Determinants of employee willingness to use feedback for performance improvement: cultural and organizational interpretations

This study was designed to identify determinants of employee willingness to use feedback for performance improvement. The proposed determinants included objectives of appraisal, supervisor's knowledge of subordinate's job, agreed plan for performance improvement, trust in supervisor and perceived fairness and accuracy of performance evaluation. Data were collected in two phases. The first phase consisted of a questionnaire survey among 100 Hong Kong Chinese employees working in public and private sector organizations. Regression analysis of questionnaire data indicated that agreed plan for performance improvement and perceived fairness and accuracy of performance evaluation had significant positive effects on employee willingness to use performance feedback. In the second phase, focus group interviews were held to triangulate survey findings. Interview data suggested that Chinese cultural characteristics of paternalism and personalism influenced the underlying dynamics of the evaluation process. Findings are interpreted in the context of employees cultural and organizational background.     

User acceptance of complex electronic market mechanisms: Role of information feedback

This paper broadens the scope of evaluating the design of economic mechanisms that is traditionally done solely from an economic perspective. We introduce and demonstrate the application of acceptability to evaluate complex economic mechanisms. In particular, we apply our approach to the evaluation of continuous combinatorial auctions, which represent a complex, sophisticated market mechanism that has not been generally available in the online marketplace but has the potential to enhance the economic efficiency of trade for assets with interdependent values. Such auctions are being increasingly used in industry, e.g., to procure logistical services. Intuitively, acceptance and usage of a complex mechanism can be fostered by a design that provides information and tools that meet the users’ task demands. Based on prior research and an analysis of the auction tasks, we discuss practical and innovative information feedback schemes for reducing the cognitive burden of formulating bids in combinatorial auctions. Then, we use constructs from the technology acceptance model (TAM) – which have been consistently shown to be key determinants of technology acceptance in the extant literature – to compare the acceptability of the mechanism under three different information regimes. In addition, we borrow constructs from marketing theory to assess the potential growth in adoption of the mechanism. We compare user perceptions of the three alternative designs in a laboratory experiment with over 130 subjects. Our study constitutes a complementary and novel approach in evaluating the design of complex economic mechanisms. Results indicate a higher adoption and usage potential of the mechanism with advanced information feedback, supporting the potential of combinatorial auctions as a user-acceptable market mechanism with appropriate feedback.     

论企业现代预算管理系统的构建

本文通过对预算管理的解析,探寻建立现代预算管理应注意的问题。首先应建立现代预算管理的新理念,通过创新性地运用预算评价指标、方法和手段,完善信息反馈机制,搭建完整的闭环的预算控制系统,以完成企业战略目标。     

Entry‐Timing Advantages in Renewable Natural Resources Industries

In this paper, we explore the conditions of entry‐timing advantages in renewable natural resource industries. Drawing from behavioural theory of the firm, we classify firms in two groups depending on the different heuristics used to make entry decisions when facing the cyclical endogenous nature of these industries: crowd firms are procyclical, making decisions based on the current phase of the industry cycle, whereas anti‐crowd firms follow a countercyclical strategy, making uncertain, and risky decisions by estimation of the next phase of the cycle. Therefore, anti‐crowd firms anticipate the deployment of resources each cycle, potentially gaining entry‐timing advantages beyond those provided by traditional competitive isolating mechanisms. Through a mathematical simulation of a performance feedback model, we reveal that the entry‐timing advantage of the anti‐crowd group becomes possible when the rivalry in the industry and the price sensitivity of competitors are high, and when the time required to deploy the resources is short.     

A secure hash function based on feedback iterative structure

Rapid growth of internet data has created enormous security challenges on authenticity, availability and integrity protection of these outsourced data. Hash function is one of the main solutions to face these challenges. This paper proposes a feedback iterative structure of hash function which utilises the variable feedback to resist attacks. Furthermore, to accelerate message diffusion, two novel modules are designed, one for iteration and the other for truncation. Experimental results show that the proposed hash function can effectively resist existing attacks. Moreover, comparing with other existing hash functions, it displays better on statistical performance, collision resistance and avalanche.     

创新目标、前景与企业技术创新行为：江苏的实证

技术创新具有高度的复杂性、非线性与不确定性等特征,它需要企业清晰地树立新的技术创新目标、前景,并与企业关键人物的角色功能紧密相关。本文在大量调查问卷的基础上,以江苏省制造业企业为样本,从微观行为数据层面,运用统计实证与数理分析等方法,考察、观测并揭示了中国制造业企业的创新目标、前景与企业技术创新之间存在的特殊复杂关系：两变量限制均衡、创新活动本身对于技术创新影响因素的反馈影响等。     

系统动力学原理和方法在旅游规划中的运用

旅游业中许多问题都涉及到动态和非线性的关系，给旅游规划带来相当大的影响，利用系统动力学有助于解决这些问题。文章通过对运用此方法的步骤和原则的介绍，探讨系统动力学在旅游规划中运用的理论意义和科学价值，并且以桂林旅游规划为实例加以说明。     

Assessing the relationships between Nationalism, Ethnocentrism, and Individualism in Flanders using Bergstrom's approximate discrete model

Although Nationalism, Ethnocentrism, and Individualism in Flanders have been the subject of several studies before, a longitudinal analysis has not been performed on all three concepts simultaneously nor have their relationships and the direction of their relationships been studied in continuous time. In this study we performed a continuous-time state-space analysis on panel data collected from 1274 subjects, in the years 1991, 1995 and 1999. The LISREL program is used for estimating the approximate discrete model (ADM), and for comparison, also the exact discrete model (EDM) is estimated by means of the Mx program. Details of continuous time modeling, especially the EDM and ADM, are dealt with. Individualism and Ethnocentrism turn out to be connected in a moderately strong feedback relationship with the effect from Individualism towards Ethnocentrism somewhat stronger than that in the opposite direction. Both Individualism and Ethnocentrism have small effects on Nationalism. The autoregression functions, cross-lagged effect functions, and mean predictions are shown.     

城市新区规划仿真模型系统分析方法研究

通过应用系统动力学建立城市新区规划系统仿真模型,已成为新区规划的一种重要手段。从分析构建仿真模型过程中通常所采用的系统分析方法入手,阐明了该方法的一些不足之处,提出了一种改进型的分析方法,即系统反馈环分析方法,探讨了该方法的机理和可行性,并结合天津滨海新区空港加工区的案例,论述了该方法对仿真模型系统结构和行为模式的分析过程。     

股指期货对股市正反馈交易行为的影响

利用正反馈交易模型与非对称冲击TARCH模型,本文实证研究了我国股指期货的推出对股市投资者正反馈交易行为的影响。结果表明：我国股市当前存在正反馈交易行为;股指期货的短期抑制效应不大,长期抑制效应渐现但不显著;股指期货有利于投资者对消息的理性反应,是抑制股市正反馈交易行为的重要原因。