调动实验人员工作积极性的探索

我院对实验技术人员的工作量评估及奖金分配,本着多劳多得、按劳取酬的原则确定实验难度系数,进行了实际而有效的探索.该方案的执行有利于调动实验技术人员的积极性,有利于教学质量的提高.     

欧美限制和人民币汇率调整——双重压力下的中国纺织业

在后配额时代,遭遇了欧美限制和人民币汇率调整的中国纺织业不仅没有“大展鸿图”,其所受到的压力似乎更大了。在这个为中国纺织业提供更为有利的机遇和更加严峻的挑战的后配额时代,只有用全球化的视角分析我国纺织业所受的影响和面临的问题,采取有效的应对策略才能切实提高我国纺织业的核心竞争力,取得新的发展。     

Public-Private Partnerships A Public Economics Perspective

Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are spreading all over theworld. It may be quite plausible that they were initially startedmainly as an attempt to evade expenditure controls and hidepublic budget deficits. But if they are properly designed andtransparently reported, PPPs can play a useful role in enhancingthe efficiency of the provision of services that were suppliedbefore solely by the public sector. This article provides apublic economics perspective on PPPs. (JEL codes: H54, L33)     

The Barcelona initiative and the importance of NTBs: a dynamic CGE-analysis for Syria

The Barcelona Initiative is the central element of the EU’s Mediterranean policy. We study the implementation of this policy with respect to Syria using a dynamic general equilibrium model with credit constraints and capital market imperfections. Dismantling formal tariffs has only limited effects on the Syrian economy, while reducing non-tariff barriers produces by far larger results. EU association promises broadly positive effects for factor incomes and sectoral outputs, with some temporarily negative effects in agricultural sectors. Nevertheless, we find evidence of severe trade distorting effects making preferential trade policy clearly welfare inferior to multilateral trade liberalization within the WTO framework.

地方政府的主动制度供给是大国制度创新之源--对我国地方政府主动供给制度的研究

大国制度创新必须兼顾各方面的利益，考虑全局性的因素，其制度供给是一种平均的速度。这种供给速度对于有些地区可能比较超前，而对有些地区可能比较滞后，因此大国制度创新不能统一进行，必须发挥地方政府的积极性和创造性，允许地方政府根据本地区制度环境的变化和相对收益的变化，及时地、主动地推动制度创新。地方政府主动制度创新能够实现区域制度结构均衡，能够为中央政府的制度供给提供经验教训和知识存量，在一定程度上推动着全国性的制度变迁。     

The role of senior management in opportunity formation: Direct involvement or reactive selection?

Research Summary : Much research suggests that entrepreneurial opportunities in established firms result from bottom‐up initiative in a diverse workforce, senior management's main role in the entrepreneurial process is to select among opportunities generated in the bottom‐up process, and it should refrain from directly getting involved in this process. We develop an alternative and more active view of the role of senior management in the opportunity formation process in which senior management intervenes in the entrepreneurial process to resolve coordination and collaboration problems across initiatives and decide on resource allocation. We proffer rival hypotheses concerning the effect of such senior management involvement in the entrepreneurial process. Specifically, we hypothesize that the positive relations between bottom‐up initiative/employee diversity and opportunity formation are positively (negatively) moderated by such direct involvement by senior management. We examine these ideas using two matched data sources: a double‐respondent survey of CEOs and HR managers and employer–employee register data. We find support for the view that senior management involvement positively moderates the relations between bottom‐up processes/diversity and opportunity formation. Managerial Summary : What are the processes through which entrepreneurial opportunities emerge in established companies? Research has pointed to diversity and bottom‐up initiative, but our understanding is limited with respect to what senior managers should do to optimally promote entrepreneurship in such companies. In one view, senior management should keep a distance and limit their involvement to picking the best opportunities out of those they are presented with in the bottom‐up process. In contrast, we argue that given bottom‐up initiative in the context of a diverse workforce, senior management should play a more direct role in the entrepreneurial process. The reason is that senior‐management involvement at early stages of the opportunity formation process is required to handle the management challenges arising from diversity and bottom‐up initiative. Overall, our study suggests that firms that wish to seize the potential benefits (in terms of entrepreneurial opportunities) of having a more diverse workforce and more bottom‐up initiative need senior managers that directly engage in the entrepreneurial process.     

出口活动、贸易强度与制造业行业生产率——来自我国中部地区的经验数据

文章以我国中部6省制造业的21个行业为研究对象,采用DEA数据包络分析法科学测度了中部6省制造业行业最近十年的全要素生产率,再结合静态与动态面板模型对出口活动、强度与制造业企业生产率的关系进行了实证研究。结果表明中部地区的出口强度与整体制造业的生产率具有正相关,促进了中部地区发展;而出口活动对制造业生产率的促进作用主要是集中在高技术行业。对于传统行业,出口活动反而降低了制造业生产率。     

任务型教学法在口语课教学中的应用研究

大学英语口语教学的关键在于如何调动学生的参与积极性。采用任务型教学法,通过设计富有真实感、难易程度不同的任务可以充分调动学生的参与积极性,使学生在完成任务的过程中口语水平得到较大提高。     

教育投融资改革PFI模式初探

当前投融资体制改革已经深入到公共事业领域。上海作为我国现代化经济中心城市,率先在教育与卫生两个领域成立了申教投资公司和申康投资公司,进行公益性事业投融资体制改革的探索。本文通过对英国PFI投资制度的分析,认为我国的教育投融资体制改革中引入PFI模式,将对减轻财政负担、政府职能转变、政府风险分摊及事业单位的人事制度改革等方面,起到积极的推动作用。     

不当督导与主动性创新行为的关系研究--基于雇佣关系的调节作用

不当督导对员工行为的影响是组织行为学领域的一个新热点话题。文章通过问卷调查获得296名下属与上级的配对数据,研究不当督导对主动性创新行为的影响效果,并探索雇佣关系的调节作用。结果表明：不当督导对主动性创新行为具有显著负向影响;组织导向型雇佣关系可以显著减弱这种负向效应;而工作导向型雇佣关系却显著增强这种负向效应;但投资不足型雇佣关系的调节效应不显著。最后还讨论了研究的局限以及未来展望。