考虑水平隐蔽度影响的卵石周围水流结构分析

基于二维数值水槽,在高雷诺数Re=5×104~20×104条件下,从卵石在床面不同排列方式下单颗粒到多颗粒圆状卵石的位置及受力情况的角度出发,综合考虑水平与竖直两个方向定义的隐蔽度,颗粒起动采用滚动模式,结合水流结构,进一步探讨其起动规律,亦对沙卵石河床冲刷和粗化的研究提供基础。通过比较9种情况下阻力与升力的数值结果分析表明,水平隐蔽度对水动力因素亦有较大影响,阻力系数随着相对水平隐蔽度的增大先减小后增大,经综合考虑其更符合真实情况,最后对附近作用区域涡量分布的影响进行了讨论。     

水电工程设计系统仿真探讨

阐述了水电工程设计系统仿真的主要内容,提出了以CATIA三维设计软件为中心的水电工程设计系统仿真路线,并结合工程实例,开展了三维设计、有限元计算、虚拟现实等设计仿真应用,实现了数据共享,提高了设计仿真的效率和质量,为水电工程开展全方位仿真模拟提供了新的思路。     

水电站日调节对河流生境条件影响的 生态水文评价方法研究

从表征水电站日调峰特征出发,参照生态水文参数中的频率、大小、变化率、时间等生态角度的概念,建立了由发电水流脉冲的频率、大小、历时等指标组成的评价指标体系,并运用该指标体系对长江重要支流水阳江上港口湾水库日调节的水位过程影响进行了实例分析。研究成果对于水利工程生态环境影响评价具有一定参考价值。     

T型连接井交汇水流数值模拟

A numerical simulation is made on Wangqingtuo T-junction Chamber, the confluence in the downstream junction chamber without outlet is analyzed, and then the impact of the direction of the inflow from reservoir on the flow pattern in the downstream triple-hole box culvert and the position of the full-uniform flow through the downstream cross-section is estimated as well. The study result can provide a reference for the similar project concerned.     

平面运动机构试验的数值模拟

获取水动力导数是预报船舶操纵性的关键,平面运动机构试验是主要的测量方法.该文通过商业软件FLUENT提供的动网格功能对DTMB5415模型的平面运动机构试验进行了数值模拟,忽略了自由面兴波,计算得到的侧向力及转首力矩的变化与实验结果吻合良好,为使用CFD预报船舶操纵性提供了相关经验.     

双级贯流式水轮机导叶和转轮的水力设计

针对一种新型双级贯流式水轮机,推导了一级导叶、一级转轮、二级导叶和二级转轮的参数设计公式。利用数值模拟商业软件Fluent分析了水轮机在设计工况下的数值性能。数值计算时控制方程采用雷诺时均N-S离散方程,湍流模型选择标准k-ε模型,得到了水轮机的流线图、导叶和转轮叶片的压力面和吸力面的压力分布图,以及中心对称面x=0.083 5的速度矢量图,数值计算结果证明了水轮机设计的正确性。     

Numerical simulation of slurry jets using mixture model

Slurry jets in a static uniform environment were simulated with a two-phase mixture model in which flow-particle interactions were considered. A standard k-ε turbulence model was chosen to close the governing equations. The computational results were in agreement with previous laboratory measurements. The characteristics of the two-phase flow field and the influences of hydraulic and geometric parameters on the distribution of the slurry jets were analyzed on the basis of the computational results. The calculated results reveal that if the initial velocity of the slurry jet is high, the jet spreads less in the radial direction. When the slurry jet is less influenced by the ambient fluid (when the Stokes number St is relatively large), the turbulent kinetic energy k and turbulent dissipation rate ε, which are relatively concentrated around the jet axis, decrease more rapidly after the slurry jet passes through the nozzle. For different values of St, the radial distributions of streamwise velocity and particle volume fraction are both self-similar and fit a Gaussian profile after the slurry jet fully develops. The decay rate of the particle velocity is lower than that of water velocity along the jet axis, and the axial distributions of the centerline particle streamwise velocity are self-similar along the jet axis. The pattern of particle dispersion depends on the Stokes number St. When St = 0.39, the particle dispersion along the radial direction is considerable, and the relative velocity is very low due to the low dynamic response time. When St = 3.08, the dispersion of particles along the radial direction is very little, and most of the particles have high relative velocities along the streamwise direction.     

小洼槽长距离倒虹吸水头损失的数值计算

为了探索采用Fluent软件模拟研究长距离倒虹吸水头损失的准确性,利用计算流体力学软件Fluent的水气两相流VOF法,采用三维标准k-ε模型对长距离倒虹吸水头损失进行模拟计算。计算中考虑壁面粗糙程度,设置不同的粗糙度模拟小洼槽倒虹吸水头损失,从而得到玻璃钢管材粗糙度范围。对比较大流量下水头损失的模拟值与实测值,表明通过设置粗糙度模拟长距离倒虹吸水头损失的方法可行,但网格划分对结果的影响大小还需进一步研究。     

长江水域电厂温排水数值模拟

对电厂环境水域温排水进行预测有助于合理地布置电厂取排水工程,使电厂取到低温水,使废热在水环境中得到充分的消散。针对常熟电厂附近水域水流和污染物的对流扩散特点,采用Delft-3D软件平面二维水流温度场数学模型对电厂温排水进行数值模拟,在水位和流速测点验证的基础上,考察温度场的分布情况。分析结果显示:冬季小潮条件比冬季大潮条件下的温升影响面积更大,且向下游和离岸方向扩散的距离更远;两种条件下取水口处的温升均较小。     

受控振动柱体对波浪影响的数值模拟研究

以不可压缩黏性流体的Navier-Stokes方程为控制方程,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型,利用VOF方法追踪运动的自由表面的方法,建立了三维数值波浪与振动柱体相互作用的模型.基于经典绕射理论验证了波浪绕固定柱体传播的数值模型的可靠性,再采用动边界技术赋予柱体振动规律,研究受控振动柱体对波浪传播的影响,并通过控制柱体初始振动相位变化,系统地给出了在柱体振动的不同初始相位下柱体前后波浪变化的规律.