改革开放以来中国乡镇企业全要素生产率增长的时空差异

利用非参数Mamquist指数方法分析了改革开放以来我国乡镇企业的全要素生产率(TFP)增长的时空特征。结果表明:1978年以来,乡镇企业TFP的年均增长率为4.8%,并且呈现出显著的阶段性变化和地区差异特征。从时间上来看,除了整顿提高阶段和调整创新阶段TFP的增长率为负以外,其他阶段TFP均实现了增长,并且表现为要素投入驱动和生产率提升双重驱动的特点,其中要素投入对经济增长的平均贡献占主体;从三大地带来看,乡镇企业TFP从东向西渐次降低;从八大综合经济区来看,北部和东部沿海综合经济区的乡镇企业TFP增长率最高,东北和长江中游综合经济区次之,其他四个综合经济地区相对较低。     

Travel motivations and destination choice: A study of British outbound market

Abstract

Knowledge of people's travel motivations and its association with destination selection plays a critical role in predicting future travel patterns. The objectives of this study were to uncover the underlying push and pull factors of motivation associated with British outbound pleasure travelers as well as to identify key motivational factors that have significant effects on destination choice. Six push factors and five pull factors were found. “Knowledge seeking” and “cleanliness & safety” were perceived as the most important push and pull factors respectively. The results of logistic regression analyses snowed that the British tend to visit the U.S. for “fun & excitement” and “outdoor activities,” Oceania for “family & friend togetherness,” and Asia to seek a “novel experience.” The findings of differential motivational factors across seven destinations suggest that a destination can capitalize on its strengths with an optimal combination of push and pull factors to attract and retain the British travelers.     

Total Factor Productivity Assessment of Tourism Industry: Evidence from China

This paper adopts the Malmquist Index and panel data model to measure and test the spatial–temporal evolutionary characteristics and the factors that affect total factor productivity of China's tourism industry from 2001 to 2009. The results show the following: there is a trend of growth in the total factor productivity of China's tourism industry, and technological progress is the dominant factor that affects total factor productivity changes, which indicates that the growth pattern of China's tourism industry has changed from a pattern driven by input factors to a pattern driven by technology; the spatial pattern of the total factor productivity of China's tourism industry has changed from a spatial pattern dominated by provinces with a low productivity to a spatial pattern dominated by provinces with a high productivity; the total factor productivity of China's tourism industry is mainly affected by the levels of economic and service industry development.     

What caused the rise of Airbnb? An examination of key macroeconomic factors

The social and economic implications of the Airbnb phenomenon have been the subject of much research. Yet, the academic literature on Airbnb is nascent. Specifically, the issue of whether major macroeconomic conditions affect the supply of Airbnb has not been investigated. To address this gap, we propose a conceptual model that explains the determinants of Airbnb supply and examine the extent to which major macroeconomic factors affect the supply of Airbnb. Specifically, we analyze the effects of hotel room rates (ADR), hotel demand, tourism demand, house prices, gross domestic product (GDP), wages and unemployment on the supply of Airbnb in 50 U.S. states. Results show that increases in hotel ADR, house prices, and GDP have contributed to an increase in the supply of Airbnb, whereas increases in unemployment rates and wages have adverse effects on Airbnb supply. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed within realms of macroeconomic theory.     

出境旅游需求的影响因素--兼论发展中经济体与发达经济体的异同

根据微观经济学的需求理论,结合相关研究进展,文章构建了包括基本经济因素（收入和相对价格）、对外开放度、旅游业发展水平、人口统计特征、突发事件等变量在内的出境旅游需求模型,以74个国家/地区1995—2013年的数据为样本,分析了发达经济体和发展中经济体出境旅游需求影响因素的总体特征与异同。结果表明,收入和价格是影响出境旅游需求的决定性因素,对外开放度、旅游业发展水平、人口统计特征及突发事件等其他因素对出境旅游需求同样具有一定的影响。其中,收入、价格以及产业发展水平对发展中经济体出境旅游需求的影响作用相对更大,而对外开放度和人口统计特征（就业水平、年龄结构和受教育水平）对发达经济体出境旅游需求的影响更加显著。     

农户林地资源流转影响因素的理论分析

林地流转是为了更好的实现林地资源的利用和优化配置,但目前中国林地流转规模和速度都较低,严重影响了林业的发展。本研究从微观和宏观方面对影响林地资源流转的因素进行理论分析,并提出规范和促进林地流转的对策建议。     

基于产业集群视角的企业营销要素研究

区域营销是产业集群竞争优势的重要来源。根据产业集群产品和主要构成企业的特点,可以将我国的产业集群分为出口加工、高新技术、乡镇企业、工业园区四类。各类产业集群面临的机会和威胁也不同。在竞争激烈的市场环境下,只有协调运用群内企业各营销要素,才能使产业集群产生持久竞争优势。     

Implementing Sustainability Reporting （SR）： （Neo-） Institutional Theory Insights in the Analysis of the SGR Group,Italy and CityGas,Bulgaria

The aim of this paper is to investigate how the corporate characteristics and contextual factors influence the choice of managers in initiating the sustainability report/reporting （SR） and to understand the role of organisational dynamics. The research design develops through a deductive and inductive approach. The deductive approach is based on an analysis of the Social and Environmental Accounting Research （SEAR） strands which use the theoretical framework of （neo-） institutional theory to inquire the adoption and diffusion of SR. The inductive method is based on a research case that focuses on the SGR Group. ＂How can the rico-institutional theory help explain the process of SGR＇s SR implementation in Italian and Bulgarian companies＂？ The study identifies both the internal and contextual factors associated with the SR development and the regulative, normative, and cognitive dimensions/factors that affect the implementation and institutionalisation of SR in Italy and Bulgaria, in accordance with the different institutional environments in which the social and sustainability accounting projects are developed.     

Understanding Synaesthesia-A Cognitive Perspective

Synaesthetic Metaphor is a universal phenomenon in language.I attempt to study it from a new cognitive perspective---Innatism and Embodied Philosophy,and try to achieve the dialectical unity of two philosophy views.     

浙江省经济增长要素贡献率的实证分析

在浙江省的经济增长过程中,劳动力贡献率是最低的,资金投入量与技术进步贡献率呈现上升趋势。就目前来看,在浙江省的经济发展中,资金投入量是经济增长的主动力,技术进步是经济增长的加速器,而劳动力资源为浙江省的经济增长提供了宽阔的空间。