Modeling and optimizing the integrated problem of closed-loop supply chain network design and disassembly line balancing

This paper describes an integrated model that jointly optimizes the strategic and tactical decisions of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). The strategic level decisions relate to the amounts of goods flowing on the forward and reverse chains. The tactical level decisions concern balancing disassembly lines in the reverse chain. The objective is to minimize costs of transportation, purchasing, refurbishing, and operating the disassembly workstations. A nonlinear mixed integer programming formulation is described for the problem. Numerical examples are presented using the proposed model.     

Cooperatives, regulation and competition in Norwegian agriculture

This article analyses the efficiency of current market regulations and market structure in Norwegian agriculture. Based on their potential to coordinate farmers' supplies, large marketing cooperatives are assigned a market regulation role. However, market prices frequently tend to fall below target prices, spurring costly additional market regulations. This is not necessarily a result of inefficient coordination by the cooperative. Using a mixed market model, the study shows that over production may be explained by the competition between marketing cooperatives and investor-owned wholesalers (IOW), typically weakening the cooperatives' ability to coordinate market supply. This conclusion is robust over a variety of IOW contracts. However, to what extent competition is to blame, depends on the target price level and the contract structure of the IOW. Moreover, it is shown that current market interventions to remove excess supplies may induce further incentives to increase production.     

收缩性资本运营与我国企业发展

该文认为收缩性资本运营在我国企业发展中具有以下作用：它是多元化经营的企业回归主业的惟一途径，是上市公司经营活动的重要组成部分，为我国国有大中型企业的改制提供了一种新模式；然后提出推动我国企业收缩性资本运营的对策和建议：加强收缩性资本运营理论的研究，进一步完善资本市场，在适当的时候引入定向股技术，建立并完善配套的法律和财务会计制度。     

公开市场业务有效性的实证检验

本文选取了2004年～2006年我国公开市场操作中的央行7天正回购利率、三个月期央行票据发行利率和1年期央行票据发行利率,以及相对应时期的货币市场利率和中期国债利率,对其进行了统计分析、协整检验和因果关系检验,以此研究公开市场业务对我国市场利率的影响,研究我国公开市场业务的有效性和局限性.     

国有商业银行表外业务发展的现状与对策研究

改革开放以来，国有商业银行表外业务的发展取得了长足进步，但是范围还很狭窄，多以金融服务类业务为主，“或有类”业务较少，因此与西方发达国家商业银行相比差距十分明显。具体来说，存在表外业务收入占比偏低、创新能力不足、发展不平衡、管理不规范等问题，究其原因主要包括分业经营管理体制的约束、金融市场环境欠佳、市场交易主体不够成熟、银行体制改革滞后及专业人才与先进技术缺乏等。因此，国有商业银行大力发展表外业务必须深化金融体制改革、尽快实行混业经营制度。统筹规划、强化产品开发，加大科技投入和人才储备力度，实施有效市场营销策略，强化风险防范和金融监管。     

Prediction of the next hypercalcemia free period: application of random effect models with selection on first event

The length of repeated hypercalcemia free periods of patients with bone metastasis of breast cancer with at least one hypercalcemic event was modelled according to a generalized linear mixed model formulated in terms of transition probabilities and according to a latent variable model. In the former case the periods were assumed to be lognormally distributed with two variance components (patients and residue). In the latter case the conditional intensity given a patient was assumed to be the intensity of the Weibull distribution, while the random patient effect (frailty) was assumed to be drawn from a gamma distribution. In both cases the selection of only patients with at least one hypercalcemic event was taken into consideration. In both models the variance of the patient effect turned out to be negligible. For the second and later periods the Weibull appeared to fit better than the lognormal model. For the first period there was almost no information available.     

所有权与自然垄断产业规制——组合模式及选择

对于自然垄断产业采用何种所有权结构的规制模式,在理论研究与实践操作中都存在着多样化的选择。本文主要比较分析了民营外生规制、国有内生规制和混合所有权规制三种不同组合模式,并认为混合所有权规制模式较好地兼容了其他模式的优点,可以成为自然垄断产业改革与治理进程中的一个可取路径。欧盟国家自然垄断产业的改革经验,从实践上证明了混合所有权规制模式的可行性,尽管其也存在一定的局限性。同时,本文认为对于转型改革时期的中国,针对自然垄断行业的国有企业,可以考虑采用混合所有权规制模式的改革路径,通过股权开放的形式放松民营资本进入自然垄断产业的行业管制,并有效、平稳地建立起自然垄断产业规制体系。     

浅谈中国共产党在抗日战争中的中流砥柱作用

本文从中国共产党的阶级立场,对日作战方针,抗战期间的发展壮大以及从民主党派和社会认知度等方面对中国共产党是抗战的中流砥柱提出一点自己的看法,这对于在新时期提高党的执政理念具有重大的意义。     

国有股权参股与民营重污染企业绿色治理

由于生态环境投入的外部性和资本的逐利性,民营重污染企业的绿色治理是我国企业绿色治理的重点和难点.本文分析了国有股权参股对民营重污染企业绿色治理的影响机理,并以2008～2019年A股上市的民营重污染企业为研究样本进行了实证检验.研究发现,国有股权参股能够通过治理效应和资源效应促进民营重污染企业绿色治理;相对于污染风险较...     

基于村镇连锁经营龙头企业的投融资方式

文章介绍了作者本人通过问卷调查和实地走访所掌握的村镇连锁经营业主的资金状况,揭示了村镇连锁经营龙头企业面临投融资难这一问题,并对其产生的深层原因进行了分析,总结了国内目前不同地区和不同组织机构解决村镇连锁经营投融资问题的四种模式。