Changing rural landscapes: A need for planning and management

This article explains how recreational subdivisions convert large tracts of rural land in the USA into ‘potential vacation homesites’. Much subdivision has occurred in areas where land use regulations are weak or non-existent. All too often developers have implemented an operational framework without a master plan, have not adhered to local environmental constraints, and failed to provide the most basic services needed for human habitation. Many of these so-called ‘planned new communities’ qualify as neither communities nor planned and end up as ghost subdivisions with vast acreages of unused, vacant land marked by an elaborate network of bladed roads. Specific developmental guidelines are suggested to assist governmental officials in reducing the negative impact associated with the premature subdivision of land years prior to its expected use.     

代际家务支持对家庭二胎生育状况的影响

利用CFPS2016的横截面数据,分析了老年父母提供家务支持对子女家庭二胎生育状况的影响。研究结果表明：首先,老年父母帮忙料理家务会显著提高子女家庭二胎的生育率4.9%,进行工具变量再检验系数增加至7%,且具有稳健性。其次,老年父母提供代际家务支持对儿子家庭二胎生育的影响大于女儿。最后,农村家庭的代际家务支持对子女生育二胎的影响大于城市家庭的影响。从代际家务支持影响子女家庭二胎生育状况的角度,验证了老年人的家庭价值,也从侧面说明老年人提供的代际支持是提高生育率的有效途径。     

An operational method to supporting siting decisions for sustainable rural second home planning in ecotourism sites

Due to inadequate environmental assessments, many sustainable tourism destinations have not contributed to both conservation and development as expected. This paper describes an operational spatial planning method to evaluate the suitability of an ecotourism site. As using the multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) based on the understanding of all possible aspects and implications of the existing regional planning, this work presents a process to siting second home countryside in the study area, La Vera County, Spain. Accordingly, this study explores the criteria using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) with the primary screening and supporting opportunities of environmental conservation and economic growth as well. To reach a consensus criteria weight, a field survey to local residents and group discussion with a panel of experts were conducted for an analytical procedure, making them more objective. Then, it evaluated the suitability of the study area in order to optimally site a rural second home based on the previous constraints and criteria with the aid of the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator weighing functions with constant value of orness and maximum entropy. The assessment results provide a new empirical approach and valuable management tool to evaluate the existing infrastructure and environment and to predict their future improvements that can be reapplied to other destinations. These strongly emphasize benefits to the local community and effective ecotourism with its integration. Particularly, this model analysis proposes a method to demonstrate the participatory attitude of local residents in the sustainable planning assessment.     

Nonoptimality of the Friedman Rule with Capital Income Taxation

This paper studies the efficient taxation of money and factor income in intertemporal optimizing growth models with infinite horizons, transaction costs technologies, and flexible prices. Second‐best optimality calls for a positive inflation tax and a nonzero capital income tax when there are restrictions on taxation of production factors or profits/rents. Our cases of nonoptimality of the Friedman rule—which differ from those of Mulligan and Sala‐i‐Martin (1997) and extend substantially those of Schmitt‐Grohè and Uribe (2004a) —follow from the violation of the Diamond and Mirrlees (1971) principle on production efficiency.     

艾森豪威尔政府第二次柏林危机政策的形成——兼论大规模报复战略的缺陷

冷战初期,尤其是艾森豪威尔政府执政时期,美国奉行的是＂大规模报复战略＂。然而在第二次柏林危机中,艾森豪威尔政府在拟定应对危机的政策时,并没有以大规模报复战略作为指导原则。大规模报复战略之所以被抛弃,是因为其存在着不可克服的局限性。     

二板市场与主板市场的信息披露比较

二板市场的高收益、高风险特性,决定了它与主板市场在信息披露方面存在着较大的差异.这种差异表现在上市公司运营的不同阶段.二者在各类信息披露的内容、频率以及监管部门对信息披露的监管力度和要求等方面均有所不同.     

基于Second Life的虚拟创业实验室研究与实践

Second Life是一个能够进行社会交往、角色扮演、创建虚拟产品、开展真实交易的3D虚拟商业世界，为高校创业教育提供了突破传统教学难题的新型学习环境。本文提出了以虚拟现实的Second Life为平台，基于建构主义理论和浸入式教学方法，以严肃游戏的形式建设虚拟创业实验室的新思路，重点在于培养大学生在未来创业过程中所应具备的基本创业技能以及调查分析能力，达到提高大学生综合创业素质的目标。     

加强第二课堂建设 提高大学生的素质

第二课堂对实施素质教育具有重要作用。本文介绍了我院加强第二课堂建设,提高大学生素质的实践及其效果。     

从认知心理学角度看可理解输出假说

自从二语教学中的可理解输入假说和可理解输出假说相继提出后,二者都得到了理论和实证上的支持。从认知心理学的角度对输出假说进行审视,语言输出在二语习得中具有不可忽视的重要性。     

北京汽车产业“集团化发展”二次创业探索

以北汽集团为依托的北京汽车产业,在过去十年跨越式发展的基础上,面对国际、国内汽车产业发展的新形势,以建设成为具有自主创新能力,拥有自主核心技术,形成有国际影响力的自主品牌,具备持续发展潜力和国际竞争力的大型汽车企业集团为目标,以打造自主品牌乘用车为突破口,全面建立北汽集团自主创新体系,探索"集团化发展"二次创业的新路子。