Information Technology As A Factor Of Production: The Role Of Differences Among Firms

Despite evidence that information technology (IT) has recently become a productive investment for a large cross-section of firms, a number of questions remain. Some of these issues can be addressed by extending the basic production function approach that was applied in earlier work. Specifically, in this short paper we: 1) control for individual firm differences in productivity by employing a ‘firm effects’ specification, 2) consider the more flexible translog specification instead of only the Cobb-Douglas specification, and 3) allow all parameters to vary between various subsectors of the economy.

We find that while ‘firm effects’ may account for as much as half of the productivity benefits imputed to IT in earlier studies, the elasticity of IT remains positive and statistically significant. We also find that the estimates of IT elasticity and marginal product are little-changed when the less restrictive translog production function is employed. Finally, we find only limited evidence of differences in IT's marginal product between manufacturing and services and between the ‘measurable’ and ‘unmeasurable’ sectors of the economy. Surprisingly, we find that the marginal product of IT is at least as high in firms that did not grow during 1988–1992 sample period as it is in firms that grew.     

International Trade and Environmental Regulation: Time Series Evidence and Cross Section Test

This paper examines empiricallywhether more stringent domestic environmental policiesreduce the international competitiveness ofenvironmentally sensitive goods (ESGs). Our timeseries evidence indicates that there are no systematicchanges in trade patterns of ESGs in the last threedecades, despite the introduction of more stringentenvironmental regulations in most of the developedcountries in the 1970s and 1980s. This observedphenomenon is then subjected to a multi-countryeconometric test using an extended gravity-equationframework. The test suggests that, overall, morestringent environmental regulations do not reducetotal exports, exports of ESGs and exports ofnon-resource-based ESGs. Neither was there anyevidence to support the hypothesis that new tradebarriers emerge to offset the effects of morestringent environmental regulations.     

Gender,Decent Work,and Global Production Sharing in Indonesian Manufacturing

Abstract:

Global commodity chains reflect and affect gendered labor markets. This article uses the Decent Work framework from the International Labour Organization to analyze employment outcomes for Indonesian workers in manufacturing. This research investigates trends in feminized manufacturing sectors in variously sized firms. Regression analyses is used to evaluate how firm characteristics related to global production sharing effect decent work outcomes for women and men, as well as female share of employment itself. The results suggest that exports and FDI affect men and women differently and that feminization and decent work outcomes depend on how the sector is positioned along the global value chain.     

南水北调中线水源地生态与经济系统动态分析——以汉中市为例

把生态与经济系统耦合类型划分为生态良好经济发达型、生态良好经济欠发达型、生态脆弱经济发达型、生态脆弱经济欠发达型四种。基于生态足迹理论,构建了生态资本效用指数、生态&经济协调指数,对南水北调工程水源地汉中市1990～2009年生态经济系统运行态势进行了动态分析。结果如下:生态资本供需变化较大:1993年以前为生态盈余,1994～2001年为基本持平,2002～2009年为轻度赤字;生态压力逐渐增大,由1990年的0.74提高到2009年的1.15;2009年的生态资本转换效用是1990年的1.82倍,同期生态与经济协同发展指数提高了2.01倍。研究表明,汉中市生态与经济系统目前属于生态良好经济欠发达型。据此,提出了生态资源经济化的路径与建议。     

会计准则国际趋同问题研究:回顾与展望

文章系统回顾了国内外关于会计准则国际趋同的概念、路径、策略及其影响的研究成果,明确了相关研究对于评价我国会计准则国际趋同路径与策略选择的参考价值,指出我国会计准则国际趋同问题进一步研究的重点方向与研究的理论和现实意义。     

物流系统规划-仿真集成化技术研究

通过对物流系统规划与仿真模型的分析，归纳出系统规划模型与系统仿真模型的共有属性和关系，采用集成化的技术，建立集成化规划一仿真系统模型，并通过Solidworks和Flexsim研究实现其集成化，并在相关课题中获得成功应用，突破了现有软件在规划与仿真之间数据共享的壁垒。     

绿色经济发展中政府介入时机与政策选择——基于技术采用均衡时间的比较静态分析

发展绿色经济推进经济转型是实现科学发展的核心。市场自身转型的滞后是影响绿色经济发展的重要因素。转型具有公共物品的性质,公共财政的本质意味着政府介入从而消除滞后的合意性。绿色新技术采用的滞后是造成转型滞后的关键,新技术采用路径的均衡时间受多种因素影响从而滞后的程度也就不同;但均衡时间的比较静态分析结果表明,新技术创新的强度、市场需求、贴现率、技术采用成本、既有生产成本以及企业行为等因素的改变都会影响均衡的采用时间,这些都为政府的介入提供了基础。     

基于解吸能力的外向型技术转移研究框架——以网络嵌入性为视角

在开放式创新研究的基础上,从网络嵌入性的视角,探索外向型开放式创新中技术转移的机制和影响因素,揭示了解吸能力在整个技术转移过程中的作用机制,构建了外向型技术转移研究框架,为企业实践外向型技术转移和创新提供了理论基础。     

长阳县发展旅游业与农民增收的关系研究

农民增收是新农村建设的一项重要任务,要从根本上解决农民增收问题,关键在于把农村剩余劳动力转移出来。在对湖北宜昌长阳土家族自治县的调研中发现,旅游业可以有效地实现劳动力的转移,走＂进厂不进城、离土不离乡＂的发展道路,使旅游业的发展与农民增收相得益彰。     

中国知识服务业国际竞争力研究

中国知识服务业的发展还处于初步阶段,国际竞争力水平存在较大差异,中国要建立创新型社会,就要注重知识服务业的发展,要从战略高度制定知识服务业相应的发展规划,建立相应的支撑体系,发挥政府职能作用,培养和引进专业人才,发展壮大知识服务企业等。