International Trade and Income Inequality*

We propose a simple theory that shows a mechanism through which international trade entails wage and job polarization. We consider two countries in which individuals with different abilities work either as knowledge workers, who develop differentiated products, or as production workers, who engage in production. In equilibrium, ex ante symmetric firms attract knowledge workers with different abilities, and this creates firm heterogeneity in product quality. Market integration disproportionately benefits firms that produce high-quality products. This winner-take-all trend of product markets causes a war for talents, which exacerbates income inequality within the countries and leads to labor-market polarization.     

The effect of income inequality on political polarization: Evidence from European regions, 2002–2014

This article investigates whether income inequality leads to political polarization and provides new evidence that an increase in the Gini coefficient at the local level increases the probability of supporting a political party at the extreme left and right of the ideological distribution. Using individual data for 25 European countries from 2002 to 2014, I find that increasing inequality leads on average to more support for left‐wing parties. I also find that increasing inequality leads to more support for far‐right parties among older individuals. Support for far‐right parties seems to be driven by rising anti‐immigrant sentiments. The results are robust to different specifications, including an instrumental variable that addresses the endogeneity of income inequality.     

A SURVEY OF TRADE AND WAGE INEQUALITY: ANOMALIES,RESOLUTIONS AND NEW TRENDS

This paper surveys recent studies on trade and wage inequality. We first introduce some trade‐based explanations for increased wage inequality. There are, however, a number of criticisms of this line of thought based on the ‘trade‐wage inequality anomaly’, the ‘price‐wage anomaly’, and the small volume of trade. Mainly due to these criticisms, trade‐based explanations for rising wage inequality have been limited in the economic literature. Rather, the primary explanations for wage inequality have been based on skill‐biased technological change. Some trade models, however, have weakened the above criticisms, and more economists now argue that the effect of trade, though relatively small compared to that of technological change, is more significant than generally believed. Finally, we attempt to link new trends in inequality, such as job polarization and within‐group inequality, to the trade and wage inequality literature.     

我国城市规模两极分化的现状与原因

在城市化过程中,城市规模的分布与资源配置状况对我国经济能否平稳发展有至关重要的作用。运用城市成本—收益、位序—规模分布、网络城市等理论,通过分析我国不同规模城市的人口、经济总量、资源配置等数据,对我国城市规模两极分化的特征性事实做了概括总结,并从市场选择、政治制度、自然历史因素等三个方面分析了我国城市规模两极分化的原因,认为城市化的均衡发展对我国经济社会的平稳发展具有至关重要的作用,并据此提出引导教育、医疗等优质资源向中小城市流动,促进不同规模城市协调发展的对策。     

欠发达地区城市化与产业发展间存在的问题

从理论上叙述了产业发展推动城市化发展,城市化反过来促进产业发展的良性互动规律,并对时间和空间数列做了实证。以横向空间数列分析了欠发达地区城市化与产业发展中存在的问题:一是城市化与产业发展水平不足,经济增长极能力不足;二是欠发达地区城市化效益偏低,经济增长极作用有限;三是欠发达地区的产业发展效益不高,阻碍了本土的经济扩散,并且同时存在着发达地区产业发展效益不高、难以发挥扩散效应的问题;四是距离和区位因素未成为发达地区向邻近欠发达地区经济扩散的优势。据此提出了相应的政策建议。     

幅频激电在西藏某地斑岩型铜钼矿勘查中的应用

为了研究西藏某地区斑岩型铜钼矿的成矿物理特征,扩大该地区斑岩型铜钼矿的找矿远景,在西藏某地进行了幅频激电测量。偶极幅频激电法对一般矿体有探测能力强、抗干扰能力强的特点,所以在本矿区采用幅频激电,最后通过异常和地质结合划定出斑岩型铜钼矿的位置,最后总结幅频激电找斑岩型铜钼矿的规律。     

Polarization,Political Instability and Active Learning*

In a multiperiod setting, decision‐makers can learn about the consequences of their decisions through experimentation. We examine how polarization and political instability affect learning through experimentation. We distinguish two cases: (i) the decision to be made is not salient and does not affect the outcome of subsequent elections (exogenous elections) and (ii) the decision is salient and the election outcome depends on it (endogenous elections). It is shown that while the possibility of learning increases activism, the existence of political instability distorts learning. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, when elections are exogenous, polarization between political parties does not always decrease active learning.     

国家高新区创新能力空间极化及变动趋势研究

在我国高新区逐步在区域经济发展中起关键支撑作用,而技术创新软环境建设滞后的背景下,本文选取2007-2013年国家高新区省域层面的4项创新能力指标数据,构建国家高新区创新能力强弱指数,并运用泰尔指数以及基尼系数测度国家高新区创新能力空间极化趋势。同时运用??收敛和??收敛方法分析国家高新区创新能力空间极化的变动趋势,结果表明7年间国家高新区创新能力的省域极化效应呈现波动上升趋势。     

长三角和京津冀区域金融一体化分析：信贷的扩散与极化

长三角和京津冀是中国经济发展水平较高的跨区域规划经济体。采用信贷增长率指标构建 SVAR模型对两地金融一体化程度进行分析比较。协整结果显示两大区域内信贷存在长期稳定的均衡关系,金融一体化效应明显。长三角一体化程度高于京津冀,京津冀中天津信贷扩散效应显著,北京和河北信贷呈现极化效应。