从企业产权制度建设上推进企业治理结构的完善

公司治理结构从某种意义上可以说是公司法人产权制度的组织形式,公司法人产权的有效安排是公司治理结构有效性的基本前提。由于我国的企业改革基本上是沿着各种形式的委托－－代理思路展开的,现代企业制度的一个基本特征,即区别于通常所说的古典企业的突出特点,恰在于产权方面的委托－－代理,因而考察我国现代企业制度建设,把企业法人产权与企业治理结构统一起来加以分析,便有着重要的理论意义和实践价值。     

现代企业制度建设中的产权改革亟待理论创新

本结合新经济时代以来企业财产权利制度的变革及中国经济体制设计的具体实际对现代产权理论的发展演化进行了研究。提出了不同于西方经济学家的产权理论的“产权”新定义,阐述了现代产权理论的思想核心、在特定产权实体中的“产权利益相关方”的组成、界定和它们之间的博弈关系。     

企业现金流量表的比率分析

在市场经济条件下,企业的现金流量在很大程度上决定着企业的生存和发展能力。通过对现金流量的分析,人们可以清晰地了解企业的资金周转情况和短期经营风险,评价企业的财务结构和企业偿付债务的能力,判断企业适应外部环境变化对现金收支进行调节的余地及企业持续发展的可能趋势。     

谈国有企业劳动人事管理体制的改革

文章分析了当前国有企业劳动人事管理体制的改革,必须适应具有全局意义的“两个根本性的转变”。不但要改革传统的劳动人事管理观念,而且要建立适应“两个转变”的社会主义市场经济要求的国有企业人力资源管理体制,建立资源型的、人力资源配置市场化的动态的、开发型的和与人力资源开发使用相适应的分配体制的人力资源管理体制。     

公共商品收费之我见—对“费改税”的再认识

“费改税”并不是简单地变费为税,而是“税费归位”改革工作在当前的表现形式和具体要求,事实上,公共商品的收费如果运用得当,可以成为地方财政一项良好的筹资模式,更是发展中国家缓解财政困境的有效措施,该分析了公共商品收费的理论依据和经济效应,提出公共商品收费应遵循的原则,并借鉴国际经验提出当前“税费归位”工作的重点。     

Spam mails impede economic growth

We estimate labor losses caused by spam mails and input these estimated values into a production function, while also estimating damage to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Japan. As a result, we have found that spam mails decreased the Japanese GDP by about 500 billion yen in 2004. This marginal negative effect of spam mail to the GDP increased with the progress of broadband in 2000. Moreover, from the result of a social simulation conducted by the authors, the amount of damage is projected to reach 1% of the Japanese GDP by 2010, unless adequate countermeasures are taken against spam mails. This projection provides a statistical fundamental to several theoretical analyses of spam mails.     

商业银行股权激励的特殊意义与现实问题分析

银行业普遍存在的管制,使银行面临着有限的控制权市场和接管威胁,从而大大降低了市场约束银行管理者的能力,因此对银行而言,通过股权激励机制协调股东和管理者的利益、降低代理成本显得尤为重要.我国商业银行实施股权激励不应盲目照搬西方国家的范例,应慎重选择股权激励的实施范围,目前最好只局限在高级管理人员,通过对股权激励机制的合理设计来充分发挥其长期激励效应,切不可盲目扩大激励范围,将股权激励演变成一种新的福利措施.应尽快建立起以经济资本为核心的业绩考核体系,在经济资本的约束下实现业务发展模式和盈利模式的转变.股权激励机制的有效实施离不开完善的银行治理结构.     

The Distributional Properties of the Debt to Equity Ratio: Some Implications for Empirical Research

The purpose here is to assess empirically the quasi-supply side model of the firm developed in the paper by Ashton et al. (2004 ) by testing the prediction of the model that the evolution of a firm's debt to equity ratio will be compatible with a non-linear (target adjustment) process whose underlying probability density function possesses no convergent moments. Using a thirty-two-year history of the debt to equity ratio for each of ninety 'mature' United Kingdom firms, a non-parametric estimation procedure shows that the debt to equity ratio evolves in terms of a process which is largely consistent with the predictions of this model. In particular, the evolution of the debt to equity ratio is compatible with a 'long (fat) tailed' density function with no convergent moments. This has the important implication, supported by our empirical analysis, that the linear dynamic models which characterize empirical work in this area will be mis-specified and will return inconsistent and temporally unstable estimates of the target adjustment process as a consequence.     

Achieving High Quality, Comparable Financial Reporting: A Review of Independent Enforcement Bodies in Australia and the United Kingdom

This article provides a review of the activities of two quite different types of national enforcement body, the U.K.'s Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). We present material (some not available elsewhere) about their activities over the period 1998–2004 and show that both types of body can fulfil an enforcement role, albeit subject to political forces. We also assess the relevance of the bodies' past activities for comparable international enforcement following the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2005. A review of cases reveals that for both bodies approximately half were related to recognition and measurement issues, where interpretation can be crucial. Although there is potential for cross-country differences to arise, they may be mitigated by the participation of both bodies in international enforcement coordination activities. Past activities suggest that the scope of the bodies' activities and the extent of comparability of enforcement decisions are likely to reflect political views held within the government, corporate sector and accounting profession.     

Corporate governance and the timeliness of corporate internet reporting by U.K. listed companies

This study is an examination of the timeliness of corporate internet reporting by U.K. companies listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The research examines the significance of several corporate governance and firm-specific characteristics as potential determinants of the timeliness of corporate internet reporting.Our primary analysis provides evidence of a significant association between timely corporate internet reporting and the corporate governance characteristics of board experience and board independence. Our findings provide evidence that boards with less cross directorships, more experience in terms of the average age of directors, and lower length in service for executive directors provide more timely corporate internet reporting. We find that board independence is negatively associated with timely corporate internet reporting.Follow-up analysis provides additional evidence of a significant association between the timeliness of corporate internet reporting and board experience. The evidence indicates that role duality and block ownership are associated with less timely corporate internet reporting.Our findings also reveal strengths and weaknesses in the Internet reporting of U.K. listed companies. Companies need to voluntarily focus on improving the timeliness dimension of their corporate internet reporting so that the EU and U.K. accounting regulators do not replace recommendations with regulations.