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361.
The World Heritage Convention rests on the assumption that World Heritage sites hold value for people globally and that these values promote protection of sites. This study focuses on natural sites, selected for environmental significance. All World Heritage sites are also supposed to be of ‘outstanding universal value’, with a variety of values attributed to them in World Heritage and other documents, including aesthetic, cultural and spiritual values. This study investigates via a survey whether such values are recognized by visitors to natural sites in the USA, and how useful they are for generating support for sites. Most visitors appreciated sites primarily for their environmental importance; a minority recognized other values listed in World Heritage documents, even though most visitors had little understanding of the Convention itself. In general, recognition of World Heritage status did not translate into greater protection or support for sites beyond what they already receive as national parks, even though most visitors and park personnel were supportive of World Heritage goals. For a minority of visitors, the global framework in which the World Heritage Convention operates had negative connotations, owing to questions of how ultimate responsibility for sites should be divided between national and international scales.  相似文献   
362.
本文试分析上海世博会展期的影响因素,进而预测展期参观者分布形态。预计上海世博会展期参观人流分布曲线呈"锯齿弓形"。其中。有2个持续为7天的高峰期,即"五一"和"十一"黄金周,后者峰值要比前者高的多,约有25个持续为1~2天的高峰点。应该采取措施,改善展期人流不均衡的现象,如上海世博展馆柔性化设计,展期活动的精细化管理,门票销售推广和客源组织并重,建立应急预案和快速反应机制,改善世博会展期外部因素等。  相似文献   
363.
China's trade surplus will top US$100 billion in the first half of the year, up 60% on the same period of last year, ananalyst with the General Administration of Customs told Xinhua.  相似文献   
364.
Differences between tourists in photographing and photo‐sharing behaviours have been under‐researched. We examined the influence of geographic origin and travel group composition on tourist photographing and sharing. Questionnaires were used to measure photographing and sharing frequency, while participant observation afforded a deeper examination of sharing processes. Findings showed differences in photography behaviour between solo and accompanied tourists. Tourists from some continents also took and shared photographs more frequently. Observations uncovered processes connecting sharing, photographing, and content of photographs. As user‐generated content becomes increasingly influential in tourism management, attention to origin, group composition and other individual differences can help engage tourists in photographing and sharing. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
365.
In view of the increasing popularity of online reviews and their significant impact on individual buying behavior as well as on the supply side, this study reviewed and analyzed articles related to online reviews in tourism and hospitality published in academic journals between 2004 and 2013. Based on a keyword-driven search and a content analysis, 50 articles were identified as relevant and classified into five topics. The findings revealed that (a) more than half of the analyzed articles focus on hotels and apply empirical methods based on secondary data, (b) more attention has been paid to the relationship between online reviews and online buying as well as satisfaction and online management, and (c) opinion mining of online reviews, motivation to post reviews, and the role of reviews are evenly distributed. This paper also discussed significant topical and methodological trends, contributes to an overall understanding of existing research and its limitation.  相似文献   
366.
Protected natural area managers are challenged to provide high quality recreation opportunities and ensure the protection of resources from impacts associated with visitation. Development of visitor use facilities and application of site hardening practices are commonly applied tools for achieving these competing management objectives. This study applies stated choice analysis to examine visitor opinions on acceptability when they are asked to make tradeoffs among competing social, resource and management attributes in backcountry and frontcountry settings of Acadia National Park. This study demonstrates that asking visitors about recreation setting attributes uni-dimensionally, a common approach, can yield less informative responses. Analyses that considered direct tradeoffs revealed more divergent opinions on acceptability for setting attributes than a unidimensional approach. Findings revealed that visitors to an accessible and popular attraction feature supported trail development options to protect resource conditions with unrestricted visitor access. In contrast, visitors to a remote undeveloped island expressed stronger support for no or limited trail development and access restrictions to protect resource conditions.  相似文献   
367.
Many high quality landscapes can be found in the North West region of England, including those of international significance such as the Lake District National Park. These natural assets are recognised by the regional tourism strategy as particularly important, as they are a major determinant for visitors within, and to, the region. However, with the strategy geared towards increasing visitor numbers, there is a substantial challenge to be faced in the future: how to maintain the quality of an environment that is under combined pressure from both visitor numbers and climate change? Focusing on two landscape types considered to be the most vulnerable to a changing climate, the coastal zone and the uplands, this paper presents ‘downscaled’ climate change scenarios, and provides an assessment of how a combination of climate and non-climate factors are likely to impact these vulnerable landscapes in the future. The case study analysis is largely drawn from a series of ‘risk’ workshops held with key regional stakeholders.  相似文献   
368.
This paper explores the characteristics of multicultural festival visitors on the basis of their attachment to a certain culture or a cultural community, and examines the influences of this attachment on levels of overall satisfaction and future intentions. Two distinctive types of visitors to cultural festivals are recognised based on their attachment to the culture of the festival. A total of 420 valid questionnaires from three multicultural festivals in Korea were collected. This study found that community attachment, defined as an attachment to a certain culture or a cultural community, had significant impacts on intention to revisit and positive word-of-mouth (WOM). Visitors who are attached to an ethnic culture or a cultural community are more likely to revisit and spread positive WOM than people who are not attached. The paper concludes that community attachment influences cultural festival visitors' future intentions, and can be used as a predictor of the relationship between satisfaction and future intentions. From the results of the study, strategic marketing and management implications, based on community attachment, are suggested to increase repeat visitation and attract more visitors through positive WOM.  相似文献   
369.
近年来,学术界围绕着建设社会主义和谐社会经济制度基础的必要性、可能性扣基本内容等进行了深入的探讨。总的来说,我们所要建设的社会主义和谐社会的经济制度基础应包括市场经济制度、社会保障制度、收入分配制度、劳动就业制度、公共财政制度、经济法律制度、经济伦理制度,甚至包括金融制度和税收制度等。所有这些制度之间构成了一种良性的逻辑互动关系,和谐社会经济制度基础是和谐经济与经济和谐之间、和谐社会的经济制度和制度化的和谐社会之间的逻辑互动。  相似文献   
370.
ABSTRACT

Tourism departments spend millions of dollars on marketing campaigns with heavy branding and advertising focuses in hopes of drawing vacationers to their destinations. It is imperative that they are not only able to brand and sell their destinations, but also deliver on the promises made within their advertising campaigns; ultimately meeting visitors' expectations. Delivery on the advertising promises is often a secondary consideration and destinations rarely develop budgets and plans to train associates on the brand image. The actual process of establishing a quality and associate branding process lies within ten simple steps. However, destinations must overcome a variety of obstacles prior to implementing the actual process.  相似文献   
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