南沙海洋渔业发展面临的挑战及其对策

南沙海域水产资源极其丰富,是我国最大的热带渔场,自20世纪80年代中期恢复渔业生产以来,南沙现代渔业得到了快速发展。然而,南沙的渔业生产也面I瞄渔业资源遭掠夺、渔业生产条件恶劣、涉外事件频发和渔业执法护航力量薄弱等诸多问题和挑战。为使南沙渔业又好又快发展,必须从思想认识、组织形式、管理制度、基础设施和政治努力等方面来采取相应对策。     

洞庭湖区淡水渔业发展现状和制约因素分析——以湖南南县为例

南县是湖南省高效渔业先进县,也是洞庭湖淡水渔业县的典型代表。改革以来,南县淡水渔业得到了快速发展。本文结合实际调研与历史数据,分析了南县淡水渔业发展情况,并从产业链环节分析了存在的问题,提出了加强养殖环节基础设施建设支持力度、加强技术培训、加快水产品批发市场和信息渠道建设、发展水产加工业、培育社会化服务组织、落实池塘使用权证等相关政策建议。     

中国海洋渔业经济增长质量测度及空间分异

党的十九大以来,我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,按照稳中求进工作总基调和农业农村优先发展总方针,推进海洋渔业高质量发展面临新机遇.本文以海洋渔业经济增长质量内涵为基础,采用产业结构熵指数等,构建海洋渔业经济增长质量评价指标体系;建立包括增长的基本面和社会成果两个维度的海洋渔业经济增长质量评价模型,对海洋渔业...     

渔船船东互保的现状与发展趋势

本文从发展船船东互保事业的必要性,现状等方面,阐述了渔船船东互保事业的发展趋势。     

关于实行捕捞限额制度的探讨

本文阐述了捕捞限额（TAC)的理论、发达国家的做法、我国《渔业法》关于捕捞限额管理的有关规定,探讨了实行捕捞限额管理中可能遇到的问题,提出了实行捕捞限额制度的具体建议。     

河北省海洋渔业资源可持续利用分析

河北省海洋渔业资源的形势愈来愈严峻,但海洋捕捞量却年年增加,这不难使人们联想到海洋渔业资源正在严重退化。文章引用了Walter＆Hilborn提出的非平衡产量模型对资源进行评估,计算出了最大持续产量(MSY)和最适捕捞努力量(fopt)。同时对海洋渔业资源退化进行了经济损失估算,并对海洋渔业资源开发利用合理性进行评价。旨在为早日实现河北省海洋渔业资源的合理有序开发利用和可持续发展提供参考。     

辽东湾海蜇违捕与"三渔问题"分析

"三渔问题"的存在使得渔区的群体性突发事件和违法犯罪现象日益增多,极大地危害了渔区的社会稳定.辽东湾海蜇捕捞案例即反映出典型的以渔业资源枯竭,渔民生活困难,渔村经济薄弱为特征的"三渔问题".本文采用社会经济学原理和博弈论方法分析了辽东湾海蜇违捕行为的经济性质,探讨其折射的"三渔问题",并提出化解的途径.以维护社会的和谐与稳定.     

Economic inefficiency in a revenue setting: the Norwegian whitefish fishery

The main focus in the inefficiency literature is on suboptimal input use and how this causes increased costs, due to technical and allocative inefficiency. Production or cost functions are then typically used to describe the underlying technology of the firm. The possible revenue loss, due to lower than maximum production levels and suboptimal output mix, has received substantially less attention. By using a revenue function to measure inefficiency, the focus, model and estimation technique presented in this article differ from those of previous studies. A shadow revenue model is used to decompose revenue inefficiency into its technical and allocative components, in which the allocative inefficiency is due to a suboptimal output mix. The approach is illustrated using panel data of Norwegian whitefish trawlers. The results reveal large inefficiencies, with respect to output levels as well as output mix, indicating that this can be an important part of the picture when investigating economic inefficiency. To identify the determinants of revenue inefficiency, we conduct a second-step regression, in which technical and allocative inefficiency is regressed upon a set of explanatory variables. The inefficiencies are partly explained by the management system and fleet structure.     

Valuing Mangrove-Fishery Linkages – A Case Study of Campeche, Mexico

This paper explores the value of mangrove systems as a breeding and nursery habitat for off-shore fisheries, focusing on mangrove-shrimp production linkages in Campeche State, Mexico. We develop an open access fishery model to account explicitly for the effect of mangrove area on carrying capacity and thus production. From the long-run equilibrium conditions of the model we are able to establish the key parameters determining the comparative static effects of a change in mangrove area on this equilibrium. We then estimate empirically the effects of changes in mangrove area in the Laguna de Terminos on the production and value of shrimp harvests in Campeche over 1980–90. Our findings suggest that mangroves are an important and essential input into the Campeche shrimp fishery, but that the low levels of deforestation between 1980 and 1990 mean that the resulting losses to the shrimp fishery are still comparatively small. Over-exploitation of the fishery due to open access conditions remains the more pervasive threat, and without better management any long-run benefits of protecting mangrove habitat are likely to be dissipated.     

内河上岸渔民的生存现状和社会保障探索——以广州市为例

文章以个案访谈和问卷调查所得实证资料为依据,描述了以广州市天河区猎德街誉城苑上岸渔民为代表的渔民的生存现状,对其社会保障状况进行了分析。针对上岸渔民由于年龄偏大、文化程度低、职业技能缺乏等原因,大多数人处于贫困状态,且无任何社会保障,提出了相应的对策和建议,主要有建立渔民基本生活保障制度、养老保险制度、下岗失业救济金制度等。