Digital sport entrepreneurial ecosystems

The entrepreneurial ecosystems literature has increasingly explored network relationships between different stakeholders, as well as the role of context. This article addresses the challenge of including a sport context in the entrepreneurial ecosystem literature thereby contributing to the sport entrepreneurship literature by bringing insights from entrepreneurship ecosystem research. In‐depth interviews of football stakeholders in the sport entrepreneurship ecosystem are conducted in terms of understanding the emergence of digital sport start‐ups. The issues raised help explore the changing nature of digital entrepreneurial ecosystems to take into account new sport technological advances. Mixed embeddedness theory is used as the conceptual foundation to understand sport digital entrepreneurial ecosystems. Key management practices are identified in terms of sport start‐ups participating in entrepreneurial ecosystems. The article concludes by making suggestions for future research.     

A new innovation paradigm: European cohesion policy and the retreat of public science in countries in Europe's scientific periphery

This article seeks to undertake a critical assessment of the changing position of public science in the entrepreneurial ecosystem of the countries on the periphery of European research. These countries are driven by new innovation paradigm based on entrepreneurship, which are implemented within the European Smart specialization strategy (S3). This article argues that S3 is widely implemented in the cohesion countries and, while it provides substantial resources for science, technology, and innovation, it fails to provide sustainability in the public research sector. This has direct implications for policies concerning innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In order to prove the thesis, the article provides theoretical argumentation for emergence of a new innovation paradigm, driven by the rise of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, its incorporation into S3, and a consequent retreat of science policy in favor of entrepreneurial policy. The empirical analysis is focused on the funding trends seen in the business and public research sectors over the last decade (2008–2017), which have clearly shown that S3 has not contributed, despite expectations, to an increase in public expenditure for science. This signifies S3's neglect of public research within entrepreneurial ecosystems and challenges the ability of S3 to reduce wide disparities in research and innovation performance across the European Union. This ultimately endangers the innovation potential of the entrepreneurial ecosystem itself.     

Crossing borders and boundaries: Translation ecosystems in international business

The field of International Business (IB) has traditionally focused on the crossing of national boundaries. In this Perspective, we argue that organizational, knowledge domain, and language boundaries are equally important for understanding translation activities in cross-border business. We integrate three kinds of translation (organizational translation and knowledge translation from Organization Studies and interlingual translation from Translation Studies) to deepen our understanding of core IB phenomena and pose new research questions. We introduce the framework of a translation ecosystem for integrating the micro perspective of translating agents, the meso perspective of organizational units, and the macro perspective of the larger social and linguistic contexts that influence translation. This framework allows IB scholars to identify important but invisible boundaries in cross-border business. The translation ecosystem requires the kind of multi-level research that has been recognized as crucial for taking the field forward and offers the potential for making contributions both to IB and to translation research beyond the disciplinary boundaries of IB.     

过度信息市场环境下品牌战略的建构

本文认为,目前市场正从信息短缺时代的"信息发现"困难转向信息过剩时代的"信息识别"困难,信息过度与市场信息短缺一样都存在着信息不对称问题,且具有更多的风险,它使企业产品信息与顾客识别之间存在更复杂的冲突。文章提出,品牌在过度信息市场环境下对信息不对称性有弱化作用,在品牌战略建构过程中应力求形成和培育品牌生态系统(基于信用而形成的社会关系网络)效应。     

From Supply Chains to Supply Ecosystems: Implications for Strategic Sourcing Research and Practice

Traditionally, sourcing decisions such as what to buy and from whom to buy it were viewed as clerical in nature. Today, however, many executives view sourcing decisions as strategic and these decisions are being made from more prominent positions within firms. Indeed, over time more companies are embracing the concept of strategic sourcing—making acquisition decisions with the intent of creating value and achieving a competitive advantage. In this article, we introduce the Special Topic Forum articles on strategic sourcing and performance. Each offers important implications for strategic sourcing research and practice. An overall implication is that some traditional supply chains appear to be giving way to supply ecosystems, which represent a set of interdependent and coordinated organizations that share common adaptive challenges and that collectively shape the creation and nurturing of a sourcing base that contributes to competitive advantage and superior performance. We offer several theoretical perspectives that hold promise for explaining supply ecosystem functioning and outcomes. In terms of practice, firms need to adapt their strategic sourcing to this evolution or run the risk of being weakened.     

基于生态位的奥运赞助企业品牌竞争研究

在当今社会,竞争涉及社会的各个领域,尤其是经济领域。而在经济领域,最重要,最突出的竞争就是品牌竞争。所谓企业品牌生态位就是企业在其品牌生态系统中所确定的"生态位",依据企业品牌生态位的形成探讨奥运赞助企业品牌的优势生态位,以此制定出奥运赞助企业品牌国际化的"生态"策略。     

京沪高速铁路生态现代化的思考——基于区域生态系统项目的技术经济评价模型

京沪高速铁路生态系统建设将是中国东部六省市率先实现生态现代化的重大契机,正外部性效应是京沪高速铁路生态系统项目技术经济评价的主要特征,管理部门有必要定量测算其复合生态系统的生态正外部性并使正外部效应内部化.根据京沪高速铁路生态系统的收益应该等于其具有私人品属性的正产品收益和具有正公共品属性的副产品收益之和这一原理,可以设计京沪高速铁路生态系统技术经济评价的三个主要指标,它不仅可以用于其项目评价,而且从理论上为政府最大限度地支持生态系统的发展,提供一个定量测度的工具.     

乡村旅游的生态系统管理——以泉州市为例

乡村旅游在我国尚处于发展探索阶段,发展势头良好,但是缺乏科学的理论指导。生态系统管理起源于传统的自然资源管理和利用过程,具有丰富的科学内涵和广阔的应用前景。根据生态学原理,以泉州市乡村旅游发展与管理为例,介绍乡村旅游生态系统的组成与特点,构建乡村旅游的生态系统管理理论框架,分析泉州市乡村旅游发展与管理现状,并提出其生态系统管理建议,为我国制定乡村旅游区域化管理模式提供参考。     

互联网商业生态系统动态演化仿真研究——以阿里巴巴为例

文章尝试将商业生态系统理论与互联网相结合，解释互联网商业生态系统内部结构的静态和动态演化过程，从理论上深度探索了互联网商业生态系统内部生态发展的内在机理和运行机制，并运用计算机仿真方法模拟了互联网商业生态系统的内部演化过程。研究发现：互联网生态结构的演化过程经历了萌芽期、成长期、繁殖期、分化期四个主要阶段，商圈发展经历了平台、商家、消费者三主体到平台、商家、消费者、专业服务商、增值服务商五主体的进化过程，并不断进化和繁殖生成新的专业服务商和增值服务商，随之产生新的互联网商业生态系统。最后，文章以阿里巴巴电子商务生态系统为案例从经验上对其内部生态系统的发展和演化构成进行了分析。     

大型商业零售企业的赢利模式

目前大型商业零售企业赢利模式主要有三种:商品进销价差型,或代理费型;从上游供应商寻求利润型;通过优化供应链,降低物流成本型。由于市场竞争环境的变化,这三种赢利模式的弊端日益明显,由此尝试提出一种新型的赢利模式,即商业生态系统赢利模式,并对这一赢利模式的优势和运行条件进行理论分析。