别汉棱镜的琼斯矩阵研究

双筒望远镜和单筒观景望远镜中都需要别汉棱镜,但其不具有一般光学系统的轴对称性,采用琼斯矩阵理论对从别汉棱镜出射的两种不同偏振状态的光分别进行分析,得到光线通过别汉棱镜的琼斯矩阵表达式,为矫正偏振效应打下基础。     

改革开放以来湖南城乡居民收入两极分化演变研究

利用1980--2010年湖南居民收入的时间序列数据,对湖南城乡居民收入两极分化的演进及其影响因素进行了实证分析,结论表明：1980--2010年,湖南城乡居民收入差距与收入两极分化在震荡中加大,其速度快于全国水平。基于分析,提出了相应的政策建议。     

中国中等收入群体规模动态变迁与收入两极分化:统计描述与测算

利用中国健康和营养调查(CHNS)微观收入数据,对中等收入群体的比重进行测算,研究其动态变迁,并计算收入两极分化指数,结果表明:1988—2005年,中国中等收入群体比重呈不断下降趋势,与之伴随的是两极分化程度不断提高,收入分配不平等程度加深;长期来看,城镇内部两极分化的增速高于农村内部两极分化的增速;高收入群体和低收入群体内部聚集程度的加深进一步扩大了收入两极分化程度。要缓解收入两极分化,降低收入分配不平等程度,关键是要扩大中等收入群体比重,培育稳定的、规模壮大的中等收入群体。     

The recent process of job polarization in Japan: evidence from 1980 to 2010

This study investigates the recent process of job polarization in Japan. We focus on three particular aspects: the relationship with business cycles, total hours rather than employment and age cohorts. We find that, regardless of whether the focus is employment or total hours, job polarization is concentrated in recessions and that job polarization has occurred mainly in younger-age cohorts.     

PolSAR成像的固定极化干扰机有源诱饵目标鉴别及抑制

针对合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)成像中真假目标难以区分的问题,提出了一种极化合成孔径雷达(Polarmetric SAR,PolSAR)成像固定极化转发式干扰诱饵目标鉴别方法。该方法首先通过极化熵对目标进行分类,提取低极化熵的目标并对目标进行Wigner-Ville分布(Wigner-Ville Distribution,WVD)变换,再利用Hough变换计算WVD图像中的曲线斜率,将计算出的多普勒调频率与理论调频率进行对比,进而完成真实目标与假目标的鉴别,最终通过极化对消对鉴别出的目标进行抑制。实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

浦东新区的极化开发与社会极化

极化开发往往能吸引大量资本、技术、劳动力等生产要素的集聚,从而形成这些生产要素的"辐合流场".但在极化开发背景下,也会产生社会极化现象,造成城市社会贫富阶层收入差异的拉大.作为中国强力开发的浦东新区,不仅出现了人口、人才和资本等生产要素的极化,而且也出现了城市不同阶层贫富收入拉大等社会极化问题.浦东新区社会极化主要是城市功能转变、生产要素集聚和经济全球化影响三个因素造成的.     

我国创新极化现象的区域分布与极化度比较

文章以30个省(市、区)为生产决策单元,运用绩效评价中的数据包络分析对科技资源变量进行实证研究,测度出目前我国形成了京津冀单极结构创新极化区、珠江三角洲双极结构创新极化区、长江三角洲三极结构创新极化区。在此框架下,文章以相同的变量构造Esteban-Ray指数衡量三类创新极化区的极化程度,认为珠三角创新极化区内极核的集聚效应不断增强;长三角的扩散效应开始显现;而京津冀目前仍处于极化的形成初期。     

Mandatory spending,political polarization,and macroeconomic volatility

This paper studies the impact of political polarization on macroeconomic volatility in a political economy model of optimal fiscal policy. I introduce the distinction between mandatory and discretionary public spending in a model where consumers disagree on the size of the public sector. In the presence of political turnover and political polarization, public policies that affect individual decision-making lead to macroeconomic volatility. I show that the legislative requirements behind the changes in mandatory public spending can reduce macroeconomic volatility caused by political polarization and political turnover. The numerical simulations of the model suggest that in the presence of a binding constraint on the changes in mandatory spending, an increase in the political polarization is associated with an increase in the share of mandatory spending and a decrease in the macroeconomic volatility, consistent with the U.S. data.     

Why do boycotts sometimes increase sales? Consumer activism in the age of political polarization

In this article, we argue that the occurrence, trajectory, and impact of consumer activism are in large part driven by the political environment in which firms operate, particularly by their country’s level of polarization and the political makeup of their core customer base. In environments characterized by low levels of political polarization, companies are embroiled in a relatively small number of political controversies, and as a result are rarely the target of consumer activism. Conversely, in highly polarized environments, people’s political sensibilities are easily offended, which leads to a relatively large number of political controversies. These controversies tend to arise along party lines, meaning they elicit a consumer boycott exclusively from one side of the political spectrum. Such partisan boycotts lead people on the other side of the political spectrum to rally around the company at the center of the controversy and to purchase more of its products. Whether a company’s sales end up decreasing or increasing depends on the nature of the issue at the heart of the controversy as well as on the political beliefs of its core customer base. We conclude by describing how companies can successfully navigate this complex interplay between political polarization, consumer activism, and customers’ political preferences.     

运用分享经济理论破解当前中国经济两大难题

当前,我国经济面临两大难题:一是财富和收入分配严重失衡,贫富分化日趋严重,已经出现两极分化现象；二是从2010年7月起出现新一轮通货膨胀,来势凶猛,蔓延迅速,可能酿成“滞胀”风险.目前,应让实行了数年的凯恩斯政策组合淡出,尽快进行微观经济运行机制重塑,在企业初次分配领域引入利益分享制度,在全社会推行企业净收入分成制和利润分享制的经济模式,以取代原有的工资制经济模式.