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71.
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引黄灌区跨地区水权转让补偿
标准的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对黄河流域引黄灌区的跨地区水权转让补偿标准的定量问题,探讨了转让费用构成中的农业风险补偿、生态补偿、水管单位补偿的含义和计算方法,并以内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市引黄灌区的水权转让一期项目为实例,通过计算得出3项补偿费用为889.92万元/年,在25年水权转让期内应付出的补偿费用为22 248万元,水的转让价格平均增加补偿费用为3.45元/m3。对黄河流域水权转让费用构成中的补偿费用进行准确的定量计算,将会进一步推动水权转让更加科学合理的实施,并为引黄灌区的健康持续发展奠定基础。 相似文献
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Abstract Based on monitoring data of 123 meteorological stations from 1960 to 2000 near or in the Yellow River Basin, the spatial and temporal distributions and their trends for pan evaporation (PE) are investigated in this study. The results indicate that, despite the annual mean air temperature over the Yellow River Basin has, on average, increased by 0.6° over the past 40 years, the rate of PE has steadily decreased, especially in summer and spring. Compared with the period of 1960s to 1970s, the rate of annual pan evaporation during 1980s to 1990s has decreased by 126mm or 7.0 percent. Spatial distribution of the rate of change show that this kind of trend is general but not universal, PE has significantly decreased over the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River, but increased to a small degree over the middle reaches. Further analyses show that the decrease of PE is mainly related to reductions in sunshine durations and solar irradiance, owing to more clouds and aerosols. 相似文献
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Modeling and analysis of effects of precipitation and vegetation coverage on runoff and sediment yield in Jinsha River Basin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper focuses on the effects of precipitation and vegetation coverage on runoff and sediment yield in the Jinsha River Basin. Results of regression analysis were taken as input variables to investigate the applicability of the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to simulating annual runoff and sediment yield. Correlation analysis indicates that runoff and sediment yield are positively correlated with the precipitation indices, while negatively correlated with the vegetation indices. Furthermore, the results of stepwise regression show that annual precipitation is the most important factor influencing the variation of runoff, followed by forest coverage, and their contributions to the variation of runoff are 69.8% and 17.3%, respectively. For sediment yield, rainfall erosivity is the most important factor, followed by forest coverage, and their contributions to the variation of sediment yield are 49.3% and 24.2%, respectively. The ANFIS model is of high precision in runoff forecasting, with a relative error of less than 5%, but of poor precision in sediment yield forecasting, indicating that precipitation and vegetation coverage can explain only part of the variation of sediment yield, and that other impact factors, such as human activities, should be sufficiently considered as well. 相似文献
78.
海河隧道线路全长2 3034 m,其中主河道沉管段长240 m,沉管断面宽度374 m,高98 m,共设置两节,每节120 m。河道沉管段采用水中沉管法施工。管段安装会对河道的防洪安全产生较大的影响,故须对河段的水沙条件有严格的要求。本文采用三维分层水流泥沙数学模型,通过错层处理,较好地解决了同层网格产生急剧变化,在突变点处隔层网格物理量的影响远大于层间网格的影响问题。对隧道管段悬浮状态、沉放过程中的过流能力、水流流态和河段水流泥沙运移规律进行了深入分析,提出管段对河段水沙的影响程度及解决措施。本研究拓展了三维分层水流泥沙数学模型的应用范围,为保证工程施工安全提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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龙岗河流域节水评估体系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
龙岗河属雨源型河流,其环境容量小,自净能力低。节约用水可从源头上减少龙岗河污废水的纳入量做起,故建立节水评估体系势在必行。采用层次分析法,对综合节水总目标进行层层细分,结合流域综合节水的特征、影响因素等问题,建立了包含2大系统8类22个指标的综合节水评估指标体系。该综合节水评估指标体系涵盖政策保障和技术支持两大层面,贯穿水源、水厂、管网、用户终端整个节水主线,同时以开源、节流、减污三大节水途径为保障。该系统可为其他流域和城市节水工作的开展提供借鉴。 相似文献