市政投资是保增长的重要力量

抵御金融危机,确保经济增长,扩大投资拉动是必要的也是可行的.但是谁来投资拉动?靠政府扩大基础设施投资是必要的.但是更主要的,是靠在政府四万亿投资抖动引导下,进一步实施特许经营制度,吸引和鼓励更多的企业投资、社会投资和国内外投资.增强非公有制经济投资城市市政设施的信心,保护好其投资的资产安全和投资收益.     

The structure of reseller goals and performance in marketing channels

The typical view of a marketing channel is that of a manufacturer-designed and-controlled distribution system. However, today, marketing functions, as well as market power, are more evenly distributed in the channel. In organizing and managing the modern channel, it is important to understand the business circumstances and priorities confronting channel members. This article studies how reseller firms establish their goal hierarchies and how these goals are related to performance. It hypothesizes that goal priorities emerge in relation to the environmental imperatives faced by the firm. The article develops hypotheses that are tested on survey data collected from a sample of franchisee firms, using structural equation models. The results support all the hypotheses about the effects of primary goals on performance. The effects of secondary goals are not unequivocal but informative nevertheless. Overall, the study points to interesting theoretical and managerial conclusions. Ravi S. Achrol (raachrol@mail.wvu.edu) (Ph.D., Northwestern University) is the Kmart Professor of Marketing in the College of Business & Economics at West Virginia University. Previously, he has served on the faculties of the George Washington University and the University of Notre Dame. His areas of research interest include distribution channels, marketing strategy, interorganizational relations, and network organization. His articles have appeared in theJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Public Policy and Marketing, theJournal of Retailing, Social Science Research, theJournal of Business Strategy, and various other publications. Michael J. Etzel (michael.j.etzel.1@nd.edu) (DBA, University of Colorado) is a professor of marketing at the University of Notre Dame. He has previously served on the faculties of the University of Kentucky and Utah State University. His areas of research include marketing management and strategy, retailing, and buyer behavior. In 1996–1997, he served as chair of the Board of the American Marketing Association. His research has appeared in a variety of publications, most notably theJournal of Marketing Research, theJournal of Marketing, theJournal of Consumer Research, and theJournal of Retailing.     

Developing and Implementing a Selection Model for Bedding Chain Retail Store Franchisee Using Delphi and Fuzzy AHP

This work presents a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) model that adopts several important criteria. A questionnaire based on selection criteria identified from pertinent literature and interviews with experts is designed using the modified Delphi Technique and then sent to experts and decision makers. Major selection criteria are then analyzed and ranked using Fuzzy AHP. The proposed selection model not only enables a franchiser to select franchisees more objectively, but also be apply to other brand bedding company chain stores, thus enhancing commercial operations.     

Franchisors do their homework before entering international markets: Experiences from the Australian franchising sector

Whilst the literature on international franchising practice is well established, an issue that remains unaddressed is the optimal timing for international expansion activities. In this study an Internet survey of the population of business format franchisors in Australia is conducted to obtain a profile of franchising, including international expansion data. In the second stage, a series of case studies with 16 Australian-based franchise systems is reported. The results indicate that franchisors do not wait until the domestic market is saturated before venturing overseas. Moreover, franchisors tend to develop their international expansion strategies after the business has demonstrated success in the local market.     

Franchisee-based brand equity and performance

This study focuses on the perceptions of franchisees and analyzes the influence of brand equity on franchisee performance. The factors that constitute brand equity are also assessed. Factor analysis was used to generate valid and reliable scales based on a sample of 205 Portuguese franchisee firms, and structural equation modeling methodology was then employed in the analysis. The results show franchisee-based brand equity (FBBE) to be a multivariate factor with strong influence on performance. This study contributes significantly to the literature by showing the perspective of franchisees toward franchising. It also has implications on the adequacy of corporate strategy in achieving performance.     

特许经营制度在我国城市生活垃圾处理行业中的运用研究

加快城市生活垃圾的减量化、资源化和无害化处理,是改善城市生态环境,发展循环经济的重要环节之一。在城市生活垃圾处理行业中实施特许经营制度,有利于减轻政府财政压力,加快行业市场化改革,增进社会福利。结合城市生活垃圾处理行业的特点,完善特许经营制度的运用,更好地促进我国城市生活垃圾处理行业的发展。     

国际商务准入方式及其选择

选择进入市场方式还应考虑时机问题。尤其是在经济刚刚开始起飞的新兴工业国家和正在改革转型中的前中央集权经济国家,进入越早,则进入成本越高。但是,如果进入过晚,又有可能被拒之于门外,吃“闭门羹”。如果企业必须早期进入,且成本风险高于企业承受能力,此时,则需采取合资方式。比较理想的进入时机是早期进入,但不打头炮。     

网络特许经营营销模型的构建

特许经营和电子商务是21世纪的主导商业模式。经过论证,它们两者能够有效结合并形成更先进的商业运作模式,即网络特许经营。文章在介绍特许经营基本特征的基础上分析了网络特许经营的演变过程,并提出网络特许经营的运作方式及营销模型。最后,从营销模型的角度总结并提出网络特许经营需要面对新的内外部环境及挑战。     

Market and partner selection processes in international retail franchising

This paper adopts a qualitative, case study approach to examine the market and partner selection processes of retailers operating internationally via franchising. Despite the increasing prevalence of franchising as an entry mode for international retailers, little research exists that considers how these firms choose franchise markets and franchise partners. The paper proposes a conceptual framework of the market and partner selection process that exhibits opportunistic and strategic behavior. Firms adopting a strategic approach undergo a market screening process before market attractiveness factors ultimately lead to the market selection decision. In the strategic partner selection process that follows, finance, business know-how, local knowledge, a shared understanding of the business and brand, and, ultimately, chemistry between the partners are the key factors influencing partner selection. In the case of an opportunistic approach to market and partner selection, the process reverses, with partner selection directly influencing market selection.