Knowledge diversity and coordination: The effect of intrafirm inventor task networks on absorption speed

Research Summary: We combine the absorptive capacity and social network theory approaches to predict how intrafirm “whole” network characteristics affect the firm's speed of absorption of external knowledge to produce inventions. We start from the widely accepted view that distant, externally‐developed knowledge is difficult to absorb into the focal firm's own knowledge production. We suggest that high levels of intrafirm inventor task network diversity and task network density are essential for a diversity of knowledge inputs and coordinated actions regarding knowledge transfer, which in turn, reduces problems related to the absorption of knowledge—especially in the case of knowledge that is distant from the focal firm. The results of an event history study of 113 pharmaceutical firms that engaged in technology in‐licensing from 1986 to 2003 provide general support for our hypotheses. Managerial Summary: Firms keen to keep up with an uncertain and ever‐changing industry environment, can benefit from the speedy introduction of inventions. We examine how firms absorb licensed‐in technologies to nurture the rapid development of own related inventions. We show that a firm's absorption speed depends on the characteristics of the internal collaboration networks among the firm's inventor employees. More specifically, technologically diverse and well‐connected inventor networks improve the firm's ability to absorb external technologies quickly. This applies especially to externally acquired technologies that are unfamiliar to the firm. Depending on the distance of the acquired technology from the focal firm combined with speed‐inducing inventor network characteristics, our estimates suggest that firms can reduce the time needed for absorption by several months.     

下承式钢桁拱桥极限承载力分析

极限承载力分析对于拱桥的设计具有十分重要的意义,理想线弹性结构的理论屈服强度通常采用特征值屈曲分析法得到,但结构材料非线性和几何非线性却使得结构通常无法达到其理论强度极值。利用大型有限元软件ANSYS,同时采用3种分析极限承载力的方法(特征值屈曲法、几何非线性法与同时考虑几何非线性和材料非线性法),对宁波城庄大桥主跨部分进行极限承载力计算分析。分析结果表明,在计算桁式拱桥极限承载力时考虑双重非线性方法求解极限承载力得出的结果比线性方法更符合实际的工程情况。     

基于产业集群升级的创新网络核心节点能力传递研究

在集群创新网络中,核心节点企业的创新能力较其他企业更强,研究核心节点企业创新能力传递对于集群升级至关重要。本文提出创新网络核心节点企业创新能力传递强度概念,并构建其概念模型。通过实证研究发现,创新网络核心节点企业创新能力传递强度对集群升级具有显著的正向影响,其中,创新能力传递速度和创新能力传递深度对集群升级促进作用显著;集群其他节点企业创新吸收能力调节了创新网络核心节点企业创新能力传递强度与集群升级的关系,并指出了研究结论的实践意义。     

预钻式旁压试验在哈尔滨地铁一期工程中的应用

本文通过哈尔滨地铁一期工程的实例,介绍了预钻式旁压试验在工程中的现场操作,成果分析及应用。     

多点支撑加固坦拱桥技术研究

矢跨比较小的坦拱桥,受力形式带有梁式桥的倾向,水平推力较陡拱大,受载弯矩集中于主拱拱顶至3/8、5/8区段,因此造成对此种桥型加固难度增大。有必要提出有效措施进行加固整治。本文结合公路坦拱桥加固工程实例,较为详细地介绍了多点支撑加固坦拱的设计、施工技术。实践证明,该加固增强技术可有效提高坦拱桥的承载能力且安全可靠,具有较大的技术、经济和社会效益,应用前景广阔。     

服务代理企业知识吸收能力的概念及构成

知识吸收能力对服务代理企业培养竞争优势实现可持续发展有着重要的意义。从组织层次的角度来看,服务代理企业的知识吸收能力由三部分构成:个体知识吸收能力、团队知识吸收能力、企业知识吸收能力。     

基于区域的标准化与技术创新实证研究

本文运用扩展的知识生产函数,使用2000～2009年省际面板数据,实证检验了标准化对我国技术创新的贡献。结果表明,无论是在全国层面还是在区域层面,标准化投入对技术创新都有明显的促进作用,但全国层面的作用高于区域层面,目其作用在区域创新能力高的地区更明显。     

低应变法对桩承载力的时效分析

本文结合实践对低应变法对桩基承载力的应力状态进行了探讨分析。     

物流运输网络中的网络容量扩张成本效益均衡模型及算法研究

在给定一个单源单汇物流运输网络中，网络中的每条弧都有一个容量和运输时间的限制，研究了当网络的容量提高到指定水平，同时限制从网络中源点到汇点运输时间，应该如何对网络进行适当的扩张，减少网络的运输时间，同时使网络效益与预期效益尽可能的接近。     

Local Democracy Ltd

Abstract

A number of European countries have witnessed a proliferation of local government enterprises in recent years. Norwegian local councillors are seemingly particularly exposed to this ‘enterprise fever’. Our article explores local governments' approaches to the political control of such companies. We observe a reluctance to intervene directly in the affairs of an enterprise, but there is a last-resort preparedness to take more resolute action. Lastly, in contrast to what the prototypical agency model postulates, we find that those who attach strong aspirations of increased capacity to the establishment of companies appear to lack trust in the same companies' performance capability.