肖江堤险情及抢险技术方案

分析江西省赣江肖江堤2010年6月险情,总结抢险技术方案,并对除险加阎提出建议．     

雨洪资源利用进展与利用模式探索

对雨洪及雨洪资源利用的概念进行了界定,明确了雨洪资源开发利用的对象。在明确雨洪资源概念的基础上,概括了近20年来国内外在雨洪资源利用方面的研究和进展,并对国外在此利用技术和管理方面所取得的经验进行了总结。接下来用较多的篇幅对雨洪资源利用工程和非工程的措施进行了的介绍,在对每种利用方式加以剖析之后,分别引用了相应利用方式中比较典型的实例。最后对这些利用方式在未来的发展趋势做了初步的展望。     

Tradeable permits,missing markets,and technology

This paper examines the effects of missing markets, heterogeneous pollutants, and the pollution technology of firms on the efficacy of transferable pollution permits. Under the assumption of perfect competition in all markets, we show that if firms can substitute among pollutants, then setting the optimal number of permits for only one pollutant will not, in general, lead to an efficient outcome. The degree of the inefficiency will depend on the information set available to the regulator and the substitutability among pollutants by firms. When establishing transferable pollution rights regulators should, therefore, consider the technology of firms. If firms discharge pollutants in the same fixed proportions, then the regulator need only set a market for one of the pollutants to ensure an efficient outcome. Where firms can substitute among pollutants, however, establishing a market for only one pollutant provides an incentive for firms to substitute to unregulated ones. This is an important policy issue as substitutability among pollutants within and across production processes may dampen the dynamic advantages of a tradeable permit policy.     

Price determination and dynamic adjustments: An inverse demand system approach to meat products in the United States

In this study the process of retail meat price determination is depicted in the form of an inverse demand system taking into consideration the dynamic adjustments present in monthly consumption data. The general dynamic framework identifies both long run and short run effects in a systematic manner and allows direct estimation of the long run price and scale flexibilities that are consistent with theory. The empirical application based on monthly U.S. meat products data provides reasonable and promising results.The authors are senior econometrician, Department of Risk Management, TRS, American Express Co., Phoenix, and assistant professor, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, respectively. The work was performed when the first author was an assistant research scientist at the Center for Agricultural and Rural Development, Department of Economics, Iowa State University, Ames. Journal Paper No. J-15784 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 3109.     

Stock prices,production and interest rates: Comparison of three European countries with the USA

This paper investigates the relationships between stock returns, changes in production, and changes in interest rates in three European countries: France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The results obtained using annual data are much more conclusive than those obtained using quarterly data. Stock returns are affected by current changes in interest rates and by future changes in production. The dependence on changes in interest rates seems to be higher than on changes in production. Furthermore, the influence of future changes in production on stock returns diminishes substantially when contemporaneous changes in interest rates are taken into account. With reference to these points, the European markets behave in a similar fashion, but are in sharp contrast with the U.S. market.I am very grateful to Kay Davidson, Patric Hendershott and two anonymous referees for useful comments and suggestions. I am solely responsible for all remaining errors.     

“网河”非稳定流模型在洪泛区洪流演进中的应用

将宽阔的溃口洪水行进范围概化成由河道水塘和联系河道组成的网河,用一维非恒定流方程组来描述主要的水充运动状态,通过简化和变换,改写成统一的四点线性隐式有限差的方程组形式,再用双消除法求解,全部计算在微机上实现,参数用实测资料率定,成果具有较好的精度,在一定程度上反映出横水流方向的水位流量变化,为防洪水利计算开辟一条新的途径。     

液压卧倒闸坝在拦河坝工程中的应用

简述液压卧倒闸坝在江西省宜春市袁州区温汤镇防洪工程拦河坝中的应用。设计通过对多方案技术经济比选,推荐采用液压卧倒闸坝。可供类似工程参考。     

Flood Management in Japan—From Rivers to Basins

Abstract

The River Commission of the Ministry of Construction in Japan recommended a basin response to floods in its December 2000 Interim Report to Minister of Construction. This is practically an official declaration of the policy accepting inundation in habited areas. By this policy shift, it is anticipated that more basin response measures and non-structural measures against floods will be promoted to complement structural measures such as continuous levees and dams. Such a policy is not new in the world but is a significant governmental move in Japan, a densely populated, highly developed, and highly flood hazardous country. Although living with floods is a universal coping strategy, the implementation of measures should be different from region to region reflecting region's nature and socio-economic conditions. This paper reviews the flood fighting history of Japan and her statutory evolution against floods and shows the process by which the ever-increasing flood damage potential and the recent increase of flood damages necessitated the official move in flood control management from rivers to basins.     

AMPHIBIAN OCCUPANCY IN FLOOD‐CREATED AND EXISTING WETLANDS OF THE LOWER MISSOURI RIVER ALLUVIAL VALLEY

During the previous century, the wetland area in the lower Missouri River alluvial valley was reduced by 39% because of river channelization and bank stabilization projects. The Great Flood of 1993 reversed the trend of wetland loss by creating 466 new wetlands in the alluvial valley between Kansas City and St. Louis, Missouri. We estimated amphibian occupancy, detection probability and number of species exhibiting evidence of reproduction in eight flood‐created and 16 pre‐flood existing wetlands from 1996 through 1998. We also evaluated whether hydroperiod (the number of days any water was present in a wetland from 20 February through 31 August) and distance to river predicted those values. Detection probabilities for adult amphibian species were relatively constant across years and ranged from 0.013 [Great Plains toad (Anaxyrus cognatus)] to 0.280 [Woodhouse's toad (Anaxyrus woodhousii woodhousii)]. Occupancy of adult amphibians differed across years and was not correlated with habitat features. Estimated occupancy probabilities for amphibian species ranged from 0.126 [Plains spadefoot (Spea bombifrons)] to 0.896 [boreal chorus frog (Pseudacris maculata)]. Almost double the number of amphibian species showed evidence of reproduction in existing wetlands (wetlands created before the Great Flood of 1993) when compared with that in flood‐created wetlands. Similarly, temporary wetlands had nearly double the number of amphibian species showing evidence of reproduction when compared with permanent wetlands. Finally, the highest number of species showed evidence of reproduction in wetlands with spring–summer hydroperiods between 135 and 140 days. All these relationships suggest that the invasion and persistence of predators in wetlands negatively influence amphibian reproduction. If the Missouri River is allowed to reconnect with the alluvial valley, more predators may be introduced into wetlands, leading to reduced amphibian occupancy and reproduction. However, this connection will not likely occur over the entire alluvial valley and, therefore, should not adversely impact amphibians that find refuge in higher‐elevation, non‐connected regions of the alluvial valley. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

陆屋站“03·06”、“11·10”洪水对比分析

2003年6月和2011年10月钦江陆屋上游发生了改革开放以来两场最大暴雨并产生的洪水,本文通过对“03·06”、“11·10”这两场暴雨洪水进行对比,分析它们的天气系统和洪水特性、演变规律及变化特点,并寻找其规律,并对陆屋站所在的沿海钦江流域的防洪减灾对策进行探讨。对有效地监测暴雨洪水、正确地指挥防汛、提高对该地区暴雨洪水规律和形成机制的认识及防洪减灾具有一定的参考价值。