The new post-industrial state

With the socioeconomic restructuring of the 1970s and 1980s, the idea of a smooth transition to a post-industrial service economy has required significant revision. We outline three such revisions: the ideas of informatization, informalization, and dualism. The first two are reworkings of post-industrial theory so as to emphasize one or other undervalued trend in industrial society, and are in principle quite compatible. The third emphasizes inequalities in power and resources that are plausibly associated with developments seen as benign by the others. Each has distinct implications for democratic development. However, we argue that while elements of all three models are present in current trends, so that the future might be best seen as a compromise between them, in fact all approaches fail to grasp the real significance of socioeconomic and technological restructuring. A more fruitful approach, with distinctive policy implications, is proposed.     

The Impact of Academic Research on Business Practice Experiences from Marketing

In the past four decades, academic researchers have developed a variety of concepts they claim are relevant to business practice. This article analyzes the impact of eight of these concepts from a decision-oriented perspective. Four of them – econometric models, diffusion models, causal analysis and mental accounting – have yet to exert a significant influence on business practice. In contrast, concepts like price decisions and structures, conjoint measurement, decision support systems and pricing processes – all developed to solve practical problems – have proven to be highly useful. It seems evident that overly complex methodology, abstract reasoning and the reliance on incidental data substantially hinder the success of concepts in practice. On the other hand, concepts that provide managers with economically valuable insights are well-received in business practice. The impact of practical experience on the definition of research projects has remained limited. This is due less to the reluctance of the parties involved and more to the objective obstacles such as confidentiality and the complexity of problems. Academic researchers are encouraged to more assertively seek out research guidance from business practitioners, and practitioners should more actively provide recommendations needed for relevant research.     

国外旅游购物研究综述——ATR和TM反映的学术态势

本文利用《旅游研究纪事》和《旅游管理》这两本国外主流旅游学术刊物所载有关旅游购物的研究文献,以时间顺序对其进行了梳理,界定了国外旅游购物研究的缘起及发展阶段,并分析了各个阶段的研究视角、研究方法、研究深度及其发展脉络。文章认为,国外旅游购物研究的视角经历了从旅游购物（品）向旅游购物者的转变,研究方法也逐步从描述性、概念性和简单的数理统计逐渐转变为复杂的数理统计和构建模型,深入、细化研究的学术传统也得到了传承。相比之下,国内旅游购物的研究视角和研究方法还存在较大差距,亟待转变,且研究还有待深入细化。     

How Public Relations Functions to Help Achieving Organizational Goals——Alzheimer＇s Assays Campaign Case Study

One purpose that public relations serves is to help organizations to achieve their objectives. The development of this understanding can be regarded as a four-stage process： research, planning, programming, and evaluation. These four steps are essential to any effective public relations campaign and they are actually not four independent functions. Each step overlaps the others, and if any one is neglected, the entire process might be affected. Alzheimer＇s Assays campaign illustrates a complete public relations project because it experiences all the four stages. Herein Alzheimer＇s Assays campaign is studied as an example to demonstrate how public relations functions to help achieving organizational goals.     

抓住机遇,开拓进取,努力开创内蒙古高校科技工作的新局面

近年来,内蒙古高校科技工作取得了显著成效:综合科技实力持续提高;教学与科研二元化发展模式基本确立;学科结构不断优化;培养出一批本土学科带头人;有效整合了创新资源。同时也面临着如下问题:高校科技工作与自治区经济社会重大需求不相适应;科技创新动力不足;科技投入力度不够;创新平台综合利用和集约化程度差;政策支撑环节仍然薄弱。因此,要努力抓好一项规划;提升两个能力;实施三大行动;在科技计划中突出六大重点,实现高效科技工作新局面。     

二十世纪中国农业教育的分期研究

我国现代农业教育发端于19世纪末到20世纪初，经历刚刚过去的百年发展，已经初步形成了具有中国特色的农业教育体系。回顾20世纪的发展轨迹，有筚路蓝缕的艰辛，有曲折动荡的苦涩。也有辉煌成就的慰藉。本文以20世纪中国农业教育的思想变革和学制发展为主线，尝试将百年农业教育划分为四个历史发展时期，并研究分析了不同历史时期的发展状况和发展特征。     

我国新药研发领域中技术转移问题的研究

本文分析了新药研发技术转移的一般过程,针对我国新药研发技术转移过程中存在的问题,提出对策与建议。     

浅谈农业高校科技成果产业化

针对农业科技成果的特殊性和农业高校科技成果产业化存在的问题，农业高校科技成果产业化必须努力培养适应市场经济的科技成果、提高农业科技成果知名度、建立适应市场经济的科技成果产业化机制、规范科技成果产业化、多渠道融资、完善农业高校科技企业体制，加快农业科技成果产业化。     

Measuring the Effect of Federal Research Funding on Private Donations at Research Universities: Is Federal Research Funding More than a Substitute for Private Donations?

The nature of federal research funding has changed in the United States over the last 30 years. In part, federal research funding has changed in the distribution of funding across disciplines and across universities. Federal funding to universities with historically low levels of funding has also experienced greater growth than those universities with historically high levels of funding. In addition, universities have become more involved in the political process with respect to the allocation of funding for higher education. As the nature of government funding changes, this paper questions its effect on private donations to research and non-research universities. The general presumption of much of the existing theoretical work is that government and private funding for charitable goods are substitutes. Limited evidence exists to suggest, in some circumstances, there may be a positive correlation between these two sources of funding. Potentially, because the government undertakes the expense to gather information about the research universities, and engages in such activities as peer-review of research proposals, the government through its grant awards may provide a signal of quality of research or other information to donors that is less noisy than that available to private donors. Similarly, there may be other types of spillover effects from research funding to private donations. In this case, a change in government grants has both a positive and negative effect on private donations, suggesting a positive correlation between private and public donations if the effect from the dissemination of information is greater than the substitution effect of government grants. I examine data for private and public universities in the United States to measure the relationship between private and public donations under a fixed-effects OLS regression. I explore issues of bias from endogeneity or omitted variables and report the results from a two stage least squares regression in which I use a set of measures that affect federal research funding but not private donations. Regardless of the specification, the results suggest private and public donations are positively correlated for research universities and negatively correlated for non-research institutions. On average, increasing federal research funding by one dollar increases private donations by 65 cents at research universities, decreases private donations by 9 cents at universities whose highest degree granted is a masters, and decreases private donations by 45 cents at liberal arts colleges.