《等待戈多》中的隐喻分析

贝克特的代表作《等待戈多》将人类生存的荒诞蕴藏在一个含蓄的隐喻系统之中,表达了他对人类、对生活的认识和感受,揭示了现代人类处境的尴尬和现代社会的荒谬。     

比喻在电路定理中的应用

电路定理是电路理论的重要组成部分。采用行之有效的教学方法帮助学生理解定理内容,是我们迫切要解决的问题。比喻教学法就是一种很好的教学方法。本文以电路中比较常用的三个定理为例,说明比喻在电路定理中的应用。     

Social network contingency,symbolic management,and boundary stretching

A firm's structural position within corporate networks may affect the extent to which it engages in boundary stretching practices. Since social norms support low CEO compensation, offering high CEO compensation in China can be seen as a boundary stretching practice. Setting up a compensation committee (CC) may be viewed as a form of symbolic management in China. We argue that firms operating within central corporate network positions opt to pay higher CEO compensation without engaging in symbolic management. On the other hand, firms operating in structural hole positions tend to either pay lower CEO compensation or use CCs as a symbolic management tool in order to pay higher CEO compensation. Our hypotheses are largely supported based on 7,618 firm‐year observations in China. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Implication of Bourdieu's Theory of Practice for Leisure Studies

The purpose of this article is to illustrate the effectiveness of Pierre Bourdieu's sociological theory and encourage more holistic use of his concepts of habitus, capital, field, and symbolic violence in leisure research. We briefly review the manner in which leisure researchers have utilized Bourdieu's work. Second, we apply Bourdieu's notions of habitus, capital, field, and symbolic violence to understand inequitable participation in hunting activities in American society. We conclude by offering recent issues in recreational hunting and recommendations for practitioners based on interpretations of Bourdieu's concepts.     

Deconstructing the meerkat: fabular anthropomorphism,popular culture,and the market

Abstract

In this paper we attempt to create an understanding of fabular anthropomorphism of particular relevance to marketing communication. Through an examination of the religious, anthropological, rhetorical and marketing literature on personification and anthropomorphism we arrive at six principles that characterise the use of animals as symbols in instructional storytelling. We then examine the applicability of these principles by investigating the way in which meerkats have recently been used in popular culture and marketing communication. We find that our proposed definition of a marketing-orientated fabular anthropomorphism is broadly applicable and is helpful in understanding why certain anthropomorphic depictions will resonate with audiences and others will not.

Summary statement of contribution This research proposes a set of principles that help us to understand the way in which fabular instantiations of anthropomorphism can be successfully used in marketing communication. It presents a case study that demonstrates the applicability of the findings.     

Brand personality inference: The moderating role of product meaning

Abstract

This study draws on categorisation theory to investigate how consumers make brand personality inferences. Its purpose is to determine the basic category at which consumers make brand personality inferences and whether this level varies for functional and symbolic products. Experimental results show that the basic level of categorisation for brand personality inferences is the brand level for symbolic products and the product type level for functional products. These findings suggest that managers may have less latitude to adopt diverse personalities for functional than symbolic products. The study also demonstrates that, in contrast to prior work, future research on brand personality should consider a wider range of sources of personality.     

The Use of Metaphor in the Exploration of the Brand Concept

The use of metaphor in research and in marketing is discussed. A typology is presented for the structure of the use of metaphor in understanding the brand concept. Three underpinning or ‘root’ metaphors are identified together with fourteen associated branch or submetaphors. The three root metaphors are: brand as diferentiating mark, brand as person and brand as asset. A number of issues surrounding the use of metaphor in the literature on branding are identified. These include the mixing of metaphors and attempts to treat metaphors as if they are terms or constructs capable of separate definition, instead of devices by which we can understand more about the brand concept. Certain metaphors, such as brand loyalty, have become terms and have then taken on a separate meaning from the original entity they were meant to illuminate. An emergent root metaphor, brand as role, is identified as having potential to develop a broader understanding of the brand concept.

A life stage model is derived to explain how the role and use of individual metaphors evolves or changes over their life. Metaphors may pass through as many as four life stages: creation, when the metaphor is first used; a second stage in which the metaphor may become dormant; a life stage when the metaphor is at its most active; and a death stage when the metaphor becomes a term.     

英汉植物喻体文化差异及其美学考量

比喻是增强语言艺术表达效果的重要修辞手段之一。每个民族都在用植物比喻,丰富美化着自己的语言,但由于审美主体和审美心理等因素的影响,又存在着文化差异。了解比喻的美需要了解文化,这样才能真正体味比喻的美。     

法庭语言中概念隐喻的特点

该文从认知语言学和法律语言学角度，基于语料，分析了法庭语言中概念隐喻的特点。研究的结果显示，与其他语言变体相比，法庭语言中的隐喻表达具有如下特点：多以明喻的形式出现，始源域和目标域往往具有上下义的关系，始源域的选择受到目标域的限制，大多以口语形式出现．出庭人员谨慎地使用隐喻表达，较多出现于法庭演说和法庭辩论阶段，较少出现于提问和交叉询问阶段。     

隐喻的分类视角及其语篇建构功能

当代隐喻研究深受功能语言学和认知语言学理论的影响,日益关注隐喻的语篇建构功能。隐喻的语篇建构功能是全方位、系统化的,不同隐喻类型分担着各自的职能。从隐喻的分类视角关注隐喻的语篇建构功能,利于明确不同隐喻现象与语篇多维组建的关系。