EPC系统对供应链的影响探讨

条码技术上的局限性导致供应链中的信息流和物流不能保持匹配，从而影响了供应链运作效率，EPC系统的提出不仅为供应链上信息流与物流不匹配问题的解决提供了方案，它对供应链也将会产生革命性影响。本文简要介绍了EPC系统的主要功能以及物联网的概念；从微观和宏观两个层次分析了EPC系统对供应链可能产生的革命性影响。     

新零售下社区生鲜配送模式的综合评价

新零售模式下社区生鲜“最后500m”的冲刺已成为生鲜农产品快速配送的关键问题。基于目前已有的配送模式:“社区+便利店”模式、第三方配送以及众包模式,通过层次分析法从服务水平、配送成本、客户体验三个方面对三种配送模式进行量化分析,得出每种配送模式在各层次的权重。研究结果表明配送中降低配送成本是关键,减少货物赔损率、提高客户满意度才能实现有效率的配送。     

Mobile Termination: What is the “Right” Charge?*

The regulation of fixed-to-mobile (F2M) termination charges has become increasingly important in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand under the Calling Party Pays principle. In the absence of any regulation, mobile operators have an incentive to set F2M termination charges “too high”. We show that the setting of the optimal F2M termination charges depends on the significance of network externalities, the intensity of competition in the mobile sector, and the distribution of customer preferences. We also discuss the merits of possible remedies which are not very intrusive. Tommaso Valletti has advised the European Commission and the UK regulator (OFCOM) on mobile termination and Frontier Economics has acted as advisor to a number of mobile operators on the same issue. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone. We thank Carlo Cambini, Yulia Kossykh, participants to the 15th Biennial International Telecommunications Society Conference, the 3rd International Conference on Applied Infrastructure Research in Berlin, for their comments. We also thank the editor Michael Crew and two anonymous referees for many suggestions that have greatly improved the paper.     

On modeling incentive systems which utilize pollution charges for pollution abatement

This paper examines a scheme of economic incentives for environmental protection, in which spatially differentiated pollution taxes are in use in compensating the pollution abatement costs. A simple mathematical model is described which determines an incentive system that encourages polluters to reduce the discharges to an acceptable level of ambient quality standards in a cost-effective manner. It is shown that the vector of pollution charges has to be proportional to the marginal abatement cost vector, but is smaller than the latter in magnitude. It is demonstrated that a necessary incentive effect may be achieved even if the total pollution charge is much lower (about three times) than the total abatement costs. It is also estimated how this charge incentive system reconciles conflicting criteria of cost-effectiveness and of equity. These conclusions are verified by numerical experiments with real data.     

土地市场扭曲如何影响制造业出口产品质量升级 ——基于土地市场交易数据和制造业企业数据的实证分析

地方政府“以地谋发展”的策略在促进各地区制造业大规模集聚和出口贸易快速增长的同时,也势必会给企业出口产品质量带来深刻影响。本文综合利用中国土地市场网城市土地交易数据、中国工业企业数据、中国海关进出口产品数据和中国城市面板数据,实证检验了土地市场扭曲对企业出口产品质量升级的影响,并对其内在机制进行了探讨。研究发现：中国城市建设用地配置存在明显的工业偏向性,进而导致工业用地价格被低估,产生工业用地应得收益大于实际价格的反向扭曲问题。这种反向扭曲可通过抑制技术进步、阻碍产业结构高级化、弱化集聚经济效应等机制显著降低制造业企业出口产品质量。土地市场扭曲对企业出口产品质量升级的影响具有明显的异质性特征。具体而言,土地市场扭曲不利于一般贸易企业与混合贸易企业出口产品质量提升,但对加工贸易企业出口产品质量提升具有促进作用。土地市场扭曲对企业出口产品质量升级的抑制作用由东到西依次递增。土地市场扭曲不利于外资企业和国有企业出口产品质量提升,对集体企业及民营企业的影响不显著。     

The interaction effect of strategic orientations on new product performance in the high-tech industry: A nonlinear model

Innovation and market orientation are two strategic orientations or business philosophies that can guide a company in its business activities. Although the interaction effect of these two strategic orientations is conceptually recognized as a critical factor for new product's success, empirical results are mixed. This paper examines this issue in terms of innovation orientation, two types of market orientations (responsive and proactive), and new product performance. Based on a sample of 107 high-tech firms, the results of this study show that the interaction between innovation orientation and two types of market orientation yields different patterns of nonlinear responses for new product performance. Specifically, new product performance, when derived from the interaction between innovation orientation and responsive market orientation, is in the form of an inverted U, i.e., the interaction effect is contributory to firm performance until an optimal level is reached, and then the effect becomes detrimental thereafter. However, new product performance derived from innovation orientation and proactive market orientation is in the form of a U, i.e., the interaction effect is detrimental to firm performance until a threshold level is reached and then the effect becomes contributory thereafter. The different patterns of new product performance indicate that the costs and organizational learning effects of these two strategic orientation interactions are dissimilar. The paper concludes with a discussion of theoretical and practical implications of these findings.     

探析现代产品设计中的通感现象

以通感在审美欣赏、艺术创作中的重要性为启示,分析了通感的类型、特点、感官相通的模式等,并结合日常生活、诗词赏析中的各种通感现象,论述了通感对艺术创作的启发与启迪,以及应用通感带给作品的飞跃与提升。在此基础上,提出了通感在产品设计中的重要性,并结合具体案例论证通感的巧妙应用给产品带来的感性诉求、人文情怀以及体验的乐趣。     

Mortgage product diversity: responding to consumer demand or protecting lender profit? An asymmetric panel analysis

This article explores determinants of mortgage product diversity for owner-occupied and investment loans in the Australian housing mortgage market. From 2001 to 2012, 65 lenders introduced 1220 mortgage products in Australia. We examine whether the product proliferation was a result of consumer demand or a response to pressure to lower lending rates. We find that consumer demand for mortgages does not have a significant relationship with the number of mortgage products, but that decreases in the policy interest rate are highly significant as an explanatory variable for product proliferation. Such behaviour is consistent with information obfuscation, reducing the ease with which consumers can compare lending rates. Further, the relationship between mortgage products offered and the policy interest rate is asymmetric: decreases in the cash rate are associated with increased mortgage products offered, but increases in the cash rate have a more muted effect on decreasing the number of products.     

中小企业融资与信用理财产品开发研究

＂融资难＂问题是制约中小企业发展的重要瓶颈,＂只贷不存＂和＂信息不对称＂让小额贷款公司和商业银行分别陷入了自己向中小企业贷款的相对困境。通过信用理财产品,可以将小额贷款公司和商业银行的优势互补,降低信息不对称成本和交易成本,从而解决中小企业的融资困难问题。     

供应链环境下产品创新过程分析及评价研究

供应链环境下产品创新流程设计及对供应商的评价成为产品创新的关键。本文分析了知识经济条件下的产品创新的新模式,提出供应链环境下产品创新的基本流程,并进一步研究了基于成本-时间模型的产品创新供应链节点企业的评价模型。