Economic Integration: Systemic Measures in an Input–Output Framework

Countries are linked through trade and for their mutual benefits they often group together. Consequently, trade blocs are formed in some form or another, examples of which are the EU, EFTA, ASEAN, NAFTA, and SAARC. Depending upon the form and the nature of the grouping, trade relations among countries obviously vary across the trade blocs. The pattern and the volume of trade of the participating countries are different and thus cause different impacts on the growth and development of the countries concerned. Also, the nature of integration changes over time. To examine the strength of integration within trade blocs, systemic measures of integration hitherto not available are formulated in an input–output framework. The measures are used, as a case study, to assess the inter-temporal variations in the degree of integration of SAARC.     

河北省区域教育信息化现状评估及其战略规划研究——一个SWOT分析框架

区域教育信息化是指各地区在国家统一计划下，根据自身的实际情况，应用现代信息术，充分利用软、硬件资源，优化教育结构，加速本地区教育现代化的过程。就河北省来看，有区域教育信息化的优势，也有区域教育信息化的劣势，既有机遇也有挑战。因此，只有对我的区域教育信息化做出准确的定位，才能形成科学系统的区域教育信息化战略规划。     

Timeliness of Reporting and Earnings Information Transfers

This study examines earnings timeliness and its effect on earnings information transfers. Empirical analyses focus on a sample of approximately fifteen hundred earnings reports and nearly four thousand information transfers. The principal findings are: (1) earlier earnings releases yield negative information transfers, (2) earnings releases yield negative (nominal) information transfers to firms that previously (subsequently) release their earnings reports, and (3) earlier earnings releases yield negative information transfers to firms that have not yet disclosed earnings. These findings show that the timing of earnings reports has significant and far-reaching economic consequences.     

An Intelligent Distributed System for Strategic Decision Making

The decision-making process in strategic planning is often too complex to be handled by conventional methods. Strategic planning problems (building new plans, new product planning, etc.) belong to the class of problems called ill-structured by H. Simon. They involve a decomposition of the main problem into a set of subproblems, a reasoning process at the subproblem level, and then a coordinated and aggregated process to build a global solution. Because partial solutions are generated without having a complete view of the global objective, this type of decision-making process very often generates incoherent and contradictory hypotheses and actions. Therefore, the main problem is to find a way to achieve coherence and coordination among decisions made locally by different agents, at different levels.Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence, particularly in the field of multi-agent theory, offer great promises in modeling strategic planning processes. In this article we present a general framework called 'A Coherent Plan of Coordinated Actions (CPCA)' for building intelligent distributed strategic decision making systems which integrates advances in both distributed decision making and Distributed Artificial Intelligence. We then describe a multi-blackboard system, ARISTOTE, which is aimed at helping corporate managers address the feasibility and coherence of a plan of actions.     

Real Versus Tariff Liberalization: A Welfare Comparison Under Monopolistic Competition

A distinction between real trade costs (e.g., administration, border formalities, transport costs) and tariff costs is introduced into a standard monopolistic competition trade model. Driven by the number of firms, welfare under real trade barriers turns out to be lower than under an equivalent tariff barrier. Based on this finding, the paper shows that integration or rather liberalization measures (generating a certain increase in world trade) that reduce real trade barriers generate a larger welfare gain than integration consisting of a reduction in tariffs.     

试论供应链管理下的企业整合策略

分析了供应链企业之间存在的主要矛盾和分歧,然后对如何加强供应链企业的整合提出了一些对策措施。     

战略物流管理的效益模型

战略物流管理是新兴的现代管理技术 ,其中核心问题是如何提高效益。效益模型的策划和找出影响它的主要因素是本文所要解决的问题     

企业横向并购后的内部供应链整合

横向并购已经成为企业快速扩张的一种有效手段，而内部供应链的整合将会决定横向并购行为的成败。横向并购后的企业为避免原有的两条供应链各自为战，并且为整合外部供应链打下基础，必须进行内部供应链的整合。通过运用业务流程再造、采用先进的预测方法、采用供应商管理库存以及延迟产品差异化等策略可以实现提高内部供应链效率和响应速度，提升供应链柔性的内部供应链整合目的。     

基于动态计量模型的青海省域经济增长实证分析

青海作为西部大开发中增长相对较慢的省份，其经济增长的问题与切入点如何，文章运用Eviews5．0统计软件，根据协整理论将对拉动经济增长的消费、投资、进出口三大马车与青海省的经济增长进行了实证研究。结果表明加快与社会主义市场经济相适应的各种制度的改革，引导消费，扩大需求，继续加大投资是当前加快青海省经济增长的着眼点。     

The Competitiveness of European Financial Markets

The countries that together make up the euro area are undergoing a process of far-reaching change, with established national financial markets merging into one new European market accompanied by deregulation, cross-border consolidation, and increased competition within the euro area. These developments will help to increase longterm economic growth and will have a strong bearing on the international competitiveness of the European financial sector, leading to innovation and modernisation. This paper presents the underlying rationale of financial integration and increased competitiveness of European financial markets and provides a snapshot of where financial integration has been successful and where work is ongoing. It also notes important historical experiences of U.S. financial integration. It concludes by highlighting the role and recent activities of the European Central Bank and the Eurosystem in promoting and enhancing further financial integration. JEL Classification F15, G15