国有林业企业股份合作制改造的认识与思考

股份合作制经济是改革中出现的新事物 ,本文分析了国有林业企业股份作制改造的必要性和有利条件 ,提出国有林业企业改制的目的以及改制过程中注意的问题。     

林业股份合作制的问题与对策

作者通过调查,分析了林业股份合作制产生的社会背景,并指出了林业股份合作制在实施过程中存在的５个主要问题：①对林业股份合作制认识不足;②产权主体不明晰;③利益分配不合理;④民主管理制度不健全;⑤相配套的政策与措施没有完善．文章依据社会主义市场经济发展的客观要求,提出了５点完善林业股份合作制的对策与建议．     

The relative impact of actual and potential rivalry on firm profitability in the pharmaceutical industry

This paper estimates the effects of actual and potential rivalry on profitability of firms in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry during the 20‐year period 1963–82. The results show that during the 1960s actual rivalry among the sampled firms did not materially affect firm profitability, but that during the 1970s competition among incumbents had an increasingly adverse effect on their profitability. The results also show that potential competition significantly reduced drug firms’ profitability during the entire 20‐year period. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

退耕还林工程的新政治经济学思考

新政治经济学是二战后西方社会出现的用经济学的方法研究政治问题的一门学术流派。依据新政治经济学有关理论,退耕还林工程属于公共物品,农民具有"经济人"属性。为实现退耕还林工程的生态目标,应当在政府和退耕农民之间建立起一种稳定的激励相容的契约关系:第一,继续完善供给机制,增强农民从事退耕还林工程建设的积极性;第二,建立退耕生态林产权收购制度,增加农民经济效益的可预期性。     

森林资源资产抵押贷款研究综述

本研究对森林资源资产抵押贷款相关研究文献进行了梳理归纳,着重介绍学术界关于森林资源资产抵押贷款概念、特征与作用;森林资源资产抵押贷款模式;森林资源资产抵押贷款制约因素及对策等问题的认识,展示近几年森林资源资产抵押贷款研究的概貌。     

四川省农民对集体林权制度改革的评价研究

四川省正在进行的集体林权制度改革,改革关系到众多农户的切身利益,农民对林改的看法与评价备受关注。通过对四川省5市的调研发现,尽管大多数农民对林改持积极乐观态度,但是部分农民对林改的内容不够了解,影响到整体评价结果。改革中存在的一些问题,如政策尚需理顺,林权抵押贷款较难获得等,需要在以后的工作中逐步改进。提出了对下一步工作的启示和三个在林改中可能出现的,需要进一步讨论的问题。     

股权分置改革前后A股IPO初始收益率的比较研究

本文采用股权分置改革前后的新股样本数据,对影响我国A股初始收益率的相关因素展开实证分析。研究发现,股权分置和发行管制是造成股权分置改革前A股IPO市场高初始收益率的根本原因,而在股权分置改革后,由于发行继续受到严格管制和投资者旧有定价理念及盈利模式的延续,新股的初始收益率仍然存在继续高企的制度基础和市场条件。因此,在股权分置改革后,管理层应进一步推进发行监管制度改革,实现股票供给市场化。     

论机动车交通事故责任强制保险第三者的直接求偿权

在我国,机动车交通事故责任强制保险第三者是否享有直接求偿权的争议并未因《保险法》的修订而停止,本文从合同相对性理论的突破和责任保险理论基础的变化入手,分析了赋予第三者直接求偿权的现实意义,并从法理角度论证了该项权利的性质。最后,结合各国的立法现状,对我国现行相关立法和司法实践进行评析,同时提出相应对策和应注意的问题。     

基于供给侧的承包经营权抵押贷款需求与可获性研究——以常州市武进区为例

以全国农村改革试验区的新型农业经营主体作为研究对象,以多项Probit模型估计作为主要研究方法,对承包经营权抵押贷款需求与可获性的影响因素、存在联系进行分析。研究结果表明：目前的农地承包经营权抵押贷款存在着处于制度探索阶段的内部微观供求结构错位和外部宏观供求平衡特征的小范围均衡。无论是需求还是可获性都受经营者教育水平、家庭年总收入和土地规模的影响,人们可以从这三方面入手进一步实现需求与可获性的均衡。最后,基于供给侧结构性改革思路为经营权抵押的改革试验提出了针对性的政策建议。     

The right to adequate housing: evictions of the homeless and the elderly caused by the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo

Abstract

The reconstruction of the National Stadium for the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics in Tokyo has induced displacement of two groups of vulnerable people, raising concerns of the violation of human rights, particularly the right to adequate housing. The expansion of the stadium led to the expulsion of dozens of homeless people who lived in and around the park surrounding the stadium, and a sudden decision to demolish a nearby public housing estate built for the 1964 Summer Games forced over 200 tenants, most of whom were elderly, to be relocated. While the homeless people engaged in several rounds of negotiation with the government authorities, the majority of the housing tenants reluctantly agreed to move except for a few who kept demanding respectful treatment from the metropolitan government. Presenting the preliminary results of a mixed-method three-year qualitative study, this research note demonstrates that while the authority might have offered alternative housing considered ‘adequate’ in terms of physical living conditions, the process of evictions did not afford autonomy for the affected to choose where to live. The respective status of the affected – homeless and elderly – may demand the reconsideration of the concept of ‘adequate housing’ in relation to human dignity.