我国自然垄断行业规制体制改革研究

传统自然垄断行业的改革是我国走向市场经济的一个难点。本文基于自然垄断理论模型的最新发展成果,从我国现实情况出发,指出了我国自然垄断行业存在的诸多弊端,特别是现有规制体制的问题。在此基础上提出了我国规制体制进一步改革的方向,并讨论了未来改革的一些对策性问题。     

纳税信用评级结果披露与研发投入

以纳税信用评级披露作为一个天然外生冲击,并基于2013—2016年1214家A股上市公司的微观数据构造准自然实验,使用双重差分法系统评估纳税信用评级结果披露对上市公司研发投入的影响。结果发现:纳税信用评级结果披露显著增加了上市公司的研发投入。基于PSM-DID方法的估计结果与上述结论无明显差异。稳健性检验也表明上述结论的正确性。机制检验表明,纳税信用评级结果披露通过降低企业的融资约束,进而促进企业增加研发投入。此外,分样本回归发现纳税信用评级结果披露只能对中小型企业和民营企业的研发投入产生促进作用。     

Resilience and well-being production among vulnerable consumers facing systematic constraints

This paper explores how vulnerable consumers within systematic constraints of economic inequality, institutional barriers, and social segregation in an urban environment cope with their vulnerabilities to achieve their well-being. Taking China's internal migrant workers as a research context, our study examines their vulnerable experiences and reveals the impact of systematic constraints on migrant workers' self-perception, interpretation, and actions. It discovers a staged process through which migrant workers acquire resilience to optimize life satisfaction by fulfilling a sense of control over their migration life. Through a situated approach to capture the contextual impact of systematic constraints on vulnerability experiences and the construction of resilient pathways to achieve well-being, this paper puts forward critical welfare issues such as inclusive marketplace, social capital, and community empowerment which are important to migrants' social integration and capability building. This calls for more coordinated efforts to promote effective resilience building and sustained well-being among resource-constrained consumers.     

黑土地保护性耕作发展的制约瓶颈和突破路径

保护性耕作是东北黑土地保护利用的有效途径,是落实"藏粮于地、藏粮于技"战略的重要抓手。新世纪以来,黑土地保护性耕作经历了从农机主导向农机农艺融合发展的历程,呈现出技术结构集成化、推广主体多元化、应用主体规模化的发展趋势。同时,在黑土地保护性耕作发展过程中,面临着来自于农户认知、技术结构、土地规模、推广体系、补偿机制等方面的现实障碍。因此,需要从提升农户认知水平、加强先进适用的技术研发与集成、推进农业生产经营方式创新、构建新型农技推广体系、加强政策引导与法制建设等方面营造黑土地保护性耕作的发展之路。     

中国金融科技监管沙盒机制设计研究

本文旨在从设立中国金融科技监管沙盒的必要性、可行性分析、机制设计等角度,探讨如何识别有价值的创新、缩短金融科技企业的创新周期并及早发现和化解潜在风险等问题.本文发现,金融科技新业态更具有颠覆性创新特征,采用传统金融监管框架可能会抑制创新,而金融科技监管沙盒是帮助平衡金融科技创新与风险的有效手段.建议参考中国香港的沙盒模...     

The sustainability behaviour of small firms in tourism: the role of self-efficacy and contextual constraints

This article presents a grounded theory to explain why some small businesses in tourism adopt sustainable business practices while others do not, even when they share environmental and wider sustainability concerns. It does so based on research undertaken among business owners in Crete. The paper starts by considering studies on sustainability awareness, knowledge and the mechanisms for accepting responsibility. Secondly, it summarises the influence of task difficulty and effort on sustainability self-efficacy. Thirdly, it focuses on social comparisons and vicarious experiences, as a way of learning what is important. Finally, it examines powerlessness due to perceived situational constraints. In so doing, the study finds that self-efficacy helps to explain sustainable attitude formation and the attitude-behaviour gap; it partly shifts the locus of responsibility for an inability to act sustainably away from the individual and towards their context. The paper contributes to the theoretical literature on small businesses and sustainability, and leads to new avenues for policy interventions.     

资本市场监管边界研究——来自短期融资券与公司债券市场发展对比的启示

政府对资本市场的监管一直是各界争论的焦点.实践证明,不同金融领域的监管政策是影响该领域发展的重要因素.2005年引进的短期融资券是发展最成功的金融产品之一,与有20年历史的企业债形成鲜明对比.通过比较,认为过去的政策和市场监管严重妨碍了公司债券市场多样性的发展,导致发行缓慢和流动性欠佳.针对这些不足,提出公司债券市场的监管边界--在保护供需双方多元化的基础上.提高发行效率、扩大投资者范围及完善交易平台.     

美国转基因生物安全行政监管特点分析

美国的转基因生物安全行政监管主要由农业部、环保署及食品药品管理局负责,部门之间分工明确,且建立了高效的协调机制和良好的公众参与制度;监管部门均设有下属专业的管理单位,强调检测评价报告以科学为依据,在管制方法上,以研究者为核心,以公司财产为担保,采用"自律"管制.这些特点的产生主要依赖于较完善的法律体系以及相当稳定的社会规范.根据我国转基因生物安全监管的现状,美国的监管体系值得我们借鉴:管理机构问的高度协调机制、专家知识的充分利用与信息共享,以及良好的公众参与制度.     

Small business survival and inheritance: evidence from Germany

This paper investigates whether small businesses face financial constraints that affect their survival. A model of moral hazard is developed in which financial constraints arise endogenously. The model predicts that higher private assets relax financial constraints and have a positive effect on the firm’s probability of survival. The empirical analysis confirms that the entrepreneur has a higher propensity to stay in business when she inherits capital. This effect is particularly strong for entrepreneurs who switch from self-employment into wage employment.

监管资本套利的动因与经济效应研究——兼论对我国新资本协议实施的启示

监管资本套利,是商业银行利用资本监管制度之间的差异性以及制度内部的不协调性,运用某种手段,在不改变实际风险水平的情况下提高资本充足率水平的行为。监管资本套利,产生于巴塞尔协议资本监管框架的缺陷,作为巴塞尔协议一个未曾预料的结果,其在西方发达国家发展非常迅速。2010年是新资本协议在中国正式实施的元年,监管资本套利也必将成为中国不可回避的一个问题。本文讨论了商业银行监管资本套利的动因以及经济影响,依据结论的政策含义,总结了对我国新资本协议实施的启示。