氢燃料电池动力技术在物流运输中的应用

化石燃料的迅速枯竭和环境问题正在推动能源结构向可再生能源进行过渡。目前,运输消耗的燃料主要来自化石能源,更强的运输需求对环境和气候有很大的威胁。氢燃料电池动力汽车使用氢能是化石燃料的清洁替代品。对氢燃料电池在国内最新的政策和市场应用情况进行总结,对其关键技术进行介绍,并对现有的应用场景进行分析,梳理其未来的发展趋势,为氢燃料电池动力汽车在物流运输行业的未来发展提供参考和指导。     

火电厂自动识别技术提升运营成本研究

介绍了利用信息化技术来提升火电厂燃料信息化管理水平的同时提升火电厂运营成本,并分析了我国火电厂当前的管理形式,提出通过信息化管理提升燃煤燃烧效率,最终降低燃料成本,才能有效提升企业的核心竞争力。     

Technological variation and the US renewable fuel standard

The US Renewable Fuel Standard contains a policy bias that undermines the three-broad policy goals of rural development, energy security, and greenhouse gas reductions. This policy bias, wherein a narrow range of options is expected to address broad societal objectives, contributes to a persistence of first-generation biofuels and limits technical variation. Renewable fuel content requirements have helped to expand the use of ethanol and biodiesel in the short term. However, long-term changes will require greater technological variation to stimulate innovation for the development of sustainable renewable fuel pathways.     

Environmental Externalities in the Presence of Network Effects: Adoption of Low Emission Technologies in the Automobile Market*

The paper considers a market currently dominated by a dirty technology that imposes significant environmental costs. A clean technology, with zero environmental costs, is introduced after the maturity of the dirty technology’s network. Adoption of the clean technology is not possible due to the network benefits in favour of the dirty technology. The paper considers two types of policy intervention to correct for the environmental externality. First, we find that the tax necessary to induce adoption of the clean technology is very high implying that a tax equal to the marginal environmental damage would not resolve the externality problem in many cases. Second, if tax revenues are earmarked towards subsidizing the clean technology, the tax is lower than in the previous case and can be set equal to the marginal external damage. *The authors are indebted to two anonymous referees for their insightful comments. We would also like to thank Robert Androkovich, Jim Seldon, Gordon Tarzwell, Christos Constantatos, participants of the EAERE 2002 conference, and the Sevilla Workshop on Public Economics and the Environment 2004 for their suggestions. Financial support by the Scholarly Activity Committee of the University College of the Cariboo is acknowledged by both authors. Eftichios Sartzetakis acknowledges also financial support by the Pythagoras I research grant of the Greek government.     

应尽快启动燃料电池叉车的研发

石油资源的日益紧缺和环境污染的日益加重,经过科技界和产业界几十年的艰苦努力,燃料电池、混合动力等新一代机动车辆驱动方式已接近实用,能否将其移植到叉车上?文中从必要性和可行性两个方面讨论了燃料电池叉车的开发问题。     

液压技术在计算机集成制造系统物流设备中的应用研究

计算机集成制造系统(cIMS——computer Integrated Manufacturing System)是一个极其复杂的系统，它涉及许多技术领域，将是21世纪工业生产模式。物流设备是CIMS重要组成系统——物流系统的重要物质基础。经过详细分析液压技术在cIMS物流设备中的应用情况可知，液压技术在cIMS的物流设备中有着广泛的应用。面对CIMS的物流设备越来越高的要求，液压技术应增强适应性，使自身发展成更完善的综合自动化技术。     

甲醇汽车技术经济评价及规模应用的可行性

甲醇究竟是不是优良的车用替代燃料、甲醇汽车能否规模化应用一直是当前中国政府、汽车产业、燃料生产企业密切关注的问题。本文将从甲醇汽车排放性能、相关技术、运营成本等方面进行技术经济评价,同时从资源供应、市场区位增长空间、配套产业发展三方面探讨甲醇汽车规模应用的可行性。研究表明：甲醇汽车的排放性、技术性能、经济性良好;同时规模化发展具备资源长期可供、市场增长空间巨大、配套产业容易发展三方面竞争优势,甲醇燃料及甲醇汽车规模应用对于缓解油气需求压力、在交通领域节能减排、发展中国特色新能源汽车产业具有重要意义。     

The Economic and Environmental Consequences of Automobile Lifetime Extension and Fuel Economy Improvement: Japan's Case

The presenft paper develops a structural decomposition analysis with cumulative product lifetime distributions to estimate the effects of both product lifetime shifts and energy efficiency changes on the embodied energy consumptions. The empirical analysis focuses on automobile use (ordinary passenger vehicles, small passenger vehicles, and light passenger vehicles) in Japan during the period 1990–2000. It reveals that the lifetime extension of existing old vehicles during the study period was more beneficial to the environment than purchasing new passenger vehicles with a relatively high fuel economy, because the lifetime extension empirically contributed to reducing the embodied energy consumption at the production and end-use stages. We also found that the energy-saving impact of a one-year lifetime extension was approximately 1.3 times larger than that of the most significant technological improvement in the electric power generation sector.     

焦化酸焦油的处置利用

介绍了酸焦油的性质及危害,综述了酸焦油生产燃料油、橡胶添加剂、配煤炼焦、表面活性剂等处置利用方式。     

加强火电企业燃料成本控制的路径分析

火电企业作为市场经济的一个主体,也要追求经济效益,而其重点便在于对燃料成本的控制。本文以燃煤为例,对火电企业燃料成本的影响因素进行了分析,并从这些因素出发,提出一系列成本控制的对策。