Feminism’s fourth wave: a research agenda for marketing and consumer research

Abstract

Three waves of feminism each reveal a very different relationship with marketing. This commentary considers these relationships in the light of what is now frequently being hailed as the fourth wave, a resurgence of feminism that is driven by younger women who harness the power of the Internet and social media to challenge gender inequity. The commentary looks at what distinguishes the fourth wave from its predecessors and highlights key areas in marketing and consumer research where feminist perspectives are sorely required.     

城乡一体化进程中城市二代移民的社会诉求与应对

城乡一体化发展进程中城市二代移民是一个庞大的社会群体。了解他们的诉求,从政策与实践上作出应对,切实维护他们的合法权利,是统筹城乡发展的根本要求,也是贯彻落实科学发展观的根本体现。通过对城市二代移民的生存境遇的阐述,以解读其社会诉求,并提出了相关对策建议。     

South Africa has Second Homes Too! An Exploration of the Unexplored

The aim of this investigation is to make a contribution towards addressing the paucity of academic reflection on second home development in South Africa. More specifically, the paper aims to provide some preliminary insights into the question of what types of second homes there are in South Africa and what impacts second home development holds for different types of urban settlements. The examples drawn upon in this investigation cover diverse urban settings. These case studies include (1) a small rural town in the eastern Free State province – Clarens; (2) a small coastal village in KwaZulu-Natal – Zinkwazi; and (3) a neighbourhood in the Cape Town Metropolitan area – De Waterkant. While the case studies elucidate unique development characteristics and impacts, the investigations also highlight some commonalities. In particular, it is firstly argued that second home development in South Africa demonstrates similarities to developments found internationally; and secondly, that the near-generic impacts of second homes found elsewhere are echoed in the South African context too. Here, in particular, the generation of employment and property price appreciation stand out as key similarities.     

中国区域电力消费需求决定因素的实证研究

实证研究区域电力消费需求的决定因素,对我国各个地区能源(电力)供求与经济协调发展意义重大。以2004年中国省域电力消费量截面数据为电力需求的度量指标,采用截面回归分析模型和多种检验指标,分析并估计检验了经济、人口、电价及第二产业比重对区域电力需求的作用机制。结果显示:区域经济、人口、第二产业比重各增长1%,区域电力需求将分别增长0.38%、0.27%、1.91%,当电力消费价格增长1%时,区域电力需求将降低4.46%。结论表明:电力消费与区域经济及人口增长之间存在密切的内生联系,通过经济增长方式的转变和人口规模的控制对电力消费产生影响是可能的;第二产业比重和电价是影响中国区域电力消费的主要因素。     

金融风暴背景下我国经济的发展机遇

我国在世界经济中的特殊性将使我国可能面临一个巨大的机遇。在百年一遇的金融风暴面前,国家应该增强自信,拿出魄力,以更加积极的态度抓住危机中隐藏的机遇,稳妥地布控金融圣地华尔街,进军国际金融市场,推进金融市场开放,审时度势地推进相关体制改革,转"危"为"机"。同时通过稳健积极的姿态给国民注入强心剂,引导国民信心的回归。     

When Does an Inflation Target Yield the Second Best?

It is shown that an inflation target does not establish the second best if the central bank is independent and the government collects seigniorage revenues. To eliminate excessive inflation and ensure that stabilization is efficient, society should combine an optimal inflation target with a central bank that attaches less weight to inflation stabilization than the public does.     

货币危机理论综述

20世纪 90年代 ,在欧洲、拉美、东南亚以及其它地区发生的货币危机 ,引起了世界范围对货币投机攻击和固定汇率崩溃的关注。为了理解货币危机发生的原因和后果 ,研究人员进行了大量的理论和经验方面的研究工作。本文主要对有关货币危机理论文献进行较为详细的综述 ,为以后的研究提供一个平台。     

Exit from the high street: an exploratory study of sustainable fashion consumption pioneers

In today's fashion system, dominated by business models predicated on continual consumption and globalized production systems that have major environmental and social impacts, the consumption of ‘sustainable fashion’ takes on an almost paradoxical quality. This paper explores this paradox by focusing on a previously under‐researched group of consumers – ‘sustainable fashion consumption pioneers’ who actively engage and shape their own discourse around the notion of sustainable fashion consumption. These pioneers actively create and communicate strategies for sustainable fashion behaviour that can overcome the nebulous and somewhat paradoxical reality that sustainable development in the fashion industry presents. Specifically, we use passive netnography and semi‐structured interviews to illuminate the role of motivational and contextual factors that help shape these consumers' definitions of sustainable fashion including such key behaviours as purchasing fewer garments of higher quality, exiting the retail market, purchasing only second‐hand fashion goods and sewing or upgrading their own clothing. Central to much of these behaviours is the notion that personal style, rather than fashion, can bridge the potential disconnect between sustainability and fashion while also facilitating a sense of well‐being not found in traditional fashion consumption. As such, our research suggests that for these consumers sustainability is as much about reducing measurable environmental or social impacts as it is about incorporating broader concepts through which to achieve goals beyond the pro‐environmental or ethical.     

交易成本的降低与条件约束下的次优选择：枣庄土地使用权封闭贷款案例

为破鳃中小企业土地确权难题,山东省枣庄市创新推出了土地使用权封闭贷款业务。在运作过程中,政府部门通过推荐申贷企业、还贷周转金等公共服务的提供有效降低了信贷交易成本,为信贷契约的达成创造了条件;而对信贷资金的封闭与冻结符合银行的个体理性,是在确保信贷资金安全条件约束下的次优选择。土地使用权封闭贷款进一步挖掘释放了企业的融资潜能,具有一定的现实意义和市场推广价值。     

中国二线城市房地产业现状及可持续发展研究

无论在西方发达国家还是中国,房地产业都是国民经济的基础性产业、主导性产业和支柱性产业。改革开放以来,我国房地产业以惊人的速度发展,取得了令世人瞩目的成就,但也滋生了许多社会问题和矛盾。时至今日,一线城市的房地产市场已趋近饱和,二线城市正逐渐走上历史的舞台,成为房地产业新一轮发展的主角。与此同时,政府为了遏制房地产业的过快发展,多次制定并出台了调控政策,这些愈发严厉的调控手段给二线城市房地产业腾飞蒙上了一层阴影。本文利用房地产经济学的知识和原理,结合我国二线城市的实际特点,从区位、经济和市场等多个角度分析了二线城市房地产业发展的现状和前景,剖析了产业发展中已经存在的或可能产生的问题和矛盾,并对二线城市房地产业的可持续发展提出了具体的建议。