农业废弃物在矿山生态恢复中的应用

矿山废弃地多为裸露岩面,需要大量的土壤用于植被的恢复与重建。同时,我国农业废弃物数量巨大且逐年增多,其合理利用与管理也成为一个难题。将矿山生态恢复与农业废弃物有机结合,是寻找矿山生态恢复治理和农业废弃物资源合理利用的新思路。本文阐述了我国矿山废弃地的治理现状、农业废弃物的特点,探讨了可用于矿山生态恢复的农业废弃物的基质类型及其应用前景。     

造纸厂商品浆替代草浆扩改工程水环境影响分析

以COD作为评价因子,对扩改工程造低废水排入长江后对长江的影响程度与范围进行了预测,得出在正常排放情况下影响较小,在非正常放情况下影响较大,同时提出了控制水污染的措施。     

北京城市生活垃圾管理体系研究

针对城市生活垃圾监管的主要内容,提出由法律规范系统、行政监管系统、科技支撑系统和运行保障系统组成的垃圾管理体系框架,并结合当前北京城市垃圾管理的难点工作,描述了各系统的运行功能,进而说明建立垃圾管理体系框架的重要意义。     

少熟料高性能生态碱矿渣水泥研究

以工业废渣粒化高炉矿渣为主要成分,采用碱性激发剂,研制出一种新型少熟料高性能生态碱矿渣水泥。用水玻璃作为激发剂,同时加入外加剂以及少量熟料来改善碱矿渣水泥的各种性能。通过实验确定各组分的最佳掺量,研制的少熟料高性能生态碱矿渣水泥,其抗压强度能到达52.5级硅酸盐水泥的国家标准。     

苏南经济发达地区农村固体废物现状及对策分析

太湖由于高强度的开发和水环境治理的滞后,水环境污染日趋严重。突出表现在河网水质的污染和太湖的富营养化,流域内水质型缺水和水污染矛盾不断发生和发展,己成为流域经济社会可持续发展的制约因素。以江苏宜兴地区农村固体废物资源化调查为例,通过对示范村的农户进行实地调查,获得太湖周边地区经济较发达的农村生活垃圾产生情况及垃圾特性,并了解当地村民的环境保护意识,分析农村生活垃圾回收利用的可行性,为农村生活垃圾的资源化利用提供决策依据。     

基于节点企业优选的生态工业园构建研究

本文首先介绍了生态工业园的概念。在此基础上,对当今国内外生态工业园构建情况进行论述,得出生态工业园构建的两条关键因素是共生链的建立与废弃物的处理。本文围绕两条关键因素,对生态工业园构建进行分析。根据生态工业园所需要完成的功能,列出达到共生链所需要六个条件,应用向量内积公式的方法,按照六个条件对企业进行两两内积运算,找出传统工业园中存在的或者潜在的共生链。传统工业园内的企业经共生链相连,形成传统工业园网络,可通过网络有向图表示。对传统工业园中的各个节点企业进行中心性分析,得出各节点企业的共生链占有率。分析和论述传统工业园中的企业废弃物的可用性以及污染度,研究废弃物的处理方法。将生态工业园构建两条关键因素分析向结合,对传统工业园内的节点企业进行优选,并给出处理对策,进而完成生态工业园的初步构建。     

餐饮废油的回收利用研究进展

综述了餐饮废油在制备生物柴油、化工原料、饲料、混凝土制品脱模剂等领域中的应用及研究进展．并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

Review: Food loss and waste in Sub-Saharan Africa

The research, development practitioner, and donor community has begun to focus on food loss and waste – often referred to as post-harvest losses (PHL) – in Sub-Saharan Africa. This article reviews the current state of the literature on PHL mitigation. First, we identify explicitly the varied objectives underlying efforts to reduce PHL levels. Second, we summarize the estimated magnitudes of losses, evaluate the methodologies used to generate those estimates, and explore the dearth of thoughtful assessment around “optimal” PHL levels. Third, we synthesize and critique the impact evaluation literature around on-farm and off-farm interventions expected to deliver PHL reduction. Fourth, we suggest a suite of other approaches to advancing these same objectives, some of which may prove more cost-effective. Finally, we conclude with a summary of main points.     

我国垃圾焚烧发电技术创新的路径分析

文章分析了技术创新的路径与垃圾焚烧发电技术创新环境、条件,认为目前我国不具备垃圾焚烧发电技术自主创新的条件,只具备模仿创新的条件.因此,当前我国垃圾焚烧发电技术创新路径应是以模仿创新为主,并逐渐向自主创新转变.     

Managing solid waste in small hotels

Collectively, small hotels constitute a significant solid waste management (SWM) problem. Little research has focused on the SWM practices of small hotels. In the United Kingdom, much of the solid waste generated by small hotels goes to landfill. This study uses a constructionist approach to investigate SWM issues in small hotels in a local authority in Wales and examines the role of the public sector in helping small hotels manage their solid waste effectively. The results revealed that only a minority of small hotels were considering the adoption of sustainable SWM practices, either because hoteliers felt negatively about sustainable SWM alternatives or perceived challenges – an issue which necessitates government intervention. At the time of this study, the public sector provided only very modest services to enhance SWM practices. This study proposes a best practice model for the public sector to encourage small hotels to manage their solid waste effectively, in order to reduce or even eliminate waste for landfill. Local authorities' support is required to make waste management hierarchy options more accessible to small hotels and should incentivise better waste management through increasing the gap between the costs of landfill and recycling waste.