我国农村留守儿童的社会成因及对策

农村留守儿童问题不仅是教育方面的问题,而且更是一个重大的社会问题.农村留守儿童的"留守"只是一种暂时的社会病理现象,它主要是在社会制度缺陷、社会经济条件的制约和城乡文化差异的影响下出现的.我们应该从社会制度创新、改善留守儿童家庭经济环境和融合城乡文化等方面着手,从根本上解决农村留守儿童问题.     

民营上市公司“出身”、政治关系与债务融资

民营企业的政治关系作为一种有效的外部履约机制的替代,能够在一定程度上改善银企关系,缓解民营企业的融资约束。本文以2005～2009年的民营上市公司为样本,从民营上市公司的出身及在企业面临金融危机的条件入手,分析了民营上市公司的政治关系对融资的影响。研究发现,政治关系对民营上市公司的融资影响更多是体现在直接上市的民营公司上,有政治关系的直接上市的民营公司不仅能获得更多的融资,而且降低了银行对其融资的盈利要求。发生金融危机后,银行对企业融资的资产抵押要求更高,有政治关系的直接上市的民营公司更容易取得银行的支持,获得银行借款。本文的研究有助于理解企业政治关系对企业行为的影响。     

论中国“人的发展经济学”研究的历史和现状

文章从两个方面论述介绍中国关于对“人的发展经济学”研究的状况：一是中国古代有关人的发展经济思想的渊源;二是中国当代经济学家对人的发展经济学的研究。文章指出,需要越来越多的经济学家和经济学者来研究人的发展经济学、早日建立起具有中国特色的人的发展经济学,从而为在这一领域紧跟国际学术的前沿和进入国际上“人的发展经济学”学术研究的前列、为人的发展经济学这门科学的发展作出贡献。     

Advancing the country image construct: Reply to Samiee's (2009) commentary

This article responds to the issues Samiee (2010-this issue) raises in his recent comment on Roth and Diamantopoulos (2009). The overall focus of the criticism (Samiee, 2010-this issue) on the missing critical considerations of the study is somewhat surprising. Samiee (2010-this issue) criticizes Roth and Diamantopoulos (2009) not on what they did but on what they did not do. Such criticism would, at least in principle, be justifiable if directed at omissions that are directly relevant to the core construct of Roth and Diamantopoulos' (2009) paper, namely the country image (CoI) construct. However, most of the critical issues Samiee (2010-this issue) raises apply to research on country-of-origin (CoO) effects in general and not to Roth and Diamantopoulos' (2009) study that provides concrete guidelines on how to conceptualize and operationalize CoI in future research. This response first highlights how Roth and Diamantopoulos' (2009) study, centering on the CoI construct, differs from studies on the CoO effect. The article then directly addresses the specific critical issues Samiee (2010-this issue) raises and also discusses the relevance of CoI and CoO research. The paper concludes by suggesting that, while demanding rigor in CoO and CoI research is indeed timely and important, completely rejecting this research stream is both premature and unwise.     

What factors determine dividend smoothing by US and EU banks?

Using a relatively large sample of European and US banks for the period 1998–2016, we investigate the determinants of bank dividend smoothing based on agency, asymmetric information and risk‐shifting theories. We show that dividend payout ratio smoothing practices were implemented on both continents before and after the crisis of 2007 and were more strongly pronounced for EU banks. Our findings mostly support agency‐based explanations of bank dividend behavior as evidenced by higher payout ratio smoothing for banks with higher (initial) dividend payouts, lower ownership concentration, public banks, and banks with lower growth opportunities and weaker investor protection. Evidence in favor of asymmetric information explanations is stronger for EU countries, where smaller (more opaque) banks appear to smooth more. In both continents, banks that rely more heavily on equity issuances are found to smooth dividend payout ratios more, suggesting that banks aim at improving access to equity markets. We also provide evidence in support of risk‐shifting, as evidenced by the persistence of dividend payout ratio smoothing in the crisis years and higher dividend smoothing for banks under greater regulatory pressure. Additional analysis using a time series partial adjustment model for dividend levels provides evidence supporting the prevalence of dividend smoothing and the suggested theoretical explanations.     

山西与丝绸之路——兼论山西在"一带一路"发展战略中的地位与对策

丝绸之路,是中国古代一条横贯亚欧大陆,联接中外世界,贯通东西方文明的重要国际通道. 山西自古以来就是中原农耕文明与草原游牧文明的联接带,也曾是丝绸的重要产地和丝绸之路的东源地. 历史上山西与丝绸之路有密切关联,特别是魏晋北朝时期,山西成为东西方文化、艺术、物资交流的交通战略通道. 北魏定都平城的近100年间,大同更是全国的政治、文化中心,有大批的中亚使节、商旅、僧人往返于丝绸之路与平城之间. 云冈石窟文化、五台山佛教文化便是陆上丝路传承中印佛教文化交流的铁证. 明清晋商率先开拓的万里国际茶叶之路则是与汉唐宋元的丝绸之路一脉相承. 当今,山西更应以5000年悠久的历史、文化、艺术积淀,再铸"一带一路"新的辉煌.     

Functional and Social Value of Chinese Brands

An increasing popularity of Chinese brands around the world suggests that Chinese brands are beginning to overcome unfavorable country-of-origin (COO) effects. However, whether the perception of the functional and/or the social value of Chinese brands has improved remains unclear. Based on the theory of reasoned action, this study develops a theoretical framework to explain how consumers' perceptions of functional and social attributes affect purchase intentions of Chinese brands. Survey data were collected from an individualistic (US) and a collectivistic (Mexico) country. Results show that perceptions of functional value antecede attitudes towards the brand while perceptions of social value antecede social norms. The effect of social norms on purchase intention is stronger in the US than in Mexico. Recommendations for managers of Chinese brands, and brands from other emerging markets, are provided.     

The Moderating Role of Country of Origin on Brand Equity,Repeat Purchase Intentions,and Word of Mouth in Trinidad and Tobago

Brand equity has emerged as a critical aspect of marketing, but its effect on consumer behavioral intentions from a developing country perspective has not been sufficiently examined. This study proposes that country of origin and product type will moderate the relationships between brand equity, consumer repeat purchase intentions, and word of mouth. Data were collected from 157 customers and analyzed with regression analysis. Our results confirm the moderating role of COO such that favorable COO weakens the impact of brand equity on consumers' behavioral intentions. Product type was not significant. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are presented as well as the limitations, and future research opportunities are discussed.     

汉语词缀“性”及其英译

由后缀"性"构成的词汇在现代汉语中使用非常广泛。这类词表义简洁、使用经济、功能多样。翻译时应结合句子结构和意义,采用直译和意译相结合再现汉语意义。