续、稳定的良性发展之路。 相似文献