基于有界协整方法的中国进口需求弹性研究

有界检验是由Pesaran等(2001)新提出的一种协整分析方法,本文利用这一方法对改革开放以来中国进口贸易与其决定因素之间的长期关系和需求弹性进行了分析。结果表明,无论是长期还是短期,中国的进口需求相对于价格缺乏弹性,但相对于收入具有较高的弹性。这一结论具有重要的政策含义:其一,某些国家力图通过促使人民币升值来缓解其贸易赤字的做法是缺乏论据支持的;其二,中国经济的增长是世界经济的积极贡献因素。     

民间借贷政策规制的社会福利效应：一个分析框架

本文通过构建一个民间借贷规制模型来分析需求弹性和行政执法成本对规制效率的影响。模型表明：在民间借贷缺乏需求弹性时,由于高昂的禁令规制成本,对政府而言更为合适的手段是将民间借贷采取合法化、并加以征税的规制政策。在我国,除了通过“民间借贷服务中心”等机构创新来实现民间金融规范化以外,更主要地是打破金融机构市场准入高度管控的体制,允许民间资本进入金融业,使民间金融机构合法化。     

广西税收增长与经济增长关系的实证分析

本文运用回归模型、自回归分布滞后模型和动态分布滞后模型对广西税收增长与经济增长的关系进行了实证分析。结果表明:广西税收对GDP的弹性过低,原因主要是税制结构不合理、税收征管存在问题。税收增长短期内具有较大惯性,就长期而言还是依赖于经济的持续稳定增长,广西的税收增长与经济增长之间存在长期协调增长的关系。     

Billboard and cinema advertising: Missed opportunity or spoiled arms?

Advertising remains one of the most popular marketing instruments, and many studies have studied its sales effectiveness. However, prior research has either looked at the total spending of a brand/firm, or has focused on the most popular media, especially TV advertising. Even though huge amounts are also spent on “smaller” media such as billboards and cinema, little is known on their effectiveness.     

中国钢铁产业国际市场势力实证研究

本文首先运用边际成本模型估算了中国钢铁产业的国际市场势力,发现中国加入世贸组织后钢铁产业的国际市场势力下降,且加入世贸组织前后钢铁产业国际市场势力均较小;然后选取SITC(Rev.2)中两位码为67的钢铁产品,运用剩余需求弹性模型实证研究了其在韩国、印度、日本和美国这些主要出口国市场上的国际市场势力,发现在韩国、日本和印度市场的国际市场势力依次降低,在美国市场的国际市场势力尚未形成,说明中国钢铁产业出口具有一定的国际市场势力,但与此同时,总体上出口单价和进口单价之比有下降趋势,其低成本优势也趋于减弱,中国从钢铁产业贸易中获得的比较利益正不断减少,钢铁产业没有明显的现实国际市场势力。     

低碳产业补贴政策对福利分配的影响

本文从低碳产业的外部性出发。探讨了补贴对低碳产业发展的影响。首先,通过假定补贴政策对低碳产品的需求弹性不同．分析了补贴增加的福利总额在生产者和消费者之间的分配。其次,假定对低碳产业生产者进行补贴,将会使整个低碳行业生产者收益增加,推动低碳产业的快速发展。最后,提出了构建低碳产业的补贴政策要根据低碳产业发展规划分步实施的政策思路。     

An Estimation of the Intergenerational Income Elasticity of China

Abstract:

Using 1989–2006 waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey data, we estimate the intergenerational income elasticity (IIE) of China. We find that the lower bound of the IIE is 0.491 using the son’s latest observed income and his father’s income averaged over three periods. We use the father’s number of years of education as an instrumental variable for his permanent income to derive the upper bound of the IIE, which is 0.556. We find that the intergenerational income mobility of rural China is higher than that in urban areas.     

上海外来人员就业形势及应对措施

运用产业结构偏离度和就业弹性指数两个指标,对上海市外来从业人员的就业现状及问题进行了分析,并提出了产业结构转型下完善上海市外来从业人员的就业对策：1）在宏观上充分发挥经济调控作用;2）在微观上实行差别化就业政策;3）搭建高效的就业信息发布平台。在产业结构转型下,为政府逐步实现外来从业人员充分就业的目标提供借鉴。     

Temporary Equilibrium,Full Equilibrium,and Elasticity of Cost

The result by Morrison (1985) and Morrison and Schwarzt (1994) that there is an one-to-one relationship between the rate of economic capacity utilization and ratio of cost elasticities at the temporary and the full equilibrium has been instrumental in past studies on measuring economic capacity utilization and on adjusting indexes of productivity growth for temporary equilibrium. In this paper, dynamic duality and comparative dynamics are employed to assess the behavior of cost elasticity along an optimal path to the steady state. The analysis suggests that no a priori relationship exists between economic capacity utilization and elasticity of cost. The absence of an a priori relationship between these two economic variables implies that theoretical and empirical results based on past notions about the dynamic behavior of cost elasticity may have to be reconsidered.     

Teaching Third-Degree Price Discrimination

Abstract: Third-degree price discrimination is taught in almost every intermediate microeconomics class. The theory, geometry, and the algebra behind the concept are simple, and the phenomenon is commonly associated with the sale of many of the goods and services used frequently by students. Classroom discussion is usually vibrant as students can relate their experiences of being on the receiving end of third-degree price discrimination, usually to their advantage. However, the precision of the language used in the exposition of the theory in textbooks is generally less precise than one would hope for, leading students to confuse slope and elasticity. The authors ask textbook writers to provide greater precision in their explanation of why differing elasticities are associated with the prices paid by two (or more) distinct groups of buyers facing third-degree price discrimination.