关于编制"十一五"规划的几点见解

"十一五"规划编制的体制背景发生了根本的变化。传统计划经济下的计划以生产为中心,是配置社会资源的主要手段,所以计划不仅内容繁细,而且具有很强的指令性;市场经济下市场在配置社会资源中起着基础性作用,政府只是弥补或纠正"市场失灵"领域,并主要靠间接调控方式规范市场和引导企业。 因而,市场经济体制下的"十一五"规划必须突破传统计划理念,力求在体系、内容、重点、方法等方面有所创新。     

资本市场的创新与风险防范

资本市场存在外生性与内生性两种不同的风险。资本市场的创新可以分散和转移外部性风险,但加大了内生性风险,起到累积和放大资本市场风险的作用。美国次级贷款危机演变为金融危机,过度的金融创新起了传导链和放大器的作用。推进我国资本市场的创新,必须寻求创新与监管及风险防范的平衡;服务于实体经济发展的要求;健全资本市场的监督与宏观调控体系及机制;防范外部金融冲击和国际金融危机传染。     

基于产业集群生命周期理论的研究与探讨

对产业集群生命周期的正确认识与划分在区域产业集群的持续发展中有着重要的意义。本文首先对产业集群的概念及产业集群生命周期的理论进行了系统的回顾,接着重点对其相关研究成果进行了归纳,主要从产业集群发展动力与演进路径进行了阐述,最后提出了有待深入的相关研究与展望。     

企业技术创新生态化实现的关键影响因素

通过文献研究,将政府作为、生态意识、社会资本、技术能力、资源支持和绿色营销能力6个因素作为影响企业技术创新生态化实现的关键因素,构建了理论模型并提出研究假设。基于来自国内262家企业的调研数据,利用AMOS22.0软件进行结构方程模型分析,以验证研究假设。结果显示:政府作为、生态意识、社会资本、技术能力和绿色营销能力5个因素对企业技术创新生态化的综合绩效有正效应且影响比较显著。最后提出提升企业技术创新生态化水平的对策建议。     

关于电子产业技术创新影响因素的实证分析

对中国产业技术创新诱导因素的分析必须在具体的经济、制度环境下进行。以市场集中度、产业内企业规模、产权制度基础、产业开放程度为影响因子,对电子产业的实证分析显示,市场集中度、产权制度变化与产业创新能力的相关性不强,出口与创新负相关,增加产业内大企业的比重、适度增加进口对创新有促进作用。     

Racing in two dimensions

In this paper we study an industry in which there is an ongoing sequence of R&D races between two firms. Firms are engaged in product innovation. Products are horizontally and vertically differentiated. There are two key characteristics/dimensions to products, and the level at which these are embodied in products can be increased by R&D. At each time firms can spend R&D on improving their product in one or both dimensions. We allow the possibility of economies scope — so R&D undertaken in one dimension can spillover to the other. The question we are interested in is whether a firm that is ahead in a single dimension but behind in another will focus all its R&D effort in the area in which it is ahead (product specialisation), or whether it will try to do R&D in both dimensions in the hope that it might get ahead in both and end up with a superproduct that dominates in both characteristics. The outcome of this R&D competition determines a Markov transition probability matrix determining the evolution of the industry. We show that when the R&D technology is characterized by constant returns then the only steady-state outcome is one in which the economy stays forever in a position in which one firm produces a super-product and the other gives up doing R&D altogether. This outcome is unaffected by the degree of economies of scope. When the R&D technology is characterised by decreasing returns, then the industry will visit all states and so will exhibit both product specialisation and superproduct dominance at various times. Now the extent of economies of scope matters and we show that the greater the extent of economies of scope, the less likely is the industry to exhibit product dominance, and the more likely it is to exhibit product specialisation.     

农地产权社会化与农地经营制度创新

农地产权社会化是农地产权关系发展的必然趋势,农地产权社会化与农地经营制度是辩证统一的关系.农地产权社会化的程度决定农地经营制度的实现形式,改革开放近30年来我国农地产权社会化程度日益加深,以家庭承包制为主体的衣地经营制度已表现出不适应农地产权社会化的方面,须完善和创新现阶段我国农地经营制度.家庭承包制自身的完善,相应配套制度的确立以及新的经营制度的探索,将是未来我国农地经营制度完善、创新的突破口.     

吉林省国有企业资本结构分析及优化对策

吉林省国有企业资本结构中,普遍存在资产负债率过高、国有股比例偏大现象。企业资本结构与多方面的因素相关。吉林省国有企业在收益质量、收入增长率方面较薄弱,导致资本结构不合理,应从产权制度和公司治理入手,通过制度创新,在加大股权融资、提高收益质量和收入增长率等方面采取措施,以优化资本结构。     

THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF VOLUNTARY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS: A CRITICAL REVIEW

Abstract.  New trends in studies on the governance of natural assets include substantial consideration of the role of voluntary initiatives. A traditional economic view states that there is a trade-off between being green and being competitive. According to that view, no voluntary environmental action is expected to occur. To undertake an in-depth analysis of the scope for voluntary action, this paper reviews empirical literature that analyzes the relationship between manufacturing firms' environmental initiatives or performance and economic results. This review moves beyond the general test of the 'pay to be green' hypothesis, preferring instead to systematize empirical results in more specific research questions. Empirical findings of the reviewed literature generally support that there is no penalty for being green. In addition, the typology of firms, the methods utilized for implementing environmental initiatives, the intensity of abatement efforts and stockholders' valuation of green firms have all been shown to have a sizeable influence on the actual economic results of environmental action or management. Consequently, the findings of this paper challenge the traditional strategic theory that predicts widespread free-riding; it holds major implications for environmental policy-making and environmental business decisions.