The Sexual Economy,Gender Relations and Narratives of Infant Death on a Tomato Farm in Northern South Africa

Based on an extended case study of a large‐scale tomato farm in northern Limpopo province, the paper examines how the restructuring of agriculture transforms the sexual economy through shifts in the composition of labour and management practices on farms in this area. The employment of Zimbabwean migrants, rather than relatively permanent Venda families, suggests a potentially greater variety of people participating in the sexual economy. While families as units of employment have declined, black supervisors increasingly serve as a primary locus of coercion on the farm and in the sexual economy. The monetization of erstwhile paternalistic services places pressure on women to earn income however they can, including transactional sex. Contested interpretations over the causes of infant deaths on the farm, in the form of hygiene, blood‐mixing and infanticide, provide an ethnographic framework for a deeper analysis of the sexual economy and its social effects. While the sexual economy presents opportunities for women to increase their income, it also exposes them to the risks of HIV/AIDS and unwanted pregnancies, resulting in contradictory implications for the status of women on farms.     

论管理的生产力属性

现代社会管理在社会生产劳动中充分体现出生产力属性。现代管理与科学技术相互渗透、相互促进,共同构成生产力要素,井决定生产力发展水平。管理是社会生产力可持续发展的重要保障。随着经济全球化和社会信息步伐加快,我国应更加重视管理在生产劳动中的地位和作用。     

Evaluating change in European industrial relations: research evidence on trends at organizational level

This paper uses evidence from organizations with more than 200 employees in several countries across Europe to explore the proposition that industrial relations in Europe is becoming more convergent around a non-union HRM model. The evidence indicates that, although there are some similar moves taking place, national patterns remain distinctive, the IR/HRM distinction may not be sustainable in Europe and there are significant elements of continuity in industrial relations in Europe alongside the changes that are taking place.     

浅论广告设计中的公关运用

随着公关活动在广告传播中的盛行,整合出具有广告和公关各项优势的公关广告不仅在品牌塑造上发挥作用。为了经营这些关系,企业必须有意识地将自己各种营销工具整合起来,用心营造沟通的世界。在产品推广、危机管理中,也发挥着极大的作用。公关广告用心营造沟通的世界,推动社会的经济发展促进物质文明的进步。     

Ordering univariate distributions by entropy and variance

This paper examines the role of variance and entropy in ordering distributions and random prospects. There is no universal relation between entropy and variance orderings of distributions. But we place their relationship in the context of a stronger ordering relation known as dispersion ordering. Further, some conditions are identified under which variance and entropy order similarly when continuous variables are transformed. We also analyze parametric changes which do not disturb the agreement between these rankings. The results are conveniently tabulated in terms of distribution parameters.     

浙江省中小企业EAP实施路径探索——以诸暨市为例

当前我国中小企业正处于经济转轨、社会转型期,在急剧变化和激烈竞争中将面临着严峻的考验与巨大的压力。这既阻碍了企业的发展,更严重危害着员工的身心健康。而EAP的实施能够有效地化解压力,提高工作效率。本文结合诸暨市当地实际情况,试从EAP在诸暨市中小企业的适用性及其产生的作用入手,进而探索视浙江省中小企业EAP的实施路径,希望为中小企业对员工建立有效的精神激励机制提供一些对策。     

Are some Indian banks too large? An examination of size efficiency in Indian banking

In this paper we use data from the years 1997–2003 to evaluate the size efficiency, as distinct from scale efficiency, of Indian banks. Following Maindiratta [Maindiratta A (1990) J Econ 46:39–56] we consider a bank to be “too large” if breaking it up into a number of smaller units would result in a larger output bundle than what could be produced from the same input by a single bank. When this is the case, the bank is not size efficient. Our analysis shows that many of the banks are, indeed, too large in various years. We also find that often a bank is operating in the region of diminishing returns to scale but is not a candidate for break up.

论电力监管绩效在良性关系层面的实现

电力监管是电力市场化改革中的一项重要的制度安排。从电力监管实施的实践来看,监管者与被监管者之间的认同感、互动性的存在与否直接影响着监管绩效。需要深入研究围绕监管行为双方的科学定位、关系构建及合适的自身行为取向。在现阶段,有效的监管绩效的取得需要共识下的合作加以实现。     

"劳动价值论"不是"基础"--质疑以"基础论"为前提的争论双方

经典马克思主义的价值理论是与其唯物史观相统一的,承认生产力决定性原理.<资本论>展述的价值理论体系实际是"生产力价值论";在表达方法上它遵循着"从抽象上升为具体"和"逻辑与历史统一"的原则,从抽象的劳动价值论出发,逐渐上升到对市场价格的具体把握,包括明确承认使用价值对价值的决定意义,从而形成了在政治经济学中落实生产力决定性的理论体系;其中,从劳动价值论推出剩余价值论,只是这种"生产力价值论"体系在某些限制下产生的一个支论,意在从价值理论层面显示对资本主义市场经济"造反有理",它并不否定生产力和使用价值的决定性.但近年国内围绕劳动价值论形成的许多成果,仍然无视"生产力价值论",只把劳动价值论视为马克思主义政治经济学的"基础",难以自圆其说,首先是不能解释<资本论>一系列明确的论断,不能适应社会主义市场经济新要求,亟待回皈"生产力价值论".     

Traders' Bidding Strategies on European Grain Export Refunds: An Analysis with Affiliated Signals

Using a multivariate distribution of traders' information with correlations, we specify the traders' bidding strategies on tenders of European soft wheat intervention stocks. We show that correlations may have opposing effects on the traders' bidding strategy, depending on their valuation of the grain. This structural approach allows us to estimate the traders' strategies using generalized method of moments procedures.