南水北调中线小南河串流片防洪水位计算

传统的多河流串流计算主要采用水库联调的方法,把串流的各条河流概化为静态水库,库水位水平且不考虑横向流动。为解决串流区水流的横向流动及水面线并不总像库水位一样水平的问题,采用二维非恒定流数学模型计算串流区洪水演进。通过概化地形、考虑入流、糙率、边界条件和水流的横向流动等因素,计算出了整个串流区域的水面线、水深、流速、出流等水力要素,并给出洪水演进模拟图,为确定河流与总干渠交叉建筑物的规模、总干渠左岸沿线水面线和对沿线村庄、农田的防洪影响提供了可靠的依据。     

山西万家寨引黄工程隧洞变形缝防渗施工技术

隧洞防渗处理直接关系到隧洞工程能否正常使用及安全运行,变形缝防渗处理是隧洞防渗的关键。文中重点分析介绍了山西万家寨引黄工程隧洞变形缝防渗施工中橡胶止水带、双组分聚硫密封胶、闭孔泡沫板及遇水膨胀防渗条的施工技术措施及方法。     

关于现代河流生态保护的哲学思考

从矛盾观、自然观、系统观等唯物辩证法的方法论入手,对河流生态保护进行了哲学反恩。必须运用系统的观点来看待河流系统,保护河流系统的完整性和连续性;必须减轻人类活动对河流自然形态的限制,恢复河流的千姿百态;必须深刻认识河流的演化规律,正确处理好人类和河流之间的关系,不断实现人水和谐;必须尊重河流生命,从辩证的角度在河流开发利用与河流保护之间不断寻求折中点,通过最大努力保护和修复河流生态。     

Real and Ideal Institutional Frameworks for Managing the Common Arab-Israeli Water Resources

The Oslo A and B agreements of September 1993 and September 1995 were the beginning of a process aimed at a peaceful resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict. The Israeli-Jordanian Treaty of 1994 addresses issues of water sharing between the two parties. In 1995, Israel and the Palestinians signed an Agreement on Water and Sewage as part of their Interim Agreement. In February 1996, Israel, Jordan, and the Palestinians agreed to a “Declaration of Principles for Joint Development of Water Resources.” The purpose of this paper is to compare the components of the two Agreements with an “ideal” institution for management of shared water resources. The “ideal” institution was formulated by 23 water experts who were interviewed on this issue. The main finding is that in most respects, expert opinions did not differ significantly from the Israeli-Jordanian Treaty of Peace and the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement.     

论水利水电工程前期勘察设计取费依据

水利水电工程前期勘察设计取费存在执行依据版本多、对取费依据认识模糊、工作深度要求与费用不匹配等问题,并介绍了目前涉及水利水电工程前期勘察设计取费的依据主要内容,结合水利水电工程前期工作内容与特点揭示了问题的主要焦点,阐明水利水电工程前期勘察设计应根据水利水电工程特点取费,不能统一按“1283号文”.在分析了现行前期勘察设计取费主要依据、产生背景,尤其是对“1352号文”进行深入解读后,认为水利水电工程前勘察设计取费应采用“1352号文”作为依据.     

江都第三抽水站油压装置油泵运行方式分析

以南水北调东线一期江都第三抽水站改造工程为例,针对其油压装置油泵运行方式如何选择的问题,基于绝热过程方程式,采用对比的方法,分析了断续运行方式和连续运行方式的年用电费用、设备投资、设备寿命、技术经济性。结果表明:断续运行是油泵运行方式的最佳选择。     

Materiality Judgments and Disclosure of Retiree Health Care Costs Under SFAS No. 81

Generally, researchers have difficulty empirically examining materiality judgments because amounts designated as immaterial are not disclosed. However, reporting requirements under SFAS No. 106 provide a unique opportunity to evaluate expense amounts designated immaterial under SFAS No. 81. We use the cumulative effect associated with the adoption of SFAS No. 106 to evaluate prior management materiality judgments. Univariate and logistic regression results suggest that the decision to disclose SFAS No. 81 costs is positively related to our measures of plan materiality. However, our results also suggest that voluntary disclosure factors may have influenced the disclosure decision.     

在联营体基础上实施建筑企业虚拟化组织模式创新

世界经济一体化和信息技术改革在给建筑业带来空前竞争压力的同时，也必将引发一场轰轰烈烈的行业革命。本结合建筑业的行业特点，借鉴虚拟企业的思想方法，提出在联营体应用实践的基础上实现建筑企业从联营到虚拟化经营的转变，完成建筑企业组织模式创新，从而改变建筑业过度竞争以及低收益的现状。这将使建筑企业既能分享世界经济一体化带来的好处，又能够化解当前的竞争压力，提高自身竞争力，有效应对知识经济带来的挑战。     

Anxiety of dependency in international joint ventures? An empirical study of drivers and consequences of relationship insecurity

This research introduces and delineates the concept of insecurity in IJV relationships. We define relationship insecurity as a parent firm's concerns about the continuance of the alliance arrangement and its partner's future provision of need satisfaction. According to interdependence theory, exchange partners that experience high dependence inevitably experience this ‘anxiety of dependency’, and the emergence of insecurity can destabilize the working relationship from within. We develop a conceptual model of the drivers and consequences of relationship insecurity in IJVs. Our survey results from 125 IJVs indicate that focal firm dependence and partner firm dependence both negatively affect insecurity, though the former is the dominant predictor. This surprising finding implies IJV partners experience ‘anxiety of low dependency’. The results suggest insecurity not only reduces directly IJV performance, but also lowers the quality of interpartner communication, which in turn dampens performance. Implications of these results are discussed.     

Agency hazards and alliance portfolios

Prior research over several decades has catalogued many positive motives underlying firms' decisions to engage in joint ventures and other forms of alliances. In this empirical analysis, we investigate whether agency problems brought about by the separation of ownership and control also stimulate the development of firms' joint venture portfolios. By focusing on joint ventures, as opposed to diversification in general or acquisitions, we address the recent debate on agency theory's domain. Results from a sample of U.S. manufacturing firms' alliance portfolios offer supporting evidence, and comparable findings are obtained for international and domestic joint ventures. Agency hazards are also found to bring about extensions of firms' nonequity alliance portfolios in both the international and domestic settings. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.