区位商视角下的河北省产业集群发展研究——以工业六大支柱产业为对象

河北经济的迅速发展是建立在重工业发展的基础上的,重工业由于其自身的特点,在发展过程中容易并且能够形成产业集群。以区位商为视角来研究河北省产业集群的发展程度,发现其发展不平衡的原因有政府干预多、产业结构不合理、企业创新能力差,应规范政府在产业集群成长和发展中的作用,制定企业兼并、联合政策,优化产业组织结构,加强产学研结合,进一步提高科技创新能力。     

人本管理的产生及其在科学管理中的作用

企业文化是一种现代企业管理理论,就是以人的管理为中心,把员工积极性充分调动起来,科学地组织起来,以提高经济效益和社会效益为目的的整体管理方式,它应以人为主体,以价值为核心,以文化为引导,以规章制度为保证,并且突出鲜明的个性。     

长江经济带中三角地区农业结构的分析与优化对策

[目的]从宏观、中观和微观3个层面深入分析长江经济带中三角地区湖北、湖南和江西3省的农业产业结构及其各产业差异性和相对优势及其竞争力。[方法]在宏观层面运用了传统的基尼系数分析3个省份历史发展上的地区经济水平差异,判断3个地区经济发展是否存在虹吸效应;从中观层面运用区位熵指数分析法分析区域农业产业结构,从农畜林渔等方面判断各区域产业专业化水平程度;从微观层面运用偏离—份额分析法(SSM)分离出3个地区的各部门产业的优势及其竞争力。[结果]区域内的经济差异变化呈不断增大的趋势,基尼系数不断扩大;湖北的种植业、渔业和农林牧渔服务业,湖南的种植业、林业、畜牧业和农林牧渔服务业,江西的林业、渔业都较中三角地区对应的子产业的区位熵指数高;江西木材和竹加工业和烟草业具有较大的产业竞争优势,湖北的茶叶、水产和瓜果疏菜产业优势明显,湖南地区农业产业综合优势主要在于烟草、水果、肉类以及木材和竹类加工业。[结论]通过比较地区农业产业竞争优势,提出发展地区产业特色,合理布局全域农业产业,提高农产品附加收益,稳固对结构优化的资金支持等对策建议。     

京津冀地区农产品集聚及时空演变特征

［目的］基于1980—2015分5年1期的京津冀地区各县市播种总面积,以及14类农产品播种面积、产量等数据。研究京津冀地区各农产品的集聚程度、集聚结构稳定性以及集聚的空间分布与转移,为政府因地制宜地制定农业政策,农产品加工企业的选址提供数据支持与参考。［方法］综合运用区位商、基尼系数、产业集中率以及重心分析法,分析京津冀地区农业生产的地理集聚和时空演变特征。［结果］（1）稻谷、大豆、薯类、棉花、果园、水产和禽蛋的集聚度在不断地增强; 小麦、玉米、油料、肉类和林业的集聚度保持相对稳定; 蔬菜和牛奶的集聚度在不断地降低。（2）SQ与Q>1两者总体呈反向变化,即Q>1的值减小,农作物SQ值增加,集聚程度增强;Q>1的值增加,农作物SQ值减小,集聚程度降低。（3）不同行业农产品的集聚度高低为：水产业>林业>畜牧业>经济作物（含蔬菜和果园）>粮食作物,且经济作物和粮食作物的集聚度在不断的增强。（4）各农产品的生产结构稳定性大小排列：玉米>水产>小麦>蔬菜>果园>稻谷>牛奶>大豆>肉类>薯类>油料>林产品>棉花>禽蛋。［结论］京津冀地区农产品集聚度总体在提高,少数农产品的集聚度在降低; 各农产品生产重心总体朝着京津冀外围转移。     

吉林省文化创意产业规模、结构的时空分布和趋势——基于信息熵和区位熵的分析

文化创意产业已成为世界各国竞相发展的朝阳产业,对于区域转变经济增长方式、提升城市核心竞争力具有重要的实践意义。当前吉林省文化创意产业增加值以递增速度增加,法人单位、营业收入和从业人员比重增大,但是内部发展不平衡。1998年到2009年吉林省文化创意产业发展经历了三个阶段,并呈现一定收敛趋势,文化创意产业几个典型行业出现了一定的集聚,产业优势比较突出,但是由于行业发展的非均衡性导致了内部产业优势存在差异。     

南贵昆经济区产业分工与合作研究

南贵昆经济区是西部大开发总体规划的重点区域之一。通过产业的分工与合作,建立具有全国地域分工意义的特色产业体系是南贵昆经济区开发的重要内容。本文在对优势产业选择基准、产业比较优势、产业竞争优势分析的基础上,从实证角度研究南贵昆经济区产业分工与合作存在的问题及实现机理。     

复瑞利商的驻值性质

本文将实瑞利商推广成复数瑞利商。证明了复瑞利商同实瑞利商一样,也有驻值性质,并指出这种驻值性质的应用.     

The economic impacts of river rehabilitation: A regional Input-Output analysis

We developed a model to predict the impacts of river rehabilitation activities on the local economy. The model is based on the Input-Output analysis technique and was applied to the planned rehabilitation project for the River Thur in northern Switzerland, along the 4 km stretch between the communities of Bürglen and Weinfelden. We estimated changes in local employment and local economic output resulting from government spending on rehabilitation, associated changes in adjacent land use, and increased recreational activity. Accounting for land use changes required a modification of the conventional Input-Output analysis technique which should be of general interest. We accounted for uncertainty in the data and in some of the model assumptions by using a probabilistic formulation and propagating uncertainty through the model equations. As time-consuming local surveys were beyond the scope of this study, we used the Location Quotient non-survey technique to construct the local technical coefficients from national data and local employment data. This implies that the model can be applied quite easily to a different study area in Switzerland as long as local employment data are available. For each CHF 1 million expenditure per year on rehabilitation activities in our study region, we estimate an extra 8 fulltime employment equivalents (standard deviation, σ = 0.4 fte) and an increased output of CHF 1.4 million (σ = CHF 0.05 million). The low uncertainty of these estimates can be partly attributed to the structure of Input-Output analysis and partly to the fact that we estimated changes in the economic output, rather than output itself. In addition to the above impacts, we estimate that increased recreational use of the area will increase output by as much as CHF 0.17 million (σ = CHF 0.12 million) and employment by as much as 1.7 fulltime employment equivalents (σ = 1.3 fte), depending on the specific rehabilitation option selected.     

基于产业结构的柳州物流发展研究

从产业的角度,运用区位商分析柳州的物流需求构成、物流流向和主要的物流环节,为柳州城市物流发展进行目标定位,并依据目标定位提出相应发展对策。     

How psychic distance and opportunity perceptions affect entrepreneurial firm internationalization

Psychic distance, now established as an individual perceptual construct, is so far a partial explanation of internationalization processes of entrepreneurial firms. Opportunity in foreign markets, although considered important, has hitherto been an assumption rather than explored as an explanatory factor in internationalization theories. Through qualitative data from technology entrepreneurs from New Zealand this study considers opportunity, like psychic distance, as an individual perceptual construct and posits that a combination of opportunity and psychic distance perceptions better explains entrepreneurial internationalization action/intention decisions. The explicit combination proposed is “opportunity‐distance quotient” and signifies a shift from psychic distance obstacles based explanations to an opportunity‐psychic distance interaction based exploration of entrepreneurial internationalization. Limitations of the study and further research are discussed. Copyright © 2018 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.