Patterns of world wheat trade, 1945–2010: The long hangover from the second food regime

Food regime analysis is concerned with interpreting possibilities and conflicts inherent to the 21st‐century food system in historical terms. This paper summarizes the theoretical discussion of the food regime method, and of the identification of different “food regime periods” throughout modern history. While it is widely accepted that the so‐called “second food regime” has already ended, there is much discussion on whether or not it is possible to talk about a more recent third food regime. This paper traces the evolution of the “wheat complex” over the “second food regime” (1947–1973) and over the next 45 years, and offers an explanation for the evolution of world wheat trade distribution, based on food regime analysis. Certain authors have claimed that the collapse of the WTO Doha round of negotiations may be understood as a “hangover” from the second food regime. Similarly, this paper argues that the increasing wheat dependence of poor and insecure countries over the past 40 years may be considered as a path dependence outcome of a process initiated during the second food regime.     

二次创业与提高黑龙江省商业企业国际竞争力研究

通过分析影响商业企业国际竞争力的三个因素,即强有力的流通体系、规模化特征及品牌影响力,针对黑龙江省商业企业流通体系不健全、规模化特征不明显、未形成品牌效应的现状,提出应采取提高黑龙江省商业企业核心竞争力,实施并购、重组,实施品牌战略,优化外部环境等措施来提升黑龙江省商业企业国际竞争力。     

防止玉米成为“第二个大豆”的战略研究——从产业之囿到破局之策

目的 2020年以来,中国玉米市场发生深刻变化,呈现进口首次突破配额、进口市场更加集中、进口规模增长间隔短和价格创记录4个特点;从长期看,中国玉米供应偏紧、价格倒挂,以及进口量增加难以逆转,玉米正在呈现大豆的苗头性迹象。文章旨在宏观研判玉米发展成为“第二个大豆”的可能性,并从战略布局予以防止。方法 从多方面对比了中国玉米产业和大豆产业特征的异同,为回答玉米是否会成为“第二个大豆”这一问题提供了多角度证据。结果 玉米产业形势相对乐观,不会成为“第二个大豆”,但玉米产业自身的发展特性和中国玉米产业现存的困境不容忽视。结论 科学把控,系统谋划,综合施策,从种植结构调整、良种攻关、全程机械化、优势玉米带建设、烘干设施、“走出去”六大工程着手,解决玉米产业技术装备相对落后、竞争力弱、需求增速快等难题,从战略上防止玉米成为第二个大豆。     

Second and higher moments of fundamentals: A literature review

This literature review outlines the recent progress in fundamental second and higher moments of research. We survey the moments’ existence, formation, and financial market and macroeconomic implications. Research shows that time‐varying volatility and non‐Gaussian shocks exist throughout all measures of fundamentals at both the micro‐ and macro levels. In addition, the granular network among firms helps explain the origin of fundamental second and higher moments. Empirical evidence shows that the moments have strong predictive power on asset prices and macroeconomic variables. We also highlight several areas where more research is needed to better understand the moments.     

有关第二方审核的理论探索与实践研究

在当前第三方审核有效性趋于降低的情况下,第二方审核优越性重新被企业重视,国际公司开始重视对自身子公司、供应商、承包商实施的第二方审核。如何完善和发展第二方审核,成为客户(审核委托方)和审核机构亟需解决的课题。深入研究第二方审核的理论基础、审核方案的策划、审核的实施、审核结论的表达、持续改进的理论方法成为第二方审核研究的第一要务。深层次的分析第二方审核的分类及理论支持,以促进第二方审核的发展和推广。     

网络英语聊天室对二语习得情感因素的作用探析

以计算机多媒体和网络技术为核心的新型网络教学平台正在逐步引入到英语教学领域,它为英语教学提供了广泛的学习资源、方便的学习工具、灵活的学习策略.研究表明,因特网虚拟平台-网络英语聊天室能对二语习得中的情感因素产生积极的作用,尤其能够激发二语习得者良好的外语学习动机,降低二语习得中的焦虑和自我抑制.     

浅析二级价格差与石油资源的消费控制

作为稀缺资源的石油，针对其生产和消费，许多国家政府对石油企业及其消费者进行或明或暗的补助，正是因为此种资源的补助特点，提出了应该根据不同消费量制定消费价格的能源消费机制。     

第二类stirling数S（n，n-L）中n、M、L之间关系的探讨

摘要：第二类stirling数5（n,n-L）是分配问题中实用价值很高的分配数,计算起来均较为繁琐,在限制条件n≥M下,对于n与L的取值不同目前已出现一些不同的计算公式,但对于n、M、L之间的内在联系还缺乏较深的认识,通过对n、M、L之间关系的讨论,揭示了它们的内在规律,并给出了S（n,n-L）的一个计算公式．