政府支出的构成、宏观经济波动与社会福利——基于动态随机一般均衡的视角

基于包含政府支出不同构成成分的NK-DSGE模型,本文对政府支出不同构成成分的宏观经济效应以及社会福利效应进行了分析。结果表明：（1）生产性政府支出对于产出具有最大且持续性最强的冲击效应,并且对于消费具有“挤入效应”;（2）相对而言,教育和医疗等对于私人消费具有完全替代性的政府支出对于私人消费具有最大且持续性最强的冲击效应;（3）相对而言,生产性政府支出冲击引起了最大的社会福利损失,而教育和医疗等对于私人消费具有完全替代性的政府支出冲击引起的社会福利损失则相对较小。由于我国政府偏好于生产性政府支出,因而本文的研究结论表明,在当前内需不足的背景下,增加教育和医疗等对于私人消费具有完全替代性的政府支出有利于促进消费、拉动内需,并且这一方面政府支出的增加也有利于降低政策引起的社会福利损失。     

代际支持对老年人康养旅游消费行为的影响

借鉴家庭代际支持与积极心理学理论,探讨代际支持对老年人康养旅游消费行为的影响,并分析心理资本与城乡差异的作用机制。通过问卷回收湘西州183份老年人旅游消费行为数据。实证分析结果表明,家庭代际支持正向影响老年人康养旅游消费行为,心理资本在代际支持对康养旅游消费行为的影响中发挥部分中介作用,城乡差异在其中发挥负向调节作用。研究结论对于老年人康养旅游市场开发与营销具有重要指导意义。     

人民币实际汇率的决定及其调整趋势研究

本文通过VAR模型证实了生产率、国内消费需求和国际收支状况等因素是人民币实际汇率的决定因素。虽然巴拉萨——萨缪尔森效应在我国存在,但是并不明显,我国长期以来的国内消费需求不足导致了人民币实际汇率的持续低估。在经济基本面因素不变的情况下,人民币仍将保持走低趋势,但是随着我国经济结构的优化升级、生产率的持续增长和国内消费需求的不断提高,人民币实际汇率将会趋于不断升值。     

中国黄金市场的基本框架及快速发展

中国黄金市场是一个新生的市场,2002年建立,2003年正式运营,在短短6年的时间内,从无到有、从小到大,已经成为一个集套期保值、投资、避险等金融功能为一体的、现代化的市场体系。2008年,中国黄金市场日均交易量名列全球第五位,成为世界最重要的黄金市场之一。黄金市场是金融市场的重要组成部分,金融市场的完整和稳定是货币政策顺利运行的基础。为了保证金融市场的健康发展和货币政策的有效性,近年来,中国人民银行为推动中国黄金市场发展做了大量工作。本文试分析中国黄金市场的基本框架、发展情况,以及未来发展方向。     

Tax competition, excludable public goods, and user charges

This paper provides an explanation for the increasing reliance on revenue from user charges on excludable public goods. We develop a model with many identical countries. The government of each country imposes a source-based tax on capital and supplies an excludable public good to heterogeneous households. Without tax competition, the price on the public good is zero. Tax competition induces each country to choose a positive price. The reliance on user charges turns out to be increasing in the intensity of tax competition measured by the number of countries. A coordinated decrease in user charges is shown to raise welfare in all countries.      

发展森林保险的政策研究

林业是国民经济的重要基础产业,也是为社会提供生态产品的重要公益事业,但是林业生产面临巨大的自然灾害风险。森林保险是重要的林业风险保障机制,但由于其准公共产品的性质和信息不对称等原因,森林保险在我国的发展历经曲折,严重滞后于林业发展对风险保障的巨大需求。通过对森林保险的经济学分析和对国外森林保险制度的研究和借鉴,本文认为建立政策性森林保险机制对于我国森林保险事业的发展具有重要的意义,并提出了相应的政策建议。     

腐败影响的宏观经济分析

文章首先将腐败引入Arrow-Kurz-Barro新古典生产函数,在Ramsey-Cass-Koopmans模型框架下,建立宏观经济动态模型,求解最优条件、讨论稳态均衡值的存在性和稳定性,并进行稳态比较的动态分析和短期分析。研究结果表明,贿赂水平的永久增加将减少稳态的资本积累,但对稳态消费的影响则呈现多种可能;短期贿赂水平变动对资本存量与消费水平的影响也呈现出多种可能性。     

消费体验理论评述

消费体验已成为消费行为学研究的前沿问题,消费体验研究集中于六大主题:体验型消费与功能型消费的区分、消费体验的维度构成、消费体验的管理理论、消费体验的管理执行工具、消费体验整合理论、消费体验实证。文章对消费体验进行总结与评述,指出消费体验研究未来的发展方向。     

Interactive effects of consumers’ ethical beliefs and authenticity on ethical consumption and pro-environmental behaviors

The current study examined the relationships of ethical beliefs (i.e., idealism and relativism) with pro-environmental behaviors (direct and indirect) and ethical consumption behavior. The study further examined the moderating role of consumer authenticity in these relationships. Data were collected from individuals (N = 302) using field surveys within three major metropolitan cities of Pakistan. The findings revealed that idealism had a positive relationship with ethical consumption behavior and pro-environmental direct behavior. However, it was not related to pro-environmental indirect behavior. Relativism was positively related to ethical consumption behavior but it was not related to both types of pro-environmental behaviors. Furthermore, consumer authenticity significantly moderated the relationships of idealism with all ethical outcomes. Finally, implications for organizations, marketers and policy makers are discussed.     

How power distance belief,self-construal,and relationship norms impact conspicuous consumption

Building on the idea that luxury products can signal the owner's status to others, this research elucidates how fundamental and pervasive social factors—power distance belief (PDB), self-construal, and relationship norms—dynamically impact consumers' preferences for conspicuous consumption. Through three experiments, we found that (1) high-PDB consumers are more likely to prefer conspicuous consumption compared to low-PDB consumers, and this effect is mediated by their need for status; (2) the relationship between PDB and conspicuous consumption is enhanced under interdependent self-construal, attenuated under independent self-construal, and mediated by consumers' need for status; (3) these effects are moderated by relationship norms, such that the positive effect of PDB on conspicuous consumption under interdependent self-construal is attenuated when communal relationships (vs. exchange relationships) are salient. Our conceptualization and findings contribute to the literature on the dynamics of individuals' status-related behavior in social psychology and related fields, and provide important practical applications for luxury businesses.