Measuring the Socio‐Economic Legacies of Mega‐events: Concepts,Propositions and Indicators

Legacies have become a key rationale underpinning the bidding process for hosting mega‐events. These long‐term effects are deemed to hold benefits and costs, and measurement is important. However, there is limited theory or empirical evidence on legacy impacts. In this article, the literature on legacies of mega‐events is reviewed and event tourism isolated to develop an interdisciplinary conceptual model to measure tourism legacies, and develop propositions on measurement issues. This paper develops a framework of key indicators, propositions and measures to evaluate socio‐economic legacies, which will support event organizers and decision makers to formulate policies for improving event legacies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

竹业产业化共同利益的评价理论与构建实践

本文阐述了竹业产业化共同利益的基本内涵 ,从 4个层面设置了共同利益的评价指标。在借鉴农业产业化实践的基础上 ,对浙江省安吉、德清两县竹业产业化共同利益的形成途径与实现方式作了基本概括 ,并对共同利益的影响因素进行了分析。     

Environmental quality indicators: Background,principles and examples from Norway

The need for a simple and general overview of the development in the state of the environment has led to work on environmental indicators in several countries and international organizations. Except for the basic common requirement of providing an overview, the works vary a great deal with regard to final aim, target groups, classification and, hence, choice of indicators. This paper gives an overview of the work carried out in the Central Bureau of Statistics of Norway within this field, with emphasis on the basic principles behind the choice of indicators. A hierarchical system of indicator sets is proposed, and examples of indicators are presented. Also, a brief overview of work carried out elsewhere is included.     

Design and Implementation of Return on Capital Employed Performance Indicators Within a Trading Regime: The Case of Executive Agencies

The financial regime under which trading executive agencies operate implies that return on capital employed (ROCE) is used to indicate that revenues meet but do not exceed costs, including the cost of capital; that is, that there is neither cross-subsidisation nor hidden taxation. This paper develops a model for measuring ROCE derived from this objective. It argues that users of ROCE indicators are likely to lack financial sophistication and to want to compare performance between entities, so that indicators should be clear, readily understandable and comparable. The range of measurement and presentation methods used in practice undermines clarity and comparability and some methods are inconsistent with the model. Performance is sometimes characterised as meeting the target when this is problematic. The paper also examines outturn performance and finds some very substantial excess returns, implying hidden taxation.     

以平衡计分卡为基础构建商业银行业绩评价的非财务指标

随着国内商业银行之间以及与外资银行的竞争日益加剧,我国商业银行原有的业绩评价体系已经不适应新的形势.平衡计分卡认为,业绩评价应以顾客、内部经营及学习与创新等非财务指标来补充财务指标,并针对各个方面的业绩目标,设计出相应的计量指标,以便系统、全面、迅速地反映企业的整体运营情况,为企业管理服务.本文以平衡计分卡为基础,分析了我国商业银行业绩评价体系的发展沿革及现状,指出了我国商业银行业绩评价注重财务评价而忽视非财务评价的问题,借鉴西方商业银行使用平衡计分卡的先进经验,从顾客、员工、组织、内部经营、创新等方面构建了商业银行业绩评价的非财务指标体系.     

供应商对企业非财务指标关注程度实证分析——基于供应商利益要求及其实现方式

供应商对不同类的反映其利益要求和实现方式信息的非财务指标的关注程度存在显著的差异,其排列顺序与其所看重的相应利益要求和实现方式的排序相同,其中企业风险、敏感性、稳定性指标最受其关注。不同性质、是否上市、不同规模、不同发展阶段、不同类型企业的供应商对同一类的非财务指标的关注程度可能存在显著差异。企业应披露有关信息,以满足本企业供应商关注相关信息的需要。     

基于希腊主权债务危机的危机预警研究——兼对社会保障支出比重的定量分析

为了研究债务危机的成因及其预警机制,本文在对希腊主权债务危机演变进行描述性分析的基础上,建立了债务危机预警的Logistic模型.通过SPSS18.0统计软件分析,我们发现了影响债务危机发生的主要指标,包括:一般政府净贷款占GDP比率、国际收支占GDP比率以及社会保障支出占GDP比率、总储蓄规模占GDP比率以及通货膨胀率.其中,所选取的欧洲国家的社会保障支出占GDP的比重约为25％,对于债务危机的爆发的影响系数高达0.620.结合我国的经济形势与社会保障发展现状,本文了提出相关的政策建议.     

‘MODERATION IN ALL THINGS’: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF GOVERNANCE QUALITY

Comparative measures of aspects of government in different countries are a rapidly growing industry. This paper offers a broad‐ranging critique of the state of the art. The two central questions are (a) How do currently available international measures of governance gain attention from non‐expert audiences, and (b), How understandable are they likely to be to these audiences?’ Findings from a range of relevant literature are brought to bear on three prominent sets of international measures, and conclusions are drawn.     

Using Leading Indicators to Forecast U.S. Home Sales in a Bayesian Vector Autoregressive Framework

This article uses Bayesian vector autoregressive models to examine the usefulness of leading indicators in predicting U.S. home sales. The benchmark Bayesian model includes home sales, price of homes, mortgage rate, real personal disposable income, and unemployment rate. We evaluate the forecasting performance of six alternative leading indicators by adding each, in turn, to the benchmark model. Out-of-sample forecast performance over three periods shows that the model that includes building permits authorized consistently produces the most accurate forecasts. Thus, the intention to build in the future provides good information with which to predict U.S. home sales. Another finding suggests that leading indicators with longer leads outperform the short-leading indicators.