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51.
文章介绍了通信流分析以及匿名通信的研究现状,并分析了现在研究通信流分析所采用的几种流分析工具,指出他们对于匿名通信的通信流分析的不足之处,最后,提出了适应于匿名通信的分布式通信流分析系统的实现方法。 相似文献
52.
Wolfram Elsner 《Local Economy》2004,19(3):249-263
Many regions have experienced long-run economic fluctuations generated by the life cycles of their dominant industrial clusters. During the downswings in the 1970s and 1980s, proactive structural policies were typically launched in German regions to combat job losses in their core clusters and to create new jobs in new industries. With respect to the German State of Bremen, this paper provides empirical evidence of: (1) a long-run regional downswing; (2) the potential job effects of proactive regional industrial policy programmes in terms of increasing regional employment, by safeguarding jobs in the regional core industries and creating new jobs in new growth industries; and (3) a time pattern in the job effects, which are related to the different generations of programmes. 相似文献
53.
The economic impact of adopting herd health programs for mastitis and reproduction by small-scale dairy producers of Central Thailand was assessed using a policy analysis matrix (PAM). Following a reduction in the incidence of bovine disease on adopter farms, an increase in private net profits is observed. More importantly the social costs of supporting dairy farmers is reduced; the PAM effective protection coefficient was reduced by 35% for mastitis program adopters and by 44% for reproductive program adopters, indicating improved social efficiency of dairy policy. Other indicators of efficiency and policy implications are discussed. 相似文献
54.
Planning food services for a campus setting 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kenneth J. Klassen Elzbieta Trybus Arundhati Kumar 《International Journal of Hospitality Management》2005,24(4):579-609
Providing appropriate food services in a campus setting is increasingly important due to more demanding customers and because clients have less time to go off-campus when they need to eat. Using a university campus as an example, this research looks at customer satisfaction with existing food services and explores various methods for determining where to locate new facilities. This campus currently has great needs for additional food services, and it is shown clearly where additional food services are required. Also, the methods used are compared in terms of their effectiveness in finding the solution. 相似文献
55.
养老保险金替代率研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
褚福灵 《北京劳动保障职业学院学报》2004,12(3):17-21
养老保险金替代率是指一定地区当年离退休(含退职,下同)人员的养老金平均水平与该地区当年职工平均工资水平的比率,其是否合理,将影响到养老保险制度安排和政策取向。养老保险金替代率目标的确定,将受到一个国家或者地区的社会保障水平和经济发展水平等因素的影响。按照中国对基本养老保险制度改革的总体思路,未来基本养老保险金替代率目标确定为60%左右。目前,中国基本养老保险金替代率目标已经接近制度改革的目标,北京市的基本养老保险金替代率明显低于全国水平。企业退休金的替代率又明显低于事业和机关单位的退休金替代率,并呈现持续下降的趋势,应当设法进行遏止。 相似文献
56.
Piotr Zielonka 《International Review of Financial Analysis》2004,13(2):217-225
The present research provides a justification for the popularity of the technical analysis. It finds that financial analysts firmly discriminate between two types of technical signals—those based on typical cognitive biases and “empty” signals that sound like a technical analysis but are without any connotation with psychological inclinations.At the same time that they treat them differently, different analysts rate these items very similarly. These results suggest that the popularity of technical analysis is associated with its relation to the typical cognitive biases of humans. 相似文献
57.
58.
乡镇财政困难主要有收入下降、支出膨胀以及债务负担沉重等方面的表,就其原因从其关联性有根本原因、主要原因、重要原因、直接原因以及导火索等五个方面。对此,笔者认为解决乡镇财政困难的出路可以在分析原因的基础上,结合其表现来具体分析。 相似文献
59.
On the Role of Weight Restrictions in Data Envelopment Analysis 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Pedraja-Chaparro Francisco Salinas-Jimenez Javier Smith Peter 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》1997,8(2):215-230
This paper examines the role that weight restrictions play in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). It is argued that the decision to include a factor (input or output) in a DEA model represents an implicit judgement that the factor has a non-trivial weight. It therefore seems perverse to allow DEA to assign a trivial weight to that factor in assessing the efficiency of a unit. There is therefore a strong case for imposing restrictions on factor weights. However, many existing methods of weight restriction are in practice unwieldy. This paper proposes an alternative approach we term contingent weight restriction which is both practical and intellectually consistent with the DEA philosophy. The paper explores the implications of alternative methods of weight restriction using simulated data from a well known production process. 相似文献
60.
A. D. Rikun 《Environmental and Resource Economics》1992,2(6):593-604
This paper examines a scheme of economic incentives for environmental protection, in which spatially differentiated pollution taxes are in use in compensating the pollution abatement costs. A simple mathematical model is described which determines an incentive system that encourages polluters to reduce the discharges to an acceptable level of ambient quality standards in a cost-effective manner. It is shown that the vector of pollution charges has to be proportional to the marginal abatement cost vector, but is smaller than the latter in magnitude. It is demonstrated that a necessary incentive effect may be achieved even if the total pollution charge is much lower (about three times) than the total abatement costs. It is also estimated how this charge incentive system reconciles conflicting criteria of cost-effectiveness and of equity. These conclusions are verified by numerical experiments with real data. 相似文献