中国农村人口老龄化的趋势、影响与应对

中国农村人口老龄化具有程度高于城镇、速度快于城镇、地区差异大于城镇、老年人口多于城镇等特征,应对农村人口老龄化更为急迫,任务也更为艰巨。未来中国农村人口老龄化将继续发展,并表现出明显的阶段性特征：2010—2020年为快速发展阶段,是应对农村人口老龄化的战略机遇期;2021—2034年为高速发展阶段,是应对农村人口老龄化的关键时期;2035—2050年为高位发展阶段,是应对人口老龄化的常态化时期。农村人口老龄化将对农村劳动力供给、经济发展、社会保障制度风险、养老服务需求等产生深远影响。必须高度重视应对农村人口老龄化,加大对农业、农村的投入,积极推进农业现代化;加快户籍制度改革,减缓农村人口老龄化进程;完善农村社会保障体系和农村社会服务体系,促进城乡社会保障和服务一体化。     

城镇企业职工养老保险基金支付能力测算模型的构建——基于“渐进式”延迟退休年龄策略的研究

应用社会保险精算方法和技术,以现行的社会养老保险政策为导向,重点考虑"渐进式"延迟退休因素,构建养老保险基金收支测算模型。并在此基础上推导出养老保险基金支付能力测算模型,以期对养老金失衡风险和支付能力危机进行及时预测,为养老保险政策的调整和完善提供依据。     

A Few Bad Apples? Scandalous Behavior of Mutual Fund Managers

Recent scandals in the business world have intensified the demand for an explanation of the causes of corporate wrongdoing. This study empirically tests the effects of mutual fund management fees and control structures on the likelihood of illegal activity within mutual fund organizations. Specific attention is given to the presence of agency duality issues in the mutual fund industry and how this influences the motivations and decisions of fund managers. Findings provide support for the hypothesized relationship that higher levels of management fees decrease the likelihood of illegal behavior. Additionally, control of the mutual fund by external management is found to have a negative impact on the likelihood of illegal activity while also acting as a moderator of the management fee-illegal behavior relationship. Justin Davis is an Assistant Professor of Strategic Management at Ohio University and Doctoral Candidate at The University of Texas at Arlington. His primary research interests include firm-level entrepreneurship, agency issues in corporate governance, and venture capital investment. Dr. G. Tyge Payne is an Assistant Professor of Strategic Management in the Jerry S. Rawls College of Business at Texas Tech University. His primary research interests include organization-environment fit/misfit, firm-level and corporate enterpreneurship; dual agency issues, and interorganizational relationships. Dr. Gary C. McMahan is an Associate Professor of Management and Coordinator of the Ph.D. Program in Management at The University of Texas at Arlington. His research interests include the strategic role of human resources in organizations and corporate governance and ethics in financial services institutions. He has published over 40 articles, monographs, proceedings, and book chapters.     

论我国养老型酒店的发展

迅猛而来的人口老龄化给政府和社会带来了严峻挑战,对我国酒店业的发展产生了深远影响。不断壮大的老年消费群体以及各级政府对涉老行业的政策扶持为养老型酒店这一新型业态的发展提供了机遇。但不得不承认,我国养老型酒店面临着市场尚未完全形成、服务与管理人才匮乏等因素的制约。从养老型酒店应具备的设施、服务标准及服务管理人才等方面进行探讨,以期促进整个酒店行业的转型。     

居家养老型住宅改造与设计研究

完善养老保障模式与改善老年人生活质量，是应对我国人口老龄化快速发展的一项战略目标。老年人居家养老对居住条件以及居家养老型住宅有一定的要求，如地面的平坦型和防滑性，房屋的合理布局等。同时，老年人对住宅的位置及社区服务体系建设等需求，则由于收入的不同存在着较大的差异。     

A Review of Major Influences on Employee Retirement Investment Decisions

The recent retirement plan debacle of the Enron employees has caused regulators and lawmakers to think about new ways to protect and help retirement plan participants. When investigating participant investment decisions, researchers have traditionally studied the retirement plan characteristics and employee characteristics. More recently, some researchers have extended the analysis to social influences, such as social norms and peer affects. Others have expanded into behavioral finance and examined the role of various psychological biases. This paper combines and summarizes these four sets of influences so that researchers and policy makers can better understand all the influences affecting an employee when making retirement plan contribution and investment decisions.     

失独老人的社区照顾模式探究——基于福利多元主义理论的视角

目前,我国失独老人数量与日俱增,随着年岁的增长,他们的养老需求也逐渐增加,并呈多元化趋势。我国政府、机构、家庭和民间社会组织在应对养老需求上各具优势,但这四种养老模式都难以独自面对失独老人的养老问题。运用福利多元主义理论,有效整合各种养老资源,构建依托社区、政府引导、民间社会组织支持和市场补充的多元化社区照顾模式,以解决失独老人的养老难题。     

激励和限制相结合的企业弹性退休制度探讨

随着人口老龄化,提高退休年龄成为趋势。文章认为,延长退休年龄涉及到就业、企业成本和社会公平等诸多问题,因此,必须在保证就业和社会公平目标下延迟退休年龄。文章指出,建立以最低工作年限为法定退休条件的弹性退休制度,需要通过经济激励,引导民营企业参与,并以政策限制和避免国有企业滥用制度。     

Travel and retirement status

Research shows that travel is a desired activity among retirees; however, investigations into the relationship between retirement and older adult travel activity have been limited by basing retirement status on attainment of age 65, an outdated criterion given recent social, political, and economic changes. Four separate analyses examine the relationship between known retirement status and constraints to travel activity; use of various forms of travel information; travel characteristics, and participation in travel related activities. A number of similarities and differences emerge from this examination. Travel neither becomes more nor less frequent after retirement and interest appears constant. Where differences in travel activity do occur, work force involvement and age may be underlying causes.     

延迟法定退休年龄的必要性分析

我国法定退休年龄偏低,职工缴纳养老保险费的年限偏短,而领取养老保险金年限偏长,一方面,引起赡养率上升,统筹养老保险基金入不敷出;另一方面,随着预期寿命的延长,退休职工人平均寿命将超出10年,个人账户面临长寿者支付风险。因此,延迟法定退休年龄成为改革的必然。借鉴国外做法,结合国情,建议我国应尽快延迟法定退休年龄,实行浮动退休制度。