为什么我国劳动收入占比不断下降——一个基于权力（资源）结构和地方政府竞争的视角

中国宏观经济运行中产生了两个重要现象：工资增速远低于GDP增速和劳动收入在国民收入初次分配中的占比不断下降。究其原因在于：政府掌权了大多数资源和绝对的权力,导致分配偏向于政府和垄断企业;并且在以GDP为导向的地方政府竞争下,各地在产业选择时都偏向于发展资本密集型产业,从而提高了资本在国民收入分配中的谈判能力,导致企业的收入占比不断提高。     

收入不平等对经济增长的负面影响机制——近二十年文献综述

近年来,国内外学者运用各种方法探讨了收入不平等与经济增长的关系。大部分研究结论显示,收入差距对经济增长存在间接的负面影响,两者之间存在一个多因素的传导过程,包括人力资本积累机制、政治经济决策机制、社会冲突机制、需求传导机制以及其他传导机制。总的来看,这些研究加深了对于两者关系性质和相互影响的认识,但研究结论的分歧和研究方法的局限性仍然存在,有必要对两者关系进行更深入的研究。     

Union–firm bargaining: Order of play and efficiency

This paper shows that a modified alternating offers Rubinstein model can provide a Pareto superior outcome in the context of the right-to-manage union–firm bargaining. Two examples of bargaining protocols that yield a superior outcome are provided. In the first example, the parties engage in a game in which the order of play is determined as part of the bargaining. We show that the game has a unique subgame perfect equilibrium in which the firm always moves first in the wage bargaining game. The equilibrium wage is, therefore, unique. In the second example, we examine a two-part-tariff alternating offers bargaining protocol, where the parties bargain over the wage and transfer payments. We show that this bargaining protocol has a Pareto efficient, unique subgame perfect equilibrium. Thus, although the parties do not bargain over the level of employment, the outcome under this protocol is, nevertheless, socially optimal.     

A NON‐PARAMETRIC MEASURE OF POVERTY ELASTICITY

We estimate the growth elasticity of poverty (GEP) using recently developed non‐parametric panel methods and the most up‐to‐date and extensive poverty data from the World Bank, which exceeds 500 observations in size and represents more than 96 percent of the developing world's population. Unlike previous studies which rely on parametric models, we employ a non‐parametric approach which captures the non‐linearity in the relationship between growth, inequality, and poverty. We find that the growth elasticity of poverty is higher for countries with fairly equal income distributions, and declines in nations with greater income disparities. Moreover, when controlling for differences in estimation technique, we find that the reported values of the GEP in the literature (based on the World Bank's now‐defunct 1993‐PPP based poverty data) are systematically larger in magnitude than estimates based on the latest 2005‐PPP based data.     

江苏省区域经济差异测度分析——基于基尼系数分解

系统地计算了1978--2009年江苏省县域人均GDP的基尼系数,并将其分解为三个部分：区域内经济差异、区域间经济净差异和区域间经济逆差异。结果表明：江苏省区域经济差异总体上呈波动性的扩大趋势。在小尺度县域单元上,江苏省区域经济差异主要受一般县市经济差异的影响,市辖区的差异变化不大。在大尺度区域单元上,苏南、苏中、苏北三大区域间的经济净差异决定着江苏省区域经济差异,随着区域间经济逆差异越来越小,苏北、苏中人均GDP高的县市逐步被苏南入均GDP的低的县市赶上和超过。要积极壮大苏中和苏北县域经济,实施有利于缩小经济差异的区域政策和措施。     

I Have Paid Less Than You! The Emotional and Behavioral Consequences of Advantaged Price Inequality

This study examines the emotion blends and the subsequent customer reactions that occur in advantaged price inequality situations, that is, when consumers learn that retailers charged them a lower price than what the same retailers charged another customer. Drawing on the appraisal theories of emotion and on social comparison theory, an experiment (n = 272) and a field study (n = 261) are conducted. The results reveal that in advantaged price inequality situations, customers experience a host of positive and negative emotions depending on two factors: the quality of relationship that the customer has with a disadvantaged other customer (neutral, positive, or negative) and the attribution of agency for the price advantage (situational attribution to competition, external attribution to store policies, or internal attribution to customer abilities). Positive emotions include happiness, gratitude, pride, and malicious joy; while negative emotions include pity, outrage, and guilt. These emotions are shown to mediate the occurrence of customer reactions (i.e., customer satisfaction, loyalty, WOM referral, and WOM activity). The article concludes with theoretical implications and recommendations for retail practitioners on how to use dynamic pricing.     

大连市区域性通胀问题的成因分析

大连市区域性通胀问题的产生机理是极其复杂的,既有来自内部区域经济运转的因素,又有来自外部经济的负面性冲击,因此,大连市区域性通胀的成因分析也就具有了现实意义。全文共包括三部分内容:第一部分是大连市区域性通胀问题的现状;第二部分是大连市区域性通胀问题的成因分析,这将借助于Granger因果检验、供需理论及工资刚性的研究;第三部分是本文的结语。     

长三角地区县域经济发展差异及其动态收敛研究

文章以长三角地区60个县（不包括区）1998—2009年间的人均GDP数据为基础,首先采用标准差系数和锡尔系数分析该地区内县域经济发展差异水平现状,然后根据经济增长收敛理论进一步对其动态收敛趋势进行实证分析。研究结果表明,长三角地区县域经济差异在1998—2009年间逐渐增大,并且基本不存在动态收敛的趋势,仅部分地区内县域经济存在俱乐部收敛。根据研究结果提出了初步的政策建议。     

贸易自由化对我国地区收入不平等的影响:来自中国的经验证据

文章基于协整的VAR模型从实证的角度研究了我国地区收入不平等与贸易自由化之间的长期均衡和短期动态关系。研究发现：（1）地区收入不平等、贸易自由化与经济增长之间存在长期均衡关系,贸易自由化和经济增长对于关注参数而言是弱外生变量;（2）贸易自由化在长期内减缓了我国地区收入不平等程度,但在短期内却导致了我国地区收入不平等程度的上升;（3）经济增长长期内趋于提高了我国地区收入不平等程度,但短期的影响方向不确定;（4）地区收入不平等是一个随机游走过程,不是一个含有结构突变的趋势平稳过程。     

收入差异与环境质量关系效应:一个文献综述

作为对环境库兹涅茨曲线的延伸和修正,收入不平等对环境质量的作用引起学者关注,形成了两种不同的观点:收入不平等不利于环境质量的改善,或是影响效应不确定。因具体国情不同,收入不平等对环境质量的作用机制和途径存在较大差异,这是理论与实证结果未达到统一的原因之一。