强化监管 加强整治 谨访钨资源优势消失

我国钨资源储量在世界上具有天然垄断性,但宝贵的资源垄断优势却没有完全在经济上体现出来。受近三年来国内外钨精矿价格暴涨的影响,前几年曾得到整治的全国钨行业无序开采和重复建设重又抬头,矿山生产能力扩张,虽然目前钨价格仍在高位,但我国钨产品还是被“贱卖”了。为扭转上述状况,应采取继续强化监管,加大整治力度,防止钨资源优势过早消失的政策措施。     

黄姜皂素残渣的资源化利用

探索了一条解决黄姜皂素残渣处置的新工艺——以黄姜皂素残渣为原料制备活性炭和型煤。试验结果表明。所制活性炭的吸附性能和脱色力都好于对比商业颗粒活性碳，制备型煤方法可行。解决了黄姜皂素残渣处置的问题，可以节约煤炭资源，降低燃烧污染物的排放。     

Why is the food traceability system unsuccessful in Taiwan? Empirical evidence from a national survey of fruit and vegetable farmers

Food traceability systems allow the consumers or administrative authorities to trace the origins or ingredients of food products. Given the expressed concerns for food safety, the promotion of food traceability systems has occurred in many countries. Although a considerable body of literature has examined the consumer responses in regard to food traceability, relatively little is known about the producers’ adoption behaviors. To fill this knowledge gap, this paper investigates Taiwanese farmers’ participation decision in relation to the Taiwan Agriculture and Food Traceability (TAFT) program; special attention is paid to understanding the roles of the farmers’ program awareness and pesticide residue testing adoption in regard to TAFT participation. Using a national representative sample of the fruit and vegetable farmers in Taiwan, the results indicate that program awareness and pesticide residue testing adoption are the significant determinants of TAFT participation. An awareness of the government’s promotion of the TAFT program and adoption of pesticide residue testing has significantly reduced TAFT non-participation by 28.2% and 21.9% points, respectively.     

抗生素制药菌渣健康风险评价研究

以四环素类抗生素为例,对经过不同处置途径进入环境中的菌渣进行了人体健康风险评价研究。运用层次分析法建立了菌渣风险因子识别指标体系,确定抗生素及其代谢产物为本研究的风险因子,采用美国EPA的人体健康风险评价框架分别对不同处置途径的菌渣中抗生素进行风险评价,发现菌渣中四环素处置前后儿童和成年人的健康风险均＜10^-8/a,表明该类抗生素制药菌渣引起的健康风险水平很小。     

探究蔬菜水果中残留的农药的检测技术的研究情况

随着科学技术的不断发展,水果蔬菜的生长量在不断增加,农药的使用也越来越多,这就要求着我们必须加强对于水果蔬菜之中的农药残留的检验。本文主要对于残留农药的检测技术进行简要的探析研究。     

Flexible adoption of conservation agriculture principles: practices of care and the management of crop residue in Australian mixed farming systems

This paper applies concepts from the sociological literature on ‘practices of care’ to investigate why flexibility is important for farmers in the adoption of conservation agriculture (CA) principles, and, crucially, how farmers integrate CA principles into their existing practices. Drawing on qualitative data from six mixed farming regions in South Eastern Australia, the paper discusses how a specific dimension of CA – crop residue retention – is integrated in the context of biophysical and material challenges, and practices of stubble burning. Farmers viewed burning as increasingly incompatible with their desire to be recognised as good land managers. Yet, shifting to full crop residue retention was perceived as posing challenges for their farming system and compromising farmers’ capacity to manage seasonal variations in pests, weeds and crop residue loads. As a consequence, farmers used burning as a key practice of care to deal in a flexible way with an uncertain and variable farming environment, and to make crop residue retention workable in the context of their farming system. In concluding, the paper argues that the significance of flexibility in farm-level integration of CA principles requires a shift in analytical focus from adoption barriers to practices of care.     

UPLC-MS/MS法测定动物源性食品中硝基呋喃代谢物残留量

本研究建立了动物源性食品中四种硝基呋喃代谢物的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)的检测方法。该方法对4种硝基呋喃代谢物的检出限均为0.25μg/kg,线性范围均为0.5~10.0μg/L,加标回收率为81.6%~97.3%,相对标准偏差均小于10%。该方法测定时间短、稳定性强、灵敏度高、重现性好,能满足畜禽肉中4种硝基呋喃代谢物残留检测的要求。     

农药残留测定用生物传感器研究进展

生物传感器作为一种新型的分析工具,在农药残留测定中具有广泛应用价值。文章介绍了几类生物传感器（包括酶传感器、微生物传感器、免疫传感器及压电生物传感器）在农药残留分析中的研究进展,并探讨了其发展趋势。     

The (lack of) international harmonization of EU standards: import and export effects in developed versus developing countries

This article studies the effect of the lack of international harmonization in agri-food standards on international trade flows focusing on the European Union (EU). The EU is characterized by high level of protectionism, which makes it an ideal case study. We measure the differences in countries’ level of ‘protectionism’ by applying an index of aggregation of non-tariff measures to data on maximum residue levels on pesticides and veterinary drugs allowed by countries on agri-food products. The restrictiveness of countries standards’ is compared with the one imposed by the Codex Alimentarius, which is considered as non-protectionist. The EU emerges as the most rigorous standards setter. The higher standards imposed by the EU affect in particular imports from developing countries, while it facilitates its exports, irrespective of the level of development and standard restrictiveness set by the importing countries.     

劣质减压渣油加工方案探讨

由中东原油生产的劣质减压渣油，可作为延迟焦化原料，也是生产沥青的好原料。文章重点探讨了沥青生产的工艺路线，脱沥青油的处理，以及在沥青产品处于淡季时，将沥青与减渣掺混后作延迟焦化原料的可行性。文章以某企业的减压渣油为例，考虑了3种加工方案。方案1：减压渣油全部作延迟焦化原料；方案2：减渣抽出一部分去丙烷脱沥青，脱沥青油去加氢裂化，脱油沥青与减渣掺混后作延迟焦化原料；方案3：减渣抽出一部分去丙烷脱沥青，脱沥青油去加氢裂化，部分脱油沥青与少量减渣调合后生产重交通道路沥青产品，其余减渣与脱油沥青去延迟焦化。通过对以上3种加工方案的技术经济分析，认为方案3经济效益较好。