重庆经济结构存在的矛盾与对策

重庆市与西部的多数省区一样,经济发展面临着特有的结构性难题,主要包括三次产业结构矛盾、工业内部结构矛盾、区域经济结构矛盾和城乡"二元经济"结构矛盾等.应尽快优化、提升产业结构,并努力实现区域经济、城乡经济的协调、健康发展.     

选择"责任险方案"投保工伤保险更符合企业利益

(补充)工伤保险是近年来我国商业保险市场的新生事物。在我国产、寿险分业经营的制度下，财产险公司和寿险公司分别从自己的角度推出了适应这个需求的产品。并由此形成了“责任险方案”和“人身险方案”并存的市场供给局面。本文从法定责任转移、纳税优惠以及前瞻性三方面对两种方案进行了分析对比，得出结论：选用“责任险方案”更符合投保企业的利益。     

产业结构变动中的粮食安全研究——江苏的案例

九十年代末 ,江苏产业结构发生很大的变化 ,农业在国民经济中的比重下降较快 ,同时 ,由于经济的快速发展 ,农地日益减少 ,人地矛盾日益尖锐 ,被人们普遍关心的粮食安全问题被提上了议事日程。本文主要分析江苏产业结构调整对粮食生产和粮食安全的影响 ,并探讨江苏在产业结构调整中保证粮食安全的对策。     

基于Multi-agent的区域产业集群模块化升级研究

从决策主体有限理性角度 ,引入行为金融于区域产业发展集群升级管理体系 ,以Friedman和Savage之谜为释例 ,给出了其异常现象的行为金融解释。提出了行为金融范式下区域产业集群升级管理六要素 ,利用模块化思想构建了基于Multi-agent的区域产业集群升级管理模式 ,指出了各要素之间的优化机理 ,强调战略、组织、方法、信息、文化和过程的有机融合     

区域产业结构与就业结构的比较及启示——基于重庆市万州区和涪陵区的分析

产业结构和就业结构的变化反映出区域经济发展的资源分配结构及其发展进程和水平.分析发现,万州区与涪陵区在产业结构上都存在第一产业所占比重与其吸纳劳动力的比重不一致的现象,其中,涪陵区第二产业比重较大但吸纳劳动力能力较弱,而万州区第三产业吸纳劳动力能力要弱于涪陵区.两地应大力发展第三产业以改善就业结构,充分吸纳从第一产业转移出来的劳动力.     

国际贸易、技术进步和中国工业行业的生产率增长

内生增长理论认为技术进步是经济增长最为重要的助推力,推动技术进步的力量是对研发的投资和国际贸易的发展。随着经济贸易与信息技术的飞速发展,社会对国际贸易、技术进步的关注程度日渐提升。通过深入分析国际贸易与工业行业生产率之间的关系,可以有针对性地应用有效手段对国际贸易进行调整,使其可以继续带动技术的进步并促进工业行业生产率的提升。基于此,论文探究了我国国际贸易、技术进步与工业行业生产率增长的关系,阐述了国际贸易、技术进步对于工业行业生产率的真实影响。     

“双高”建设背景下湖北省电商专业结构与产业结构协同发展探究

随着我国社会主义市场经济的迅速发展以及科学技术水平的不断提升,电商行业作为新兴发展产业受到人们的广泛关注,该行业对国家的经济建设发展作出的贡献越来越大。因此,加强对电商行业的产业结构与专业结构的协同发展工作的研究,对提升该行业工作质量水平以及满足人们的生活需求都有至关重要的作用。     

An Econometric Estimation of Industrial Water Demand in France

This study investigates the structure of industrial water demand byestimating the derived demand for water on a sample of industrialestablishments located in the south-west of France. Productiontechnologies are represented by short-term variable cost functions andapproximated by a translog form. Industrial water use is modeled ashaving three components: the quantity of water bought to a waterutility, the quantity of autonomous water and the quantity of watertreated prior to use. We include in this framework water effluents,which are considered as a by-product of the production process, emittedby firms. Each of the three water components is treated as a separateinput and all are estimated as a system of simultaneous equations. Themodel is estimated on a sample of 51 industrial plants in the Girondedistrict observed from 1994 to 1996 using Seemingly Unrelated Regression(SUR) and Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS). Results ofestimations show that industrial firms are sensitive to water priceinputs. Network water elasticity is estimated at –0.29. It variesfrom –0.10 to –0.79 according to the type of industryconsidered. Autonomous water price elasticity is not significant.Elasticity for treated water is evaluated at –1.42 at themean-sample and varies from –0.90 to –2.21 according to theindustry considered.     

Energy taxation in Southern Europe: The case of Portugal

We investigate whether or not the imposition of a common EC energy-tax will penalize more the poorer Southern European economies and if this will harm convergence at the EC level. We start by surveying briefly the existing studies and empirical evidence. Then we exploit the results obtained when using the macroeconometric HERMES models to simulate the introduction of an energy-tax. Unfortunately, as we only have HERMES results for one Southern European economy, Portugal, our conclusions are limited. Finally, we investigate convergence in Europe and the effects of energy taxation on convergence. We conclude that energy taxation will harm growth all over the EC, penalizing more one of the less developed countries, Portugal, and having most probably adverse effects on convergence.This paper was prepared for presentation at the Conference Energy Tax in Europe organized jointly by the SEO-University of Amsterdam and the DG XII of the CEC and held in Amsterdam on 13th December 1991. I would like to thank the participants in the Conference and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. Of course, the usual disclaimer applies.     

Bandwagon mergers,international competitiveness,and government policy

This paper suggests that while the static welfare losses of merger predilections among Western firms may not be dramatic, they may lead to substantial dynamic losses when merger-prone firms need to compete with firms which instead focus on equipment investment and investments in R&D. It is suggested that such diverging investment priorities have been the real cause of the deteriorating competitiveness of many of the largest Western enterprises vis-à-vis their Japanese rivals. While mergers are generally taken to be determined by either efficiency or monopoly considerations, this paper argues that Western merger predilections are likely to be generated by a combination of imitative and defensive routines as well. That would make it difficult for firms to unilaterally break away from these competitiveness-threatening investments. If correct, this would imply that competition policies would need to be refocused. However, it is also suggested that the implications for international competitiveness should make merger questions a subject of industrial policies too. In that respect, the paper suggests some basic attitudinal changes.Earlier versions of this paper were presented at a Global Forum for Competition and Trade Policy conference in Vienna and at a EUNIP workshop at Åbo Akademi University, Finland. Financial support from the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (contract nos. 54473 and 57305) and the European Commission (contract no. ERB CHRX CT94-0454), research assistance from Michel Renirie and Chee-Wai Chan, and helpful comments from the conference and workshop participants, especially Kurt Bayer and Keith Cowling, are gratefully acknowledged. Only the author is responsible for the contents of, and any flaws in the paper.