农业与非农业地租的动态均衡分析

地租是马克思主义经济学中最富争议的问题之一。马克思的地租模型是特定历史条件下的产物,相对较低的农业资本有机构成和地权流转等因素一旦发生变化,马克思地租模型的结论便需要重新审视,而且马克思地租模型缺乏对非农用地地租问题的系统分析,可以说马克思的地租模型是一个局部的、静态的均衡分析。本文在坚持劳动价值论和生产价格理论的基础上,运用动态的一般均衡分析工具,把剩余价值、资本有机构成、地权流转等变量内生化,试图建立起关于农业和非农业绝对地租与级差地租的一般分析框架。     

我国各区域农业生产资源配置效率分析

本文运用数据包络分析法测算了我国各区域农业经济的投入产出效率,指出目前我国各省市农业经济资源配置效率差异较大,其中人均化肥施用量对全国大多数省市农业劳动生产率都是最重要的,这种生产方式属于典型的“化肥农业”,并由此引发了一系列问题。文章认为,制度创新可以再造农业经济主体之间的相互关系,减少信息成本和不确定性,降低交易成本,提高生产要素配置效率,从而促进农业经济快速增长;在制度创新先行的前提下,实现农业经济组织创新与制度创新、知识创新的互动,是转变“化肥农业”生产方式,走可持续的新型农业发展道路的关键所在。     

企业网络位置、关系强度与技术创新绩效——以OLED产业为例

基于Derwent数据库2014—2020年OLED产业的专利数据,提取269家企业的联合申请专利数据构建合作创新网络,实证分析企业所处的网络位置对技术创新绩效的影响机制,提出并检验关系强度的调节作用。研究结果表明:企业网络位置的程度中心度、接近中心度和中介中心度均对技术创新绩效具有显著正向影响;关系强度对网络位置与技术创新绩效之间的关系具有显著正向调节作用,其中,关系强度对接近中心度与技术创新绩效的调节作用弱于程度中心度和中介中心度对技术创新绩效的调节作用。     

有机波谱分析课程教学改革的探索与实践

简要介绍了有机波谱分析课程的教学内容、目的、任务及应用,重点介绍了:①有机波谱分析课程教学内容的改革;②有机波谱分析课程教学方法的改进;③识谱解谱是学生学习的核心;④有机波谱分析课程教学模式的改革。     

在有机化学实验教学改革中贯穿学生创新能力培养的探索与实践

介绍了在有机化学实验教学改革中贯穿学生创新能力培养的实践。详细阐述了通过有机化学实验教学方法改革、增加综合实验、设计实验、开放实验等改革措施,从而提高了学生的创新能力和初步科研能力。     

Consumer Preferences for ‘Localness’ and Organic Food Production

While organic food is based on well-defined production criteria, the criteria for ‘local’ food are less clear. This study investigates the preferences and trade-offs of distinct consumer segments relative to organic production and several dimensions of local food (sales channel, size of company, and geographical location of animals used in the production). The analysis is based on a quantitative survey of 505 Danish consumers and a choice experiment involving beef salami. Data were analyzed in a principal component and a latent class analysis. We identify five consumer segments whose preferences for organic and local product attributes differed substantially. Most respondents considered geographical proximity in the raising of cattle to be the most important attribute and a third of the consumers were willing to pay a premium for organic salami. The segmentation provides more detailed information about stated consumer behavior than what is typically elicited when considering only average consumer behavior.     

The Impact of Sustainability Aspects in the Meat Sector: A Cluster Analysis Based on Consumer Attitudes and Store Format Choice

Several consumer studies have shown considerable market potential for sustainable meat products, however, their markets shares are still marginal. In Germany, the sustainable aspects “organic,” “local origin,” and “animal welfare” are of special interest. To obtain a precise overview of potential target groups for these meat categories and their choice of store format, 620 German consumers were surveyed on their attitudes toward sustainable meat production and their shopping behavior. First, target groups based on consumers’ attitudes were identified by cluster analysis, taking into account possible overlaps. Consumers were also clustered by their store format choice and their preferred type of meat packaging. A cross tabulation of the results then provided insights into which store format and type of meat packaging is preferred by the target groups for sustainable meat products. Due to overlaps found in the target groups, the existence of important subgroups was shown. Amongst the target groups, only a slight preference for unpackaged meat products was found. Basically, the offer of sustainable meat products appears of interest for all store formats, with particular emphasis on supermarkets. The results of this study can support producers and retailers developing new and tailored marketing strategies for sustainable meat products.     

城市有机生活垃圾厌氧发酵前景广阔

采用厌氧发酵技术处理城市有机生活垃圾是较其它处理方法更具优势的处理方式.既能有效地减少垃圾污染,又可以产生很好的经济效益和巨大的环境效益.这种垃圾处理方式值得应用和推广.