养老基金参与风险投资问题探讨

本结合中外风险投资的融资现状，指出了一国的金融体制对其风险投资发展具有重要的影响，讨论了养老基金参与英美风险投资业的原因，得出了养老基金是风险投资的天然资本供给以及我国的养老基金必将成为我国风险投资业的主要投资的结论。     

Gradual Retirement: Preferences and Limitations

In the traditional retirement scenario, individuals work full-time or part-time until a given age, and then stop working abruptly. From the individual’s point of view, it seems more attractive to have a smooth transition, with gradual retirement. In Sweden and other European countries, specific gradual retirement programs have been created in the past 20 years, first in combination with early retirement programs and later to increase labour market participation of older workers. This paper surveys the existing literature on gradual retirement in the US and Europe and analyzes the relevance of gradual retirement in the Netherlands as a tool to keep people employed longer.      

北京市企业退休人员基本养老金替代率问题调研报告

基本养老金替代率是养老保障制度的重要内容，是国际劳工组织评价世界各国社会保障状况的重要指标之一。北京市基本养老金替代率低于全国水平，并呈现下降的趋势，研究设定目标替代率有重要现实意义。为保证目标替代率的实现，政府应从多方面完善养老保险的法规和政策。     

基于改进层次分析法的相控阵雷达维修质量评价模型

现有的武器装备维修质量评定标准存在评价指标较为笼统、评价方法不能准确刻画指标的模糊性和随机性以及需要进行一致性检验等问题,已很难有效地对相控阵雷达的维修质量进行综合评价。为解决上述问题,通过对层次分析法进行改进,提出了一种新的相控阵雷达维修质量的综合评价方法。首先,结合相控阵雷达的特点,建立了维修质量评价指标体系,分析了各项指标的含义;然后,基于0.1～0.9标度法和云模型理论,提出一种改进的层次分析法,并给出了具体的方法步骤;最后,通过算例分析与比较,验证了构建的指标体系和提出的评价方法的有效性。     

集中式MIMO雷达与相控阵雷达干扰抑制性能对比

针对传统相控阵雷达与集中式多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的干扰抑制性能优劣问题,对集中式MIMO雷达与相控阵雷达的信干噪比和改善因子进行了对比分析,从理论上研究了两种体制雷达的干扰抑制能力并进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明,与传统相控阵雷达相比,集中式MIMO雷达通过提升信干噪比输出增强了干扰抑制能力。     

The caregiving responsibilities of retirees: what are they and how do they affect retirees’ well-being?

Using data from the 2010 and 2012 American Time Use Surveys (ATUS) and the associated Well-being Modules (WBM), this article examines how caregiving affects the well-being of retirees who are caregivers. Different caregiving activities are examined, including caring for household adults, caring for non-household adults, and caring for children. Different aspects of well-being are examined, including how meaningful respondents find their activities and how happy, sad, tired, in pain, and stressed their activities make them. The results show that, controlling for selection into caregiving, most caregiving negatively affects the well-being of retirees. This suggests that policies that remove some of the caregiving burden from retirees would increase their well-being.     

退休年龄选择机理：基于人力资本与社会保障的视角

近年来,延长退休年龄问题日益成为社会和学界的热点话题。本文从我国人口老龄化社会的到来并渐近达到峰值谈起,指出人口老龄化趋势、人均寿命的延长以及我国人口平均人力资本存量的不断增加要求我们实行延迟退休制度。     

平面近场诊断在相控阵天线通道幅相性能测试中的应用

传统的平面近场诊断在通道测试时由于互耦,得到的检测值为所有通道叠加的结果,不利于单个通道信息的提取。为了去除互耦,提出了矢量旋转和近场口面诊断相结合的方法,理论上能实现对相控天线单个单元的幅度相位的检测。对该方法进行误差分析,得到了各个误差源对该方法的影响大小。通过实验验证,证明了该方法有效地减小了互耦影响,能提取单个通道的近场、远场信息,并能为相控阵天线通道校准和故障检测提供有效的手段。     

一种全空域电扫球面相控阵单脉冲角跟踪方法

针对目前全空域球面相控阵测控系统在过顶跟踪时存在跟踪性能下降的问题,对角跟踪系统进行建模分析,得出了常规角跟踪系统过顶性能下降原因,提出了一种基于三维直角坐标系表示的方向矢量角跟踪方法。该方法通过优化角跟踪系统架构,设计合适的角跟踪环路滤波器参数,能够避免常规角跟踪方法跟踪变量的非线性转化,从而实现对全空域无盲区稳定跟踪。仿真验证显示该方法在全空域均有很好的跟踪性能,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

Voting on Pensions with Endogenous Retirement Age

It is often argued that the observed trend towards early retirement is due mainly to the implicit tax imposed on continued activity of elderly workers. We study the relevance of such a distortion in a political economy model with endogenous age of retirement. The setting is a two-period overlapping generations model. Individuals differ in their productivity. In the first period they work a fixed amount of time; in the second, they choose when to retire and then receive a flat rate pension benefit. Pensions are financed by a payroll tax on earnings in the first and in the second period of life. Such a tax is non distortionary in the first period; it is distortionary in the second period. We allow for some rebating of the second period tax. Individuals vote on the level of the payroll tax given the rebate which can range from 0 (biased system) to 100% (neutral system). We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of a voting equilibrium and study its properties. Under these conditions, high tax rates are supported by all the old and by low productivity young individuals. We show that the pivotal voter is a young individual. The number of young individuals who have higher wage than the pivotal voter equals half the total population. We also show that the introduction of a bias increases the political support for the pension system. Finally, we study the simultaneous determination of the bias and the tax rate through a voting procedure and show that the equilibrium (if any) implies a bias which is always positive and may or not be larger than one.