A Framework for Developing and Testing Financial Capability Education Programs Targeted to Elementary Schools

Concerns about consumers’ ability to manage their finances have triggered a range of proposals, including interventions aimed at elementary school students. The goal of these approaches is to improve lifelong economic decision making, but the evidence supporting their efficacy is thin. In this article, the authors discuss the trend toward elementary financial education and propose a framework for developing evidence-based programs. They emphasize the need for understanding the underlying mechanisms that facilitate the translation of student knowledge into the ability to make sound economic decisions over the life course. The framework illustrates the importance of articulating the intended mechanisms and effects of education programs. This focus on mechanisms will not only facilitate the evaluation of individual programs, but also the synthesis of evidence across interventions.     

Review Essay

Sen's capability approach has a culturally specific side, with capabilities influenced by social structures and institutions. Although Sen acknowledges this, he expresses his theory in individualistic terms and makes little allowance for culture or social structure. The present paper draws from recent social theory to discuss how the capability approach could be developed to give an explicit treatment of cultural and structural matters. Capabilities depend not only on entitlements but on institutional roles and personal relations: these can be represented openly if capabilities are disaggregated into individual, social and structural capacities. The three layers interact, and a full analysis of capabilities should consider them all. A stratified method implies that raising entitlements will not on its own be enough to enhance capabilities and that cultural and structural changes will be needed.     

动态环境下的企业战略变革研究

在动态环境下,企业战略变革、战略转型研究已经成为企业家和管理学家关注的重点。那么如何有效形成企业战略变革呢?本文认为企业有效推行战略变革主要由动态能力、企业家战略能力、组织学习、持续创新等要素决定。     

基于科学发展观的反贫困理念的重构

不同的经济社会发展阶段对贫困及反贫困问题的研究会有不同的认识和理解,本文提出,当今的“贫困”已逐渐从衣不裹体、食不果腹的绝对贫困进一步发展到基本解决温饱的相对贫困;从缺乏必要的物质财富的狭义贫困发展到就业、健康、教育、社会参与等基本权利丧失的广义贫困。反贫困必须按照科学发展观的思想内涵,必须从被动的“救济”,转向注重提高人的可行能力,坚持以人为本、物质扶贫和精神扶贫并举的理念。     

需求导向的企业技术创新能力成长理论

以8家重点工业企业(哈电、大唐电信、中国船舶、海尔、海信、奇瑞、长庆油田、鞍钢)为案例研究对象,系统探讨了需求在企业技术创新能力成长中的作用机理,提出需求导向的技术创新能力成长理论模型———"需求导向-实践积累-能力跃迁"模型。该模型包括以下3个命题:第一,需求导向是指企业主动把握需求带来的创新实践机会,这些机会来自需求宽度(国家战略需求、国际市场需求、国内市场需求和企业内部需求)和需求深度(首次需求、需求升级和创造需求)的不同组合及其动态变化;第二,企业技术创新能力的积累表现为能力宽度(整体产品/工艺技术能力)和能力深度(核心技术能力)的动态组合提升,这种积累是企业在技术创新核心过程的5个要素(技术来源、产品设计、工艺设计、生产/制造和自主品牌)的动态组合上进行持续实践的结果;第三,企业技术创新能力的积累可以形成向"主导产业链创新的能力"的跃迁,该能力的主导力量来源具有多样性,由整体产品/工艺技术能力、核心技术能力、自主品牌3个核心要素及其不同组合决定。     

Trying to become a different type of company: dynamic capability at Smith Corona

Smith Corona, formerly one of the world's leading manufacturers of typewriters, was challenged to exercise dynamic capability in the face of the dissipation of its main product category. A study of the last two decades of the life of the company shows how Smith Corona tried to alter its resource base by leveraging existing resources, creating new resources, accessing external resources, and releasing resources. Using the extended case method, this study advances dynamic capability theory by confronting it with an empirical case. The Smith Corona case provides rich insights into the resource alteration processes by which dynamic capability operates, and highlights resource cognition as a missing element in dynamic capability theory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

巩固和拓展党的执政资源

对于一个执政党来说,其执政资源丰厚与否,不仅关系到它能否履行好执政使命,而且还关系到它的执政地位是否稳固。在新的历史条件下,为了加强党的执政能力建设,巩固党的执政地位,我们就要从群众资源、经济资源、权力资源、理论资源和组织资源等各方面不断开拓党的执政资源。     

我国企业创新力不足的影响因素分析

创新力是企业保持竞争优势的核心要素,企业必须加强创新能力的培养。在总结我国企业创新力不足的基础上,可以对相关影响因素进行分析。     

杏花煤矿各煤层抽放有效范围的探索

通过对仰角钻孔抽放有效段的观测,总结出不同煤层采后裂隙带的高度,为以后同一煤层回采的顶板高抽巷、仰角钻孔高度确定提供可靠依据。     

军工企业军民融合式发展的系统基模分析

系统基模分析方法是企业在发展过程中进行系统思考和战略决策的有效工具,文章借助此方法对军工企业军民融合式发展过程中遇到的"成长上限"进行了分析,并给出了系统的解决方案。认为应主要从生产能力与企业并购、军民融合技术平台建设、管理科学化等三个方面进行能力投资,以便提高企业的关键绩效,实现持续发展。