2010年嘉陵江亭子口水利枢纽洪水预报

2010年7月23，25日，受上游流域强降雨影响，嘉陵江亭子口水利枢纽出现了两次较大洪水。亭子口水利枢纽水情中心在分析亭子口水利枢纽以上流域特性的基础上，根据实测水文资料，对流域暴雨、洪水实况、洪水预报方案进行了分析，制定了亭子口水利枢纽洪水预报方案，并根据预报方案及时、准确地进行了洪水预报。亭子口上游围堰2次洪水的水位预报误差仅为0.2, 0.21 m，为亭子口水利枢纽工程建设的安全度汛提供了有力的保障，也为下游地区的地方防汛工作起到了耳目和参谋作用。     

安徽省淮河水利工程科学管理研究与实践

安徽省淮河通过国家14项治淮工程建设,泄洪能力、工程防洪标准明显提高,水资源综合利用进一步提升,工程面貌得到了显著改观。安徽省淮河河道管理局结合工程管理工作实际,积极开展工程管理研究与实践,通过坚持发展理念、完善运行管理机制、依靠水利科技创新以及加强基层单位能力建设等,工程管理水平得以快速提升,工程效益得以充分发挥。     

珠江三角洲人力资源开发与可持续发展

本文在理解人力资源开发内涵的基础上,通过分析并评价珠江三角洲人力资源的现状及其对区域可持续发展的影响,探讨了珠江三角洲全方位开发人力资源,促进区域可持续发展的对策。     

借鉴"长三角"经验,推动河北县域经济发展的新思路

发展壮大县域经济是全面建设小康社会的重要内容,也是推动城乡协调发展的现实选择.改革开放20多年来,位于“长三角“的上海市、江苏、浙江省经济发展迅速,取得了令人瞩目的成就,其县域经济发展水平也位列全国前茅.文章首先探索和总结了“长三角“县域经济的发展轨迹和成功经验,其次对河北省与“长三角“县域经济进行了对比,最后“长三角“县域经济提出了河北省县域经济进一步发展的思路和对策.     

Human impacts on runoff regime of middle and lower Yellow River

In this study, the 54-year (1950 to 2003) monthly runoff series from February, April,August, and November, as well as the annual runoff series, measured at both Huayuankou and Lijin hydrological stations were chosen as representative data, and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) was applied to analyze the impacts of human activities on the runoff regime of the middle and lower Yellow River. A point of change in 1970 was first determined, and the observed series before 1970 were considered natural runoff while those after 1970 were restored according to linear trends. Then, the CWT was applied to both the observed and restored runoff series to reveal their variations at multi-temporal scales, including the five temporal ranges of 1-4,6-8, 9-12, 16-22, and 22-30 years, and the trend at the temporal scale of 54 years. These analysis results are compared and discussed in detail. In conclusion, because of the impacts of human activities, there have been significant changes in the runoff regime in the middle and lower Yellow River since 1970. The decaying tendency of annual runoff has become more pronounced, and the inner-annual distribution of runoff has changed, but human activities have had little impact on the periodic characteristics of runoff.     

讨赖河城区段综合治理模式探讨

从讨赖河城区段河道综合治理中存在的缺乏整体规划、新建防洪堤替代河道综合治理等5个方面的问题着手,系统总结了以往治河的经验及误区,提出了以规划为先导,以建设生态型河道为理念,人与自然和谐共处,经济、生态、文化相融合的可持续性治河新模式。     

Hydrological Modeling of Zarqa River Basin – Jordan Using the Hydrological Simulation Program – FORTRAN (HSPF) Model

Jordan is an arid country with limited water resources, so there is a chronic need to study and understand its hydrology at the watershed scale which will eventually help in achieving good management for the existing scarce water resources. The studied watershed was the Zarqa River Basin which is considered as the largest watershed in Jordan. The objective of this study was to calibrate the hydrological component of the Hydrological Simulation Program – FORTRAN (HSPF) model for the Zarqa River Basin. The calibrated model could be used in a later stage to examine the impact of different management practices and climate change scenarios on the water resources in the basin. The calibration of the HSPF water quantity parameters was aided by GIS and by the automatic calibration model (PEST). The automatic calibration was done for the years 1988–1991 and the validation was done for the years 1996–1998. The coefficient of determination, R ² for the calibration and verification years of the monthly flows was 0.81 and 0.76, respectively.     

Does a Cleaner Thames Pass an Economic Appraisal?

Abstract

Due to substantial clean-up efforts, water quality in the River Thames in London has steadily improved over the last three decades. However, London's Victorian sewage system still discharges untreated sewage into the Thames, at times of moderate to heavy rainfall. This happens approximately 60 times every year, creating adverse environmental and amenity impacts on the river. Major and costly engineering works will be required to solve the sewage overflow problem. This paper reports the results of a stated preference study designed to value the multiple non-market benefits—eductions in sewage litter, risk to human health, and risk to fish populations—associated with a range of potential engineering solutions. Our findings indicate that household willingness to pay for these benefits is likely to be significantly greater than the projected costs per household of, at least, some potential technical solutions. Although arguably justifiable on economic grounds, the final decision on whether to proceed with such a large infrastructure project is unlikely to depend wholly on cost-benefit thinking, but involve complex trade-offs with other socially desirable criteria.     

SHOVELNOSE STURGEON SPAWNING IN RELATION TO VARYING DISCHARGE TREATMENTS IN A MISSOURI RIVER TRIBUTARY

Many lotic fish species use natural patterns of variation in discharge and temperature as spawning cues, and these natural patterns are often altered by river regulation. The effects of spring discharge and water temperature variation on the spawning of shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus have not been well documented. From 2006 through 2009, we had the opportunity to study the effects of experimental discharge levels on shovelnose sturgeon spawning in the lower Marias River, a regulated tributary to the Missouri River in Montana. In 2006, shovelnose sturgeon spawned in the Marias River in conjunction with the ascending, peak (134 m³/s) and descending portions of the spring hydrograph and water temperatures from 16 °C to 19 °C. In 2008, shovelnose sturgeon spawned in conjunction with the peak (118 m³/s) and descending portions of the spring hydrograph and during a prolonged period of increased discharge (28–39 m³/s), coupled with water temperatures from 11 °C to 23 °C in the lower Marias River. No evidence of shovelnose sturgeon spawning was documented in the lower Marias River in 2007 or 2009 when discharge remained low (14 and 20 m³/s) despite water temperatures suitable and optimal (12 °C?24 °C) for shovelnose sturgeon embryo development. A similar relationship between shovelnose sturgeon spawning and discharge was observed in the Teton River. These data suggest that discharge must reach a threshold level (28 m³/s) and should be coupled with water temperatures suitable (12 °C?24 °C) or optimal (16 °C?20 °C) for shovelnose sturgeon embryo development to provide a spawning cue for shovelnose sturgeon in the lower Marias River. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

小滦河水电综合开发利用的意义及前景规划

小滦河水电综合开发区位于围场县的小滦河流域,该流域水能资源丰富,且该流域具有良好的地形地质条件。此项工程不仅能蓄水发电,同时对农业工业建设、灌溉、水产养殖、西线旅游、生态建设和扶贫开发等起到极为重要的带动作用。