Monetary–fiscal policy interactions and fiscal stimulus

Increases in government spending trigger substitution effects—both inter- and intra-temporal—and a wealth effect. The ultimate impacts on the economy hinge on current and expected monetary and fiscal policy behavior. Studies that impose active monetary policy and passive fiscal policy typically find that government consumption crowds out private consumption: higher future taxes create a strong negative wealth effect, while the active monetary response increases the real interest rate. This paper estimates Markov-switching policy rules for the United States and finds that monetary and fiscal policies fluctuate between active and passive behavior. When the estimated joint policy process is imposed on a conventional new Keynesian model, government spending generates positive consumption multipliers in some policy regimes and in simulated data in which all policy regimes are realized. The paper reports the model's predictions of the macroeconomic impacts of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act's implied path for government spending under alternative monetary–fiscal policy combinations.     

SEO领导风格对绩效影响的研究——基于创业导向视角的实证分析

近些年,采用创新方法解决社会问题的社会创业组织(SEO)不断在全球兴起,并引起国内外社会科学有关学者们的关注和研究兴趣.其中,社会创业组织领导风格对SEO价值创造过程以及绩效的影响问题成为重要的研究课题之一.目前,国外在这一方面的研究取得初步成效.但是,在中国,该方面的实际研究处于空白.本文研究试图对此做一些弥补:一方面以Covin和Slevin(1991)开发的量表为基础,再借鉴H.Morris(2011)对创新性、超前行动和风险承担在社会创业情境下的界定,对创业导向的测量题项进行了修订,以反映社会创业与传统创业相区别的特征;另一方面,选取中国开展社会创业一年以上的个体或非营利组织为研究对象与样本开展中国本土化的实证研究.本研究发现,变革型领导对创新、风险承担和超前行动三个变量具有积极影响,以及创新和超前行动与社会创业组织绩效具有正向关系.     

江苏省医药产业竞争力比较分析与策略探讨

江苏省是中国医药经济比较发达的省份之一,在全国医药经济中占有重要地位。近年来,江苏医药产业保持快速发展势头,但同时也暴露出创新能力、人力资源和产业集中度等方面的问题。对江苏省医药产业的发展状况分析的基础上。选取主要竞争力评价指标对江苏省和中国一些重点省市医药产业的竞争力进行比较分析,针对性地提出提升江苏医药产业竞争力的对策建议。     

Limits to creative destruction and technologies in practice: the case of ham radio

Drawing on the structurationist notion of ‘technologies-in-practice’, this article analyses the different types of technological actions that users perform, after technological change, in order to keep a declining technology alive over time. The research question of the article is: How do technologies-in-practice based on the application of new technology hamper the creative destruction of old technology? The case study of ham radio technology and amateur radio operators is explored. The results of the investigation support the development of a technology-in-practice ‘experimentation’ and four inductive research propositions.     

Offset carbon emissions or pay a price premium for avoiding them? A cross-country analysis of motives for climate protection activities

This article contributes to the economic literature on pure and impure public goods by considering two alternatives for contributing to the public good climate protection: offsetting carbon emissions from conventional consumption or paying higher prices for climate-friendly products. We empirically examine a wide range of motives and their impact on individuals’ choice in favour of these two alternatives relying on data from representative international surveys. Our results indicate that environmental awareness, warm glow motives and the desire to set a good example have the most robust effects on both climate protection activities in Germany and the United States. However, some motives differ considerably between both alternatives and the two countries. A green identity enhances the willingness to pay a price premium for climate-friendly goods or services in Germany, while social norms seem to be of much higher relevance in the United States. Our results further suggest that the choice of climate protection activities, especially of carbon offsetting, entails a high degree of uncertainty.     

组织中的破坏性领导理论与启示

组织中领导权力的滥用和不当领导行为所导致的严重后果引起了人们对破坏性领导的关注。破坏性领导是指领导者反复表现出来的伤害组织成员、损害组织利益的行为。本文首先介绍了破坏性领导的内涵与结构,接着分析了破坏性领导产生的原因,并指出了破坏性领导的影响后果及应对破坏性领导的策略,最后,探讨了该理论的启示意义以及需进一步关注和研究的问题。     

The Early Careers Of Engineers And The Accumulation Of Skills In The Canadian Economy

In this paper we use world cycling records to study the pattern of technological development of the track bicycle. We find that there is a strong evidence of ‘contagious’ effects among cycling records which in turn provides indirect evidence of ‘contagious’ effects among technological innovations. Interestingly, the ‘contagiousness’ of records is not a salient characteristic of track and field competitions where, arguably, technology plays a smaller role.     

组织与环境的共同演化——以丰田汽车公司为例

伴随着企业生存环境的日益恶化,组织与环境共同演化理论正在成为当前研究的热点议题。然而案例和实证研究的不足导致这一理论至今仍难以有效指导企业的实践。本文基于共同演化视角深入分析了丰田汽车公司组织与环境的关系,研究思路沿着＂组织环境—组织战略—组织体制＂三个基本维度展开。环境分析包括技术环境、市场环境、文化环境三个方面。战略分析侧重联盟战略及低成本和差异化的完美结合。组织体制分析关注以相互持股和资产专用性为治理机制、以下包制为特征的垂直系列体制,以准时生产制、高生产率和多任务能力、柔性生产体系、全面质量控制能力为特征的精益生产体制。本研究旨在为我国企业动态把握企业与环境的关系,提高企业应对环境变化的能力提供借鉴。     

Analysis on the Management of Suppliers＇ Purchasing Partnership

This paper is about the study of purchasing cooperation with the supplier. It is through expanding some courses including demand analysis, choosing supplier, founding cooperation relationship formally and strengthening the cooperation, as well as several key questions, such as sourcing strategy, to estimate and select the supplier, authentication management, and purchase of technology.     

Endogenous structural change and crisis in a multiple time-scales growth model

The slow and endogenous twist of economic macro-structure makes up an important evolutionary feature of capitalist economies, and may be at the root of structural crisis. In this line, a Goodwinian growth model with increasing returns and profit-sharing that tries to picture a simple scenario of the seventies crisis is considered. It is shown that the exhaustion of the Kaldor-Verdoorn “productivity law” can entail, in a nonlinear framework, a “catastrophic” bifurcation from a “high” to a “low” growth path. Slow/fast dynamical systems then allow one to formalize a multiple time-scales dynamics where the growth path is shaped by the structural framework in which it takes place, but has also a long -un feedback. Structural change and crisis appear as long term and endogenous outcomes.