价值工程在民营企业产品开发与推广中的应用分析

近年来,受国家宏观调控、产业转型等因素的影响,越来越多的民营企业注重自身产品的开发和推广。以某企业的EX型起重机控制柜产品为背景,引入价值工程的相关理念,从策略、模型等方面进行分析,并就实施过程及效果进行探讨。     

国资国企改革典型经验研究与启示——央企和部分省市典型经验对上海“十二五”期间国资国企改革的启示

国有经济和国有企业伴随着中国30年的改革开放，有了重大的变化。中央企业和各省市探索出许多国资国企改革方面值得总结和借鉴的宝贵经验。这些经验也将给上海市“十二五”期间进一步深化国资国企改革带来有益的启示，促进新一轮国资国企的改革发展。     

国有困难企业在租赁经营期中如何搞好党建工作的思考

实行租赁经营的国有困难企业党委在租赁经营期间能否发挥好领导核心作用，是企业租赁经营成败的关键，而搞好租赁企业的党建和各项工作，是实现党的领导核一心作用的根本保证。文章根据笔者的工作实际，就国有困难企业搞好租赁经营期间的党建工作谈一些看法。     

Host country’s environmental uncertainty,technological capability,and foreign market entry mode: Evidence from high-end equipment manufacturing MNEs in emerging markets

The paper investigates the impact of the host country’s environmental uncertainty on the choice of entry mode and also discusses the moderating role of technological heterogeneity in this relationship. Based on the resource-based view and institutional theory framework, we first analyze the investment motivation of emerging industries in emerging markets and evaluate the environmental uncertainty from two dimensions, including the institutional environment (country level) and industry environment (market level). Then, the theoretical predictions are empirically tested using 173 overseas investment events in China’s high-end equipment sector from 2010-2018. Our findings suggest that when the uncertainty of the industry environment is low, no matter how uncertain is the institutional environment, most firms tend to choose a cooperative strategy. Once the industry environment indicators become turbulent, a high degree of institutional environment uncertainty causes firms to evade trade barriers by choosing a new plant. Alternatively, choosing a relatively conservative mode, such as export. Meanwhile, technological capability weakens the influence of environmental uncertainty on entry mode.     

政府补助、社会责任与流通企业效率

文章从流通视角出发,理论层面分析政府补助对流通企业效率的影响,探讨企业履行社会责任在政府补助与流通企业效率间可能存在的中介机制,并考察国有企业的调节效应。进一步利用我国沪深两市A股241家上市流通企业2010-2020年的非平衡面板数据进行经验检验,研究发现：(1)政府补助会促进流通企业效率的提升;(2)社会责任在政府补助与流通企业效率的关系中存在中介效应,即政府补助能够使流通企业履行更多的社会责任,并由此推动流通企业效率的提升;(3)国有企业存在直接调节效应和间接调节效应。相较于非国有流通企业,国有流通企业所获政府补助以及履行社会责任对企业效率的提升作用更低。研究为深化流通体制改革,提升流通效率提供了新的经验证据。     

农村小企业融资实证分析——以江苏为例

本文通过对无锡、扬州两地37家农村企业调查,分析了无锡和扬州两地农村小企业融资存在的一些共性:正规金融市场贷款与企业规模、地域有关;民间金融市场贷款与“血缘”有关;抵押担保成为企业从正规金融市场贷款的主要方式;两地企业都存在融资瓶颈,主要体现在贷款审批程序的复杂性、严格的抵押规定或个人担保要求;企业主个人背景对借贷渠道存在相关性。     

对我国国企改制的几点建议

20世纪90年代以来,我国国有企业改制进程加快,但是仍然存在一些问题。目前应当按统筹兼顾、公开竞争、分类推进及配套改革的原则推进国企改革,要尽快制定改制的基本规划和政策,进一步完善具体政策。     

我国中小企业技术创新支持体系现状与发展趋势

中小企业在国民经济中有着重要的地位 ,特别是在我国成为WTO成员方的大背景下 ,我国中小企业迎来了历史性的发展机遇。但不幸的是 ,每年都有大量的中小企业倒闭关门 ,或在勉强维持 ,这其中既有企业自身的因素 ,也有对中小企业技术创新把持不够的因素。根据中小企业技术创新支持体系现状及存在的问题 ,我国中小企业技术创新支持体系应走规范化、信息化和全球化的发展道路来构造适应我国具体国情的技术创新支持体系     

Global competition and cooperation in the electronics industry: the case of X-ray equipment, 1900–1970

The electronics industry is often regarded by scholars as an example of a sector driven by endless technological innovation and major competition between a few large companies, thus embodying the common view whereby the free market leads firms to innovate. On the other hand, some business historians have also emphasised that, since the beginning of the twentieth century, most of these companies were engaged in various international cartel agreements. The business and economic history literature on this industry reveals a clear-cut divide between the inter-war years and the post-war era. In this paper, however, we argue that technical and commercial cooperation between large electronics companies continued in various forms despite the spread of anti-trust policies after 1945. In this case study, we explore the global X-ray equipment industry from its beginnings around 1900 to the advent of the CT scanner in the early 1970s. The paper focuses on Siemens and Philips, the two largest manufacturers of radiological equipment. It demonstrates that both companies pursued their commercial and technical cooperation at least until the 1970s, although it was much less overt as during the interwar years.     

Reforming the Taxation of Multijurisdictional Enterprises in Europe

In 2001, the European Commission proposed replacing the currentsystem of taxation of multinational companies by the taxationof a consolidated base, computed at the level of all the Europeanentities of a multinational enterprise, and then distributedfor taxation purposes among the various jurisdictions in whichthese entities operate, according to pre-established criteria.In this article, we propose a discussion, especially focusingon two related issues, the choice of the formula and the compositionof the consolidating area—either the entire European Union(EU) or some Member States within an Enhanced Cooperation Agreement—,as well as on their impact on the size and distribution of taxrevenue and economic activity, and on the intensity of tax competition.Our tentative policy conclusion is that the reform deservessupport provided that (i) the formula puts emphasis on criteriathat the firm may not too easily manipulate, (ii) the activitiesof the multijurisdictional enterprise are enough mobile, (iii)the consolidation is made compulsory within the consolidatingarea and (iv) the consolidating area protects its capacity toactually levy tax by adopting a crediting system vis-à-visthe rest of the world. (JEL code: H32, H73, H87)