提升我国服务贸易竞争力的路径分析

改革开放以来,我国服务贸易发展迅速。但是我国服务贸易总额占世界服务贸易总额比重很小,且服务贸易逆差逐年加大,因此提高我国服务贸易竞争力就显得尤为迫切。本文从对我国服务贸易现状的分析入手,通过对服务贸易竞争力在高级生产要素缺乏,服务水平不高,发展缓慢等问题的分析的基础上,揭示了我国服务贸易竞争力在国内外方面的不足,并在此基础上提出应对策。     

解读双重贸易技术壁垒:专利与标准的整合

本文通过考察当前国际贸易中日益盛行的双重贸易技术壁垒现象,提出了专利的标准趋势观,并进行了专利与标准的关联分析以阐释双重壁垒的成因及其杠杆效用,文末提供了一些应对思考,以助力企业对双重壁垒的成功跨越。     

服务出口复杂度与经济增长质量：一项跨国经验研究

借鉴测度服务出口复杂度的最新方法,在测算了包括中国在内的35个国家服务出口复杂度指数基础之上,利用2000—2013年跨国面板数据,计量检验了服务出口复杂度对经济增长“质”的影响。结论表明,无论是以全要素生产率作为经济增长质量的替代变量,还是以劳动生产率作为替代变量,服务出口复杂度对经济增长的“质”均表现出显著积极影响,即服务出口复杂度越高,对经济增长质量的促进作用越明显。此外,研究还发现,人力资本、创新能力、贸易开放度以及利用外资等均对经济增长质量提升具有促成作用。     

Infrastructure provision and international market share rivalry

The paper examines a model of strategic infrastructure investment. Two oligopolistic firms compete on home and foreign product markets for market shares. The national governments support the firms in the market rivalry by providing cost reducing public infrastructure services that are financed out of taxing an input used in the production process. It is shown, that infrastructure policy can be used as an instrument for strategic trade policy. However, governments are facing the problem of balancing the burden of taxation and the benefits of infrastructures. The theoretical model also raises some critical issues with respect to the policy relevance of recent empirical infrastructure research.     

上海市宝山区钢铁贸易行业的SCP分析

本文首先简述了钢铁贸易行业的内涵,在此基础上以上海市宝山区为例,对钢铁贸易行业进行SCP分析,并针对存在的问题提出相应对策.     

金融危机下人民币汇率变动对外贸的影响——以山东青岛为例

自人民币汇率制度改革以来,人民币汇率波幅明显增大,并呈现持续升值的势头,金融危机期间,人民币汇率波动更加频繁,势必对我国外贸造成一定程度的影响。以青岛进行实例分析,采取金融危机期间人民币汇率变动与青岛进出口贸易的数据建立回归模型,在分析人民币汇率变动的趋势与青岛对外贸易总体现状的基础上,对金融危机下人民币汇率变动对青岛外贸的影响进行了回归分析,得出金融危机下人民币汇率变动对青岛进口影响不显著,而对青岛出口影响较大的结论,并根据分析提出应对危机和发展对外贸易的政策建议。     

改进国际经济与贸易专业实践性教学的思考

目前,我国地方财经类院校国际经济与贸易专业实践教学环节都比较薄弱,培养出的学生实际操作能力较差,难以达到社会要求,在一定程度上影响了学生的就业。本文就目前国际经济与贸易专业实践性教学存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了改进本专业实践性教学的有效途径以及需要关注的几个问题。     

Interenterprise Credit and Adjustment during Financial Crises: The Role of Firm Size

Small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) suffered a sharp contraction in their borrowing from banks during the Great Recession. Analyzing a large firm‐level database for European countries, the paper shows that trade credit amplified the liquidity squeeze on SMEs, with adverse effects on their real activity. SMEs sharply increased their net trade credit and thus transferred financial resources to larger firms. Given the large weight of SMEs in the economy of European countries, the liquidity squeeze of SMEs likely contributed to the depth of the output fall and the slow recovery in Europe during the Great Recession.     

Small farmer cooperatives and voluntary coffee certifications: Rewarding progressive farmers of engendering widespread change in Costa Rica?

Our research examines the benefits and drawbacks for cooperatives who participate in voluntary coffee certifications. We interviewed administrators at twenty Costa Rican coffee cooperatives about management practices related to voluntary certification. Voluntary certifications are popular among coffee cooperatives. Access to certified markets is facilitated by state support of the cooperative sector, regulation of the coffee sector and well-enforced environmental and social laws. However, there are no significant or consistent financial incentives for farmers to pursue certification. Multiple certifications may lower auditing and implementation costs, but cooperatives rarely receive the full premium for multiply-certified coffee. Low market demand for certified coffee, weak price incentives and high auditing and management costs encourage cooperatives to certify only a portion of their members. This strategy rewards compliant farmers rather than inducing widespread change to farming practices among the entire membership. Though financial incentives are weak, certifications offer non-financial benefits to both farmers and cooperatives, including better management and more resilient cooperatives.     

全球价值链的发展改变了什么

全球价值链的发展改变了国际贸易的性质,并对收入的形成、竞争力的衡量和贸易政策的制定产生了重要影响。全球价值链创造了财富,但不同国家的财富增长速度是不同的;全球价值链也改变了竞争力的意义,使得竞争力的衡量更加侧重于企业的跨境生产;全球价值链加深了国家之间的依赖,政策合作更加重要。