基于复合权重的科技成果立体式综合评价模型

传统的科技成果奖励评价模型只考虑了评价指标和评价项目两部分内容,而没有考虑专家权重因素,应用教育与心理测量理论中的信度系数建立专家权重,同时采用CRITIC法和理想点法构建了基于复合权重的科技成果立体式综合评价模型。研究表明,该模型能够较好地处理多指标、多因素的综合问题,能减少科技成果评价工作中人为操纵因素的影响,具有可操作性和实用性。     

改革开放30年我国科技人才战略与政策演变

研究了改革开放30年来中国科技人才战略与政策的演变历程。按照时间段的划分,中国科技人才战略与政策可分为3个阶段:1978—1991年,提出尊重知识,尊重人才的重要指导方针;1992—2001年,科技人事制度改革日益深化;2002年至目前,实施人才强国战略阶段。描述了每个阶段的背景、主要政策特点以及演变原因。     

东湖国家自主创新示范区“杠杆工程”建设研究

在分析东湖高新区自有的优势和问题、面临的机遇与挑战的基础上,依据"四三结构"模型细分了东湖国家自主创新示范区的定位与目标;运用"四三结构"模型的要素协同机理提出了东湖国家自主创新示范区建设的杠杆工程——重大专项工程、中小企业成长工程、"两化"融合工程;最后探讨了使"杠杆工程"付诸实施的关键措施。     

城市地理学研究新的领域思考

改革开放以来，由于国民经济的迅速发展，我国工业化、城市化的进程明显加快。从国情分析可知，我国的城市化出现了五种特有的现象，这为城市地理学的研究提供了广阔的平台。城市地理学在我国城市发展与城市化的重大问题研究上，长期以来取得了许多重要成果，理论方法上也有重大建树，成为人文科学与自然科学研究领域中最为活跃的一支生力军^①。文章从我国实际出发，提出了城市地理学研究的思维方法及其若干新的研究领域。     

Ecological Transfers in Non-Human Communities Parallel Economic Markets in a General Equilibrium Ecosystem Model

Synopsis: The oft-cited analogies between ecological and economic systems are exploited to develop a many-species model of population dynamics. In economies, markets are the fundamental institutions in which the interaction of demands and supplies determine the quantities and prices of goods. However, economic markets are not appropriate for ecological communities, because markets rely on voluntary exchange, whereas plants and animals engage in involuntary transfers of biomass. A properly defined counterpart to markets based on biomass transfers permits a general equilibrium model of predator/prey and competitive interactions in a many-species community. Functional response from optimal foraging and predation risk provide the demand and supply, respectively, in the biomass transfers. Energy per unit time is scarce and predators and prey make optimum choices with respect to functional response and risk avoidance based on required energy expenditures. The energy expenditures are similar to economic prices: they determine foraging strategies and are beyond the control of the predators and prey, yet they are determined by the aggregate choices of all predators and prey and by population densities. The energies acquired from foraging are used in a new way to construct difference equations that determine the population dynamics. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

论农业可持续发展的科技创新机制

２１世纪的农业必然是可持续农业,如何促使常规农业向可持续方向发展,是当前学术界探讨的热门问题。本文从我国基本国情出发,提出实现我国农业可持椟发展必须依靠科技创新,并在这一基础上,探讨我国农业可持续发展的创新机制及其建立方式。     

商业银行流动性过剩问题的再认识

最近,学术界对商业银行流动性问题议论颇多,议论的焦点是银行的流动性过剩及由此引发的种种后果.本文基于既往研究中值得深思的四个问题,从商业银行超额储备构成出发对流动性过剩的内涵、判断标准及影响因素进行界定,以商业银行保持流动性成因的微观视角管窥我国商业银行流动性过剩问题.在此基础上,本文认为商业银行流动性过剩问题的解决与资本市场的发展并无必然的直接联系,并针对流动性过剩问题的不同形成原因提出了相应的几点看法.     

Outsiders' threat and consecutive offers

Summary. We study the effects of outsiders' threat and consecutive offers in the two-person bargaining model of Shaked and Sutton (1984). In our first model, there are no outsiders and the firm can make two consecutive offers for every given number of periods. Our first model has the same unique equilibrium as in Shaked and Sutton (1984). In our second model, the firm can switch between rival partners but cannot change the alternating proposing sequence. Our second model has the same perfect equilibrium as in Rubinstein (1982). So the key factor that leads to the equilibrium of Shaked and Sutton (1984) is the possibility of firm's consecutive offers, not the outsiders' threat. Received: 23 December 1998; revised version: 21 May 1999     

国家科技奖励与研究型大学建设

通过分析国家科技奖励的发展趋向,阐述了国家科技奖励对研究型大学的重要影响,进而提出了适应国家科技奖励制度、促进研究型大学发展的一些观点。     

江苏省人才与产业转型发展互动关系研究

以江苏省为例,在梳理相关文献的基础上,运用规范与实证、定性与定量相结合的分析方法,对人才与产业转型升级之间的互动关系进行研究,揭示两者之间显著的互动关系,并根据分析结果,提出促进人才和产业协同发展的对策与建议。