氮化物含量对催化重整装置影响的研究

催化重整装置因掺炼一定比例较高含量的氮原料油后,出现了预加氢循环氢系统铵盐结晶堵塞等问题,文章针对这些问题,提出了控制铵盐结晶的技术改进措施。     

KDN型定氮仪测定粮食中粗蛋白质含量的相关问题探讨

目前测定蛋白质的方法和仪器很多,为了提高蛋白质含量检测结果的准确性和检测效率,依据GB/T 5511-2008《谷物和豆类氮含量测定和粗蛋白质含量计算凯氏法》要求,常用定氮仪来测定粮食中粗蛋白质含量。对此方法中化学试剂硫酸的选择及实际操作进行了探讨。     

太湖流域典型平原河网区降雨径流氮磷流失特征分析

通过对研究区降雨径流中氮、磷浓度的野外实验和定点监测,研究典型平原河网区的农田降雨径流氮磷流失特征及其输出规律。得出平原河网区内不同土地利用方式对土壤氮、磷流失的影响很大,同时也得出在平原河网地区氮、磷的输出浓度与降雨时间、径流大小密切相关等结论,为进一步相关研究提供资料积累。     

Results of Complex Tests of the TGMP-314 Boiler of Cogeneration Plant-23 of the Mosénergo Company After Renovation

Results of complex tests of the TGMP-314 boiler of thermal power plant-23 of the Mosénergo Company operating on natural gas and furnace oil after design improvement are presented. Toxic emissions of nitrogen oxides were diminished by the use of low-toxicity burners, supply of air to secondary blow nozzles, and introduction of recirculating gases into the burner channels. These measures lowered the emissions of NO_x, benz(a)pyrene, and other harmful substances into the atmosphere below the standardized values. The boiler proved to operate reliably in the entire range of tested loads in the gas- and oil-fired modes with stage firing and recirculation of flue gases. The rated parameters of live steam and reheat steam were steadily maintained.     

Timing Nitrogen Fertilizer Application to Reduce Nitrogen Losses to the Environment

The advantage of using insurance to help a farmeradopt a best nitrogen management plan (BNMP) thatreduces the impact of agricultural production on theenvironment is analytically and empiricallydemonstrated. Using an expected value analysis, it isshown that an insurance program can be structured soas to reduce a farmer's cost of bearing the adoptionrisk associated with changing production practicesand, thus, to improve the farmer's certaintyequivalent net return thereby promoting the adoptionof a BNMP. Using the adoption of growing-season onlyN fertilizer application in Iowa as a case study, itis illustrated how insurance may be used to promotethe adoption of this practice to reduce N fertilizeruse. It is shown that it is possible for a farmer andan insurance company both to have an incentive todevelop an insurance adoption program that willbenefit both the farmer and the insurance company,increasing net social welfare and improvingenvironmental quality in Iowa.     

Phosphorus and nitrogen in the waters of the El-Kabir River watershed in Syria and Lebanon

In order to assess the quality of the waters of the El‐Kabir River, which forms the border between Lebanon and Syria, water samples were collected for phosphorus (P) and nitrogen analyses at 39 sample stations in the river watershed (18 in Syria, 21 in Lebanon). These samples were collected on the main stem and three major tributaries (Nahr al‐Arous and Nahr Nasrive in Syria, Chadra River in Lebanon). Three major springs also were sampled. The sampling was carried out in September 2001, and January, April and August 2002. Nutrient analyses were carried out on samples taken in September 2001, January and April 2002 in Syria, and in September 2001 and August 2002 in Lebanon. The P concentrations were extremely high throughout the watershed, as were the ammonia‐nitrogen and nitrate‐nitrogen concentrations, indicating extensive pollution. Although the nitrite‐nitrogen concentration was relatively low, it is at the upper end of what might be considered normal, thereby perhaps being indicative of some anthropogenic sources. The spring waters were found to be polluted by nutrients. The nutrient sources contributing to the river pollution were mainly from piped, direct sewage discharges from the many settlements throughout the basin. These were supplemented by diffuse sources directly from agricultural fertilizer use and from the indiscriminate disposal of solid wastes into the river and on the stream banks and lands adjacent to the roads of the watershed.     

Improvement of the Operating Processes in Boiler Furnaces of TÉTs-21 with the Help of Numerical Simulation of Thermal Gas Dynamic Processes

The use of numerical simulation and advanced means of computational hydrodynamics (domestic FlowVision software) for simulating the processes of flow and combustion in the systems for air and gas feeding, mixers, burners, and boiler furnaces has made it possible to advance the recirculation system and burners of the TÉTs-21 cogeneration plant and considerably reduce the NO_x emissions.     

九寨沟漳扎污水处理厂一期工程调试与运行

九寨沟漳扎镇污水处理厂一期工程采用A2/O工艺,设计规模5 000 m3/d.对该厂A2/O工艺在不同条件下的工艺参数进行摸索,找到了适合的运行参数.介绍了工程的调试运行情况,从2007年11～12月的运行数据来看,出水水质总体上达到了<城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准>(GB18918-2002)一级A标准.     

Abatement of agricultural pollution and economic incentives: The case of intensive livestock farming in France

Amongst possible economic incentives to encourage reduced nitrate contamination of water, this paper emphasizes a nitrogen tax as a possible solution. This finding is based on models estimated from panel data for 100 intensive livestock farms. For each farm a threshold is established (nitrogen units which can be spread per hectare without damage) above which there is an excess of nitrogen. The 100 farms can consequently be classified into two subsamples. The demand for nitrogen is derived for each sub-sample using the dual approach. Both categories are pooled together and a tobit model is estimated. This is used to derive total nitogen demand if all farms were under the threshold. A mineral nitrogen tax would lead to a reduced nitrate concentration in water supplies, because of a more efficient use of organic nitrogen together with a reduction in the use of mineral nitrogen in crop production.